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Dissertation
Master's Thesis : Analysis, simulations and prototyping of a 1 kW wide bandgap semiconductor based DC/DC converter
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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Power converters are widely used over the world and are implemented in several electronic applications. This thesis was realised in partnership with CE+T POWER, one of the leaders on the power management market. The principal goal of this project was to revise their current DC/DC converter implemented inside one of their main products, the ``Sierra 10". To do so, the idea of replacing MOSFET by new GaN transistors was investigated.&#13;&#13;First, the converter operations were studied and successfully checked on LTspice simulations. The wide bandgap semiconductors technology was summarised and it was shown that there were several advantages of using GaN instead of silicon transistors. GaN transistors are easy to use, allow new capabilities, are reliable, and will be at least as cost-effective as the silicon within few years.&#13;&#13;Then, it was shown that the transistors of the converter were controllable by sensing the magnetising current. In practice, the drain current of the primary transistor is almost an image of the magnetising current (without considering the resonance part of the drain current). The drain current would be sensed. It was possible to fix the needed output power to compute the corresponding peak magnetising current values and switching frequency to impose. At first glance, there were several operating points for a given output power. However, it was shown, under assumptions, that an operating point which induces the lowest power losses inside the primary transistor existed. This could be translated into a simple optimisation problem. The mathematical programming results corresponded to the analytical results. The model suggested to decrease the switching frequency around 30 kHz for a peak magnetising current of 81 A. This operating point might not be the most practical one in terms of transformer sizing and cost. Supplementary manufacturing constraints could be added to the model to shift the minimum losses operating point.&#13;&#13;The obtained results showed that a possible minimum losses operating point exists and could be tracked under a simple model of losses computation that could be sharpened in function of the technical constraints.


Dissertation
Master thesis : Digital twin of a power converter: using hardware-in-the-loop for the design and evaluation of digital control algorithms.
Authors: --- --- --- ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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Nowadays, renewable energy sources take a larger share in energy production. Power electronics converters are extensively used to optimize energy yield, and interface those renewable energy sources with the electrical grid. As such, industries tend to develop more and more complex controllers for power electronics converters, and there is a need for tools to validate controller design in real-life conditions before implementation. \&#13;&#13;This thesis focuses on one emulation technique called “hardware-in-the-loop” (HIL). HIL devices can be used to simulate the dynamics of power electronics converters in real-time, thanks to their extensive computational capabilities. They can also interface hardware devices with models developed on software. This is especially useful if one wants to validate the design of a controller, once it is deported on a hardware device, to identify any possible implementation issues. \&#13;&#13;The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part highlights the advantages of the HIL technique for validation of controller design. A model of a battery charger is designed, and the switching operations are performed by a controller. The controller is either simulated in the same environment as the battery charger, or deported on a real control board interfaced with the battery charger emulation. The second part highlights the advantages of the HIL technique for the simulation of power electronics converters and demonstrates the reliability of HIL simulation.&#13;Therefore, measurements from a real converter from CE+T power products, are compared with HIL simulation data. In order to perform the simulation, the real converter is modeled inside the Typhoon HIL software and the control board of the real converter is interfaced with the HIL device. \&#13;&#13;Finally, the comparison results are discussed and the potential of HIL for future work is evoked.


Book
NEIS 2019 : Conference on Sustainable Energy Supply and Energy Storage Systems Hamburg, 19 – 20 September 2019
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ISBN: 3800751534 3800751526 Year: 2019 Publisher: Berlin VDE Verlag

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Long description: With the ongoing transition of the electrical power system to a more sustainable generation structure we need new ideas and solutions for a safe and reliable energy supply. We named the NEIS event Conference on sustainable energy supply and integration of energy storage systems. This implies that the future power system design demands a sustainable approach with several contributions and ideas from different application fields. The NEIS 2019 was the seventh conference event, providing an annual occasion for scientists to present their current work. A special focus of this year`s topics was placed on electrical power grids and grid related aspects such as grid monitoring and protection as well as electro-mobility. The speakers and participants came from South Africa, India, Iran, Poland, Austria and Germany. Every year we have at least one international keynote-speaker to bring new impulse to the participants and enhance the international collaboration within the community.


