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This volume focuses on the biomedical aspects of inorganic polyphosphates, a family of unique bio-inorganic polymers. In recent years, great advances have been made in understanding the development, metabolism, and physiological role of inorganic polyphosphates. These energy-rich polymers, which consist of long chains of phosphate units, are evolutionary old molecules. The acidocalcisomes, conserved organelles from bacteria to humans, as well as the mitochondria play a central role in polyphosphate production and storage. Polyphosphates have been assigned multiple functions, some of which are closely related to medically important processes, such as blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, energy metabolism, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, chaperon function, microvascularization, stress response, neurodegeneration and aging. The development of bioinspired polyphosphate particles, in combination with suitable hydrogel-forming polymers enabled the development of new strategies in regenerative medicine, in particular for hard and soft tissue repair, but also in drug delivery and antimicrobial defense. This book not only highlights the basic research in this area, but also discusses possible applications. Therefore, it appeals to scientists working in cell biology, biochemistry, and biomedicine and practicioners alike.

Polyphosphates. --- Inorganic polyphosphates. --- Biopolymers --- Polyphosphates --- Phosphates --- Regenerative medicine. --- Clinical biochemistry. --- Gels. --- Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. --- Medical Biochemistry. --- Gels and Hydrogels. --- Dispersoids --- Gels --- Hydrogels --- Sols --- Amorphous substances --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Diffusion --- Matter --- Micelles --- Particles --- Rheology --- Solution (Chemistry) --- Surface chemistry --- Medical biochemistry --- Pathobiochemistry --- Pathological biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Pathology --- Medicine --- Regeneration (Biology) --- Properties --- Polímers inorgànics

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This book addresses a broad range of issues concerning microplastic pollution, including microplastic pollution in various environments (freshwater, marine, air and soil); the sources, fate and effects of microplastics; detection systems for microplastic pollution monitoring; green approaches for the synthesis of environmentally friendly polymers; recovery and recycling of marine plastics; wastewater treatment plants as a microplastic entrance route; nanoplastics as emerging pollutants; degradation of plastics in the marine environment; impacts of microplastics on marine life; microplastics: from marine pollution to the human food chain; mitigation of microplastic impacts and innovative solutions; sampling, extraction, purification and identification approaches for microplastics; adsorption and transport of pollutants on and in microplastics; and lastly, the socio-economic and environmental impacts: assessment and risk analysis. In addition to presenting cutting-edge information and highlighting current trends and issues, the book proposes concrete solutions to help face this significant environmental threat. It is chiefly intended for researchers and industry decision-makers; international, national and local institutions; and NGOs, providing them with comprehensive information on the origin of the problem; its effects on marine environments, with a particular focus on the Mediterranean Sea and coasts; and recent and ongoing research activities and projects aimed at finding technical solutions to mitigate the phenomenon. .

Environmental sciences. --- Environmental chemistry. --- Water pollution. --- Polymers  . --- Engineering—Materials. --- Environmental Science and Engineering. --- Environmental Chemistry. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Materials Engineering. --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Macromolecules --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Chemistry, Environmental --- Chemistry --- Ecology --- Environmental science --- Science --- Marine pollution --- Marine environment pollution --- Marine water pollution --- Ocean pollution --- Offshore water pollution --- Sea pollution --- Seawater --- Coastal zone management --- Oceanography --- Water --- Marine resources conservation --- Contaminació de l'aigua --- Microplàstics --- Polímers --- Compostos macromoleculars --- Polímers orgànics --- Polímers sintètics --- Macromolècules --- Biopolímers --- Copolímers --- Elastòmers --- Fluoropolímers --- Làtex sintètic --- Oligòmers --- Poliestirè --- Polímers conductors --- Polímers hidrosolubles --- Polímers ignífugs --- Polímers inorgànics --- Poliuretans --- Partícules de plàstic --- Plàstics --- Aigua contaminada --- Contaminació d'aigües --- Contaminació dels corrents d'aigua --- Contaminació dels cursos d'aigua --- Contaminació dels rius --- Contaminació --- Salut pública --- Contaminació del mar --- Contaminants emergents en l'aigua --- Abastament d'aigua --- Contaminants orgànics de l'aigua