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L'effet utile est un concept mobilisé par toutes les juridictions. C'est pourquoi, cet ouvrage propose une étude transversale dont l'objectif consiste à comparer la manière dont les juridictions internationales, européennes et nationales appréhendent cette notion. Si l'effet utile est connu en tant que méthode d'interprétation, il se prête aussi à d'autres usages. L'approche comparative permet ainsi de révéler les différentes facettes de l'effet utile. Plus fondamentalement, derrière l'invocation de l'effet utile, il s'agit en fait de rechercher qu'elle est l'étendue du pouvoir du juge. Cet ouvrage se saisit de la question de savoir si l'effet utile encadre le pouvoir normatif du juge ou si au contraire il libère le pouvoir créatif du juge.
Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges. --- Droit --- Interprétation.
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Police --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire de la police --- Administration --- Pouvoirs --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire de la police
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Prosecution --- Police discretion --- Corrections --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire de la police --- Decision making. --- Decision making.
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Pouvoir discrétionnaire (droit administratif) --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges --- 35 <44> --- 35 <44> Administratief recht. Bestuursrecht. Openbaar bestuur --(algemeen)--Frankrijk --- Administratief recht. Bestuursrecht. Openbaar bestuur --(algemeen)--Frankrijk --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire (droit administratif) --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges.
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Administrative law --- Law --- United States --- Europe --- Administrative discretion --- Judicial discretion --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges --- United States of America
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The legality principle characterizes all western legal systems, and it has become an integral part of the Western rule of law and the international human rights law. The principle dates back to enlightened jurists such as Cesare Beccaria and to social contract thinkers such as Charles de Secondat de Montesquieu, according to whom judges were to act only as the mouthpiece of the statutory law. Paul Johann Anselm von Feuerbach, the inventor of the famous maxim nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege, developed these thoughts further. The emergence of the legality principle links closely to the teachings on the division of powers. The studies of this volume cover most of Europe from England, Italy and Spain to Sweden, Russia and England, and both the South and North American continents. In most parts of Europe, the nineteenth-century criminal law reforms form an integral part of the ›liberal‹ agenda. These changes took place, however, at different times in different parts of the Western world, and for slightly different reasons. Comparative legal history shows, furthermore, that the roots of the principle date much further back in history than the eighteenth century. Before the formulation of the legality principle, written statutes already played a significant role in the criminal law in many parts of the Western world. The articles of the volume, written by the foremost experts on comparative legal history, demonstrate that the attitudes and practices toward written statutes as sources of criminal law varied greatly from one region to another. In most parts of the European continent judicial arbitration was carefully defined in legal scholarship (Italy, France), whereas in some regions written law played an important role from early on (Sweden). Although the nineteenth century was fundamental in shaping the legality principle, in some countries its breakthrough remained even then far from complete (Russia, the United States).
Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges --- Légalité --- Législation --- Droit pénal --- Criminal procedure --- Criminal law --- Histoire --- History --- Légalité. --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges --- Légalité. --- Législation --- Droit pénal
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Judges --- Judicial discretion --- Judge-made law --- Law --- Juges --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges --- Droit créé par le juge --- Droit --- Philosophy --- Philosophie
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Punishment --- Equality before the law --- Human rights --- Judicial discretion --- Peines --- Egalité devant la loi --- Droits de l'homme (Droit international) --- Pouvoir discrétionnaire des juges
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