Book
NEIS 2020 : Conference on Sustainable Energy Supply and Energy Storage Systems Hamburg, 14 – 15 September 2020
Author:
ISBN: 380075360X 3800753596 1523140798 Year: 2020 Publisher: Berlin VDE Verlag

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Long description: With the ongoing transition of the electrical power system to a more sustainable generation structure we need new ideas and solutions for a safe and reliable energy supply. We named the NEIS event Conference on sustainable energy supply and integration of energy storage systems. This implies that the future power system design demands a sustainable approach with several contributions and ideas from different application fields. The NEIS 2020 was the eighth conference event, providing an annual occasion for scientists to present their current work. A special focus of this years conference was placed on electrical power grids and relevant aspects such as power system planning, management and monitoring, as well as innovative protection methods and electromobility. Three keynote speakers from the UK, Germany and Denmark gave an insight into the newest developments in the field of future power systems and the challenges that we are facing on that way.


Book
Sliding Mode Control of Power Converters in Renewable Energy Systems
Author:
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Renewable energies are becoming a must to counteract the consequences of the global warming. More efficient devices and better control strategies are required in the generation, transport, and conversion of electricity. Energy is processed by power converters that are currently the key building blocks in modern power distribution systems. The associated electrical architecture is based on buses for energy distribution and uses a great number of converters for interfacing both input and output energy. This book shows that sliding-mode control is contributing to improve the performances of power converters by means of accurate theoretical analyses that result in efficient implementations. The sliding-mode control of power converters for renewable energy applications offers a panoramic view of the most recent uses of this regulation technique in practical cases. By presenting examples that range from dozens of kilowatts to only a few watts, the book covers control solutions for AC–DC and DC–AC generation, power factor correction, multilevel converters, constant-power load supply, wind energy systems, efficient lighting, digital control implementation, multiphase converters, and energy harvesting. The selected examples developed by recognized specialists are illustrated by means of detailed simulations and experiments to help the reader to understand the theoretical approach in each case considered in the book.

Keywords

History of engineering & technology --- output regulation --- state feedback --- sliding mode control --- DC-DC power converter --- DC-DC converters --- boost converter --- constant power load (CPL) --- fixed switching frequency --- sliding-mode control --- inrush current mitigation --- Induction Electrodeless Fluorescent Lamps (IEFL) --- High-Intensity Discharge Lamps (HID) --- loss-free resistor (LFR) --- two-loop digital control --- buck converter --- input-output linearization --- PWM --- sliding mode --- DC-DC converter --- multiphase converter --- disturbance observer --- electric vehicles --- power-hardware-in-the-loop --- renewable energy systems --- fast dynamic response --- wind energy conversion system --- series-series-compensated wireless power transfer system --- energy harvesting --- isolated SEPIC converter --- high power factor rectifier --- isolated PFC rectifier --- bridgeless rectifier --- DC distribution bus --- microinverter --- sliding mode control (SMC), self-oscillating system --- two cascaded-boosts converters --- decision making --- design concept --- doubly-fed induction generator --- grid-side converter --- harmonic distortion --- multi-objective optimisation --- second-order sliding-mode control --- tuning --- unbalanced voltage --- wind power generation --- harvesting --- inductive transducer --- loss free resistor --- dc-to-dc converter --- DFIG --- adaptive-gain second-order sliding mode --- direct power control --- balanced and unbalanced grid voltage --- Lyapunov-based filter design --- constant power load --- Sliding Mode controlled power module --- zero dynamics stability --- modular multilevel converter --- Lyapunov stability --- dual boost inverter --- step-up inverter --- grid connection --- sliding mode control (SMC) --- power converter --- continuous signal generator --- equivalent control --- AC-DC power converter --- wind energy --- control --- dual-stator winding induction generator --- second order sliding mode --- output regulation --- state feedback --- sliding mode control --- DC-DC power converter --- DC-DC converters --- boost converter --- constant power load (CPL) --- fixed switching frequency --- sliding-mode control --- inrush current mitigation --- Induction Electrodeless Fluorescent Lamps (IEFL) --- High-Intensity Discharge Lamps (HID) --- loss-free resistor (LFR) --- two-loop digital control --- buck converter --- input-output linearization --- PWM --- sliding mode --- DC-DC converter --- multiphase converter --- disturbance observer --- electric vehicles --- power-hardware-in-the-loop --- renewable energy systems --- fast dynamic response --- wind energy conversion system --- series-series-compensated wireless power transfer system --- energy harvesting --- isolated SEPIC converter --- high power factor rectifier --- isolated PFC rectifier --- bridgeless rectifier --- DC distribution bus --- microinverter --- sliding mode control (SMC), self-oscillating system --- two cascaded-boosts converters --- decision making --- design concept --- doubly-fed induction generator --- grid-side converter --- harmonic distortion --- multi-objective optimisation --- second-order sliding-mode control --- tuning --- unbalanced voltage --- wind power generation --- harvesting --- inductive transducer --- loss free resistor --- dc-to-dc converter --- DFIG --- adaptive-gain second-order sliding mode --- direct power control --- balanced and unbalanced grid voltage --- Lyapunov-based filter design --- constant power load --- Sliding Mode controlled power module --- zero dynamics stability --- modular multilevel converter --- Lyapunov stability --- dual boost inverter --- step-up inverter --- grid connection --- sliding mode control (SMC) --- power converter --- continuous signal generator --- equivalent control --- AC-DC power converter --- wind energy --- control --- dual-stator winding induction generator --- second order sliding mode


