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Political parties in the developing world often face serious electoral crises; from one election to the next, parties can be decisively voted out of national office. What happens to a party that experiences this kind of voter rejection? The literature suggests it will disappear, leaving the party system vulnerable to the inexperience of new political actors. The Fates of Political Parties offers a more nuanced perspective: focusing on a number of individual Latin American countries as well as the region as a whole, it identifies considerable variation regarding how parties survive and even revive after an electoral crisis. The book revitalizes the study of parties as complex entities that rely on a potentially diverse set of resources to remain active in politics. It demonstrates that parties can be remarkably enduring institutions; surviving and reviving parties represent instances of institutional stability. Where they endure, those parties can sustain competition and strengthen the democratic regime.

Political parties --- Latin America --- Partidos políticos --- Desarrollo político --- América Latina --- Politics and government. --- Política gubernamental

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A History of the Modern Middle East offers a comprehensive assessment of the region, stretching from the fourteenth century and the founding of the Ottoman and Safavid empires through to the present-day protests and upheavals. The textbook focuses on Turkey, Iran, and the Arab countries of the Middle East, as well as areas often left out of Middle East history—such as the Balkans and the changing roles that Western forces have played in the region for centuries—to discuss the larger contexts and influences on the region's cultural and political development. Enriched by the perspectives of workers and professionals; urban merchants and provincial notables; slaves, students, women, and peasants, as well as political leaders, the book maps the complex social interrelationships and provides a pivotal understanding of the shifting shapes of governance and trajectories of social change in the Middle East. Extensively illustrated with drawings, photographs, and maps, this text skillfully integrates a diverse range of actors and influences to construct a narrative that is at once sophisticated and lucid. A History of the Modern Middle East highlights the region's complexity and variation, countering easy assumptions about the Middle East, those who governed, and those they governed—the rulers, rebels, and rogues who shaped a region.

Middle East --- History --- Politics and government --- History of Asia --- anno 1800-1999 --- Middle East - History - 1517- - Textbooks --- Middle East - Politics and government - Textbooks --- presidents. --- rebels. --- rogues. --- rulers. --- shahs. --- slaves. --- soldiers. --- students. --- sultans. --- workers. --- Medio Oriente --- Historia --- Política gubernamental

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Why do some parties formed by social movements develop top-down structures while others stay more open and responsive to their social bases? The first rigorous comparative study of movement-based parties, this book shows not only how movements can form parties but also how movements contribute to parties' internal politics and shape organizational party models over the long term. Although the existing literature argues that movement-based parties will succumb to professionalization and specialization, Anria shows that this is not inevitable or preordained through an in-depth examination of the unusual and counterintuitive development of Bolivia's MAS. Anria then compares the evolution of the MAS with that of other parties formed by social movements, including Brazil's PT and Uruguay's FA. In a region where successful new parties of any type have been rare, these three parties are remarkable for their success. Yet, despite their similar origins, they differ sharply in their organizational models.

Social movements --- Movimientos sociales --- Movements, Social --- Social history --- Social psychology --- Political aspects --- Aspectos políticos --- Morales Ayma, Evo, --- Morales Ayma, Juan Evo, --- Ayma, Juan Evo Morales, --- Ayma, Evo Morales, --- Morales, Evo, --- Morales Aima, Evo, --- Aima, Evo Morales, --- Movimiento al Socialismo (Bolivia) --- MAS --- Movement Towards Socialism --- MAS-I.P.S.P. --- MAS-IPSP --- Movimiento al Socialismo-Instrumento Político por la Sobernía de los Pueblos --- Bolivia --- Politics and government --- Política gubernamental 1982-2006 --- Política gubernamental

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From the racially segregated 'Jim Crow' US South to the many electoral but hardly democratic local regimes in Argentina and other federal democracies, the political rights of citizens around the world are often curtailed by powerful subnational rulers. Hybrid Regimes within Democracies presents the first comprehensive study of democracy and authoritarianism in all the subnational units of a federation. The book focuses on Argentina, but also contains a comparative chapter that considers seven other federations including Germany, Mexico, and the United States. The in-depth and multidimensional description of subnational regimes in all Argentine provinces is complemented with an innovative explanation for the large differences between those that are democratic and those that are 'hybrid' - complex combinations of democratic and authoritarian elements. Putting forward and testing an original theory of subnational democracy, Gervasoni extends the rentier-state explanatory logic from resource rents to the more general concept of 'fiscal rents', including 'fiscal federalism rents', and from the national to the subnational level.

Provincial governments --- Federal government --- Intergovernmental fiscal relations --- Central-local government relations --- Political corruption --- Democracy --- Authoritarianism --- Corrupción --- Autoritarismo --- Political science --- Authority --- Center-periphery government relations --- Local-central government relations --- Local government-central government relations --- Decentralization in government --- Subnational governments --- Política --- Argentina --- Politics and government. --- Política gubernamental

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Un matrimonio en crisis viaja en coche con sus dos hijos pequeños desde Nueva York hasta Arizona. Ambos son documentalistas y cada uno se concentra en un proyecto propio: él está tras los rastros de la última banda apache en rendirse al poder militar estadounidense; ella busca documentar la diáspora de niños que llegan a la frontera sur del país en busca de asilo.Mientras el coche familiar atraviesa el vasto territorio norteamericano, los dos niños, sentados en el asiento trasero, escuchan las conversaciones e historias de sus padres y a su manera confunden las noticias de la crisis migratoria con el genocidio de los pueblos originarios de Norteamérica. En su imaginación, estas historias se entremezclan, dando lugar a una aventura que es la historia de una familia, un país y un continente.Desierto sonoro, tercera novela de Valeria Luiselli, combina lo mejor de dos grandes tradiciones literarias, la del viaje y la del éxodo: trasiega por el asfalto y atraviesa horizontes desérticos, se detiene en moteles de carretera y penetra en los territorios íntimos de sus personajes, ofreciendo con precisión una serie de instantáneas que retratan las infinitas capas del paisaje geográfico, sonoro, político y espiritual que conforman la realidad contemporánea. Un relato conmovedor y necesario que muestra la fragilidad con que se definen los lazos familiares, indaga en la manera en que documentamos nuestras existencias y pasamos las historias de generación en generación, y se pregunta qué significa ser humano en un mundo cada vez más deshumanizado.

Automobile travel --- Automobile travel. --- Emigración e inmigración --- Emigration and immigration --- FICTION / Family Life / General. --- FICTION / Hispanic & Latino. --- FICTION / Literary. --- Familias. --- Families --- Families. --- Illegal alien children --- Immigrant children --- Niños inmigrantes --- Viajes en automóvil. --- Política gubernamental. --- Government policy. --- Legal status, laws, etc --- Social conditions --- Condiciones sociales --- Situación legal, leyes, etc --- United States --- United States. --- Government policy --- Illegal immigration --- Married people --- Illegal alien children. --- Immigrant children. --- Married people.