Book
PV Charging and Storage for Electric Vehicles
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Electric vehicles are only ‘green’ as long as the source of electricity is ‘green’ as well. At the same time, renewable power production suffers from diurnal and seasonal variations, creating the need for energy storage technology. Moreover, overloading and voltage problems are expected in the distributed network due to the high penetration of distributed generation and increased power demand from the charging of electric vehicles. The energy and mobility transition hence calls for novel technological innovations in the field of sustainable electric mobility powered from renewable energy. This Special Issue focuses on recent advances in technology for PV charging and storage for electric vehicles.


Book
Sliding Mode Control of Power Converters in Renewable Energy Systems
Author:
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Renewable energies are becoming a must to counteract the consequences of the global warming. More efficient devices and better control strategies are required in the generation, transport, and conversion of electricity. Energy is processed by power converters that are currently the key building blocks in modern power distribution systems. The associated electrical architecture is based on buses for energy distribution and uses a great number of converters for interfacing both input and output energy. This book shows that sliding-mode control is contributing to improve the performances of power converters by means of accurate theoretical analyses that result in efficient implementations. The sliding-mode control of power converters for renewable energy applications offers a panoramic view of the most recent uses of this regulation technique in practical cases. By presenting examples that range from dozens of kilowatts to only a few watts, the book covers control solutions for AC–DC and DC–AC generation, power factor correction, multilevel converters, constant-power load supply, wind energy systems, efficient lighting, digital control implementation, multiphase converters, and energy harvesting. The selected examples developed by recognized specialists are illustrated by means of detailed simulations and experiments to help the reader to understand the theoretical approach in each case considered in the book.

Keywords

History of engineering & technology --- output regulation --- state feedback --- sliding mode control --- DC-DC power converter --- DC-DC converters --- boost converter --- constant power load (CPL) --- fixed switching frequency --- sliding-mode control --- inrush current mitigation --- Induction Electrodeless Fluorescent Lamps (IEFL) --- High-Intensity Discharge Lamps (HID) --- loss-free resistor (LFR) --- two-loop digital control --- buck converter --- input-output linearization --- PWM --- sliding mode --- DC-DC converter --- multiphase converter --- disturbance observer --- electric vehicles --- power-hardware-in-the-loop --- renewable energy systems --- fast dynamic response --- wind energy conversion system --- series-series-compensated wireless power transfer system --- energy harvesting --- isolated SEPIC converter --- high power factor rectifier --- isolated PFC rectifier --- bridgeless rectifier --- DC distribution bus --- microinverter --- sliding mode control (SMC), self-oscillating system --- two cascaded-boosts converters --- decision making --- design concept --- doubly-fed induction generator --- grid-side converter --- harmonic distortion --- multi-objective optimisation --- second-order sliding-mode control --- tuning --- unbalanced voltage --- wind power generation --- harvesting --- inductive transducer --- loss free resistor --- dc-to-dc converter --- DFIG --- adaptive-gain second-order sliding mode --- direct power control --- balanced and unbalanced grid voltage --- Lyapunov-based filter design --- constant power load --- Sliding Mode controlled power module --- zero dynamics stability --- modular multilevel converter --- Lyapunov stability --- dual boost inverter --- step-up inverter --- grid connection --- sliding mode control (SMC) --- power converter --- continuous signal generator --- equivalent control --- AC-DC power converter --- wind energy --- control --- dual-stator winding induction generator --- second order sliding mode


Book
Sliding Mode Control of Power Converters in Renewable Energy Systems
Author:
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Renewable energies are becoming a must to counteract the consequences of the global warming. More efficient devices and better control strategies are required in the generation, transport, and conversion of electricity. Energy is processed by power converters that are currently the key building blocks in modern power distribution systems. The associated electrical architecture is based on buses for energy distribution and uses a great number of converters for interfacing both input and output energy. This book shows that sliding-mode control is contributing to improve the performances of power converters by means of accurate theoretical analyses that result in efficient implementations. The sliding-mode control of power converters for renewable energy applications offers a panoramic view of the most recent uses of this regulation technique in practical cases. By presenting examples that range from dozens of kilowatts to only a few watts, the book covers control solutions for AC–DC and DC–AC generation, power factor correction, multilevel converters, constant-power load supply, wind energy systems, efficient lighting, digital control implementation, multiphase converters, and energy harvesting. The selected examples developed by recognized specialists are illustrated by means of detailed simulations and experiments to help the reader to understand the theoretical approach in each case considered in the book.

Keywords

output regulation --- state feedback --- sliding mode control --- DC-DC power converter --- DC-DC converters --- boost converter --- constant power load (CPL) --- fixed switching frequency --- sliding-mode control --- inrush current mitigation --- Induction Electrodeless Fluorescent Lamps (IEFL) --- High-Intensity Discharge Lamps (HID) --- loss-free resistor (LFR) --- two-loop digital control --- buck converter --- input-output linearization --- PWM --- sliding mode --- DC-DC converter --- multiphase converter --- disturbance observer --- electric vehicles --- power-hardware-in-the-loop --- renewable energy systems --- fast dynamic response --- wind energy conversion system --- series-series-compensated wireless power transfer system --- energy harvesting --- isolated SEPIC converter --- high power factor rectifier --- isolated PFC rectifier --- bridgeless rectifier --- DC distribution bus --- microinverter --- sliding mode control (SMC), self-oscillating system --- two cascaded-boosts converters --- decision making --- design concept --- doubly-fed induction generator --- grid-side converter --- harmonic distortion --- multi-objective optimisation --- second-order sliding-mode control --- tuning --- unbalanced voltage --- wind power generation --- harvesting --- inductive transducer --- loss free resistor --- dc-to-dc converter --- DFIG --- adaptive-gain second-order sliding mode --- direct power control --- balanced and unbalanced grid voltage --- Lyapunov-based filter design --- constant power load --- Sliding Mode controlled power module --- zero dynamics stability --- modular multilevel converter --- Lyapunov stability --- dual boost inverter --- step-up inverter --- grid connection --- sliding mode control (SMC) --- power converter --- continuous signal generator --- equivalent control --- AC-DC power converter --- wind energy --- control --- dual-stator winding induction generator --- second order sliding mode


Book
PV Charging and Storage for Electric Vehicles
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Electric vehicles are only ‘green’ as long as the source of electricity is ‘green’ as well. At the same time, renewable power production suffers from diurnal and seasonal variations, creating the need for energy storage technology. Moreover, overloading and voltage problems are expected in the distributed network due to the high penetration of distributed generation and increased power demand from the charging of electric vehicles. The energy and mobility transition hence calls for novel technological innovations in the field of sustainable electric mobility powered from renewable energy. This Special Issue focuses on recent advances in technology for PV charging and storage for electric vehicles.


Book
Advances in High-Efficiency LLC Resonant Converters
Author:
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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This book covers several research items related to LLC resonant converters, which were published in a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area of "Advances in High-Efficiency LLC Resonant converter". It focuses on emerging power electronic topologies related to the LLC resonant converter, and its design methodology and control algorithms. Topics of interest include LLC resonant topologies, resonant tank design methodology for high efficiency, power loss analysis in LLC resonant converters, high-frequency magnetics for resonant converters, wide band-gap devices applied to LLC resonant converter, and advanced control algorithm for LLC resonant converter.

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