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This volume reviews the evidence regarding the effects of social insurance and social assistance programmes on labour market outcomes and discusses options to improve their design and implementation. The book focuses particularly on middle income countries in Latin America and Asia with a large informal sector.

Social security. --- Insurance, Social --- Insurance, State and compulsory --- Social insurance --- Insurance --- Income maintenance programs --- Labor supply --- Development economics --- Labor policy --- Labor --- State and labor --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Economic development --- Effect of income maintenance programs on --- Government policy --- E-books --- Seguretat social --- Mercat de treball --- Borsa de treball --- Demanda de mà d'obra --- Demanda de treball --- Mercat laboral --- Oferta de mà d'obra --- Oferta de treball --- Oferta laboral --- Població activa --- Treball --- Absentisme laboral --- Atur --- Aturats --- Creació d'ocupació --- Empreses de treball temporal --- Oficines de col·locació --- Previsió de l'ocupació --- Recol·locació laboral --- Mobilitat laboral --- Oferta i demanda --- Orientació professional --- Política laboral --- Recursos humans --- Assegurances obreres --- Assegurances socials --- Estat i assegurances --- Dret social --- Pensions --- Seguretat econòmica --- Assegurances de malaltia --- Indemnitzacions als treballadors --- Subsidi d'atur --- Subsidi de maternitat --- Benestar social --- Pensions no contributives --- Plans de pensions --- Distribució de la renda --- Renda mínima

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Education. --- Children --- Education, Primitive --- Education of children --- Human resource development --- Instruction --- Pedagogy --- Schooling --- Students --- Youth --- Civilization --- Learning and scholarship --- Mental discipline --- Schools --- Teaching --- Training --- Education --- Titulats universitaris --- Treball qualificat --- Mercat de treball --- Vietnam --- Borsa de treball --- Demanda de mà d'obra --- Demanda de treball --- Mercat laboral --- Oferta de mà d'obra --- Oferta de treball --- Oferta laboral --- Població activa --- Treball --- Absentisme laboral --- Atur --- Aturats --- Creació d'ocupació --- Empreses de treball temporal --- Oficines de col·locació --- Previsió de l'ocupació --- Recol·locació laboral --- Mobilitat laboral --- Oferta i demanda --- Orientació professional --- Política laboral --- Recursos humans --- Treballadors qualificats --- Diplomats universitaris --- Professions liberals --- República Socialista del Vietnam --- Cong Hoa Xa Hoi Chu Nghia Viet Nam --- Yüeh-nan --- Viet-Nam --- Vijetnam --- Indoxina --- Cotxinxina (Vietnam) --- Tonquín (Vietnam : Regió) --- Vietnam (República) --- Vietnam (República Democràtica)

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The third edition of this classic text maintains its focus on applications of demographic models, while extending its scope to matrix models for stage-classified populations. The authors first introduce the life table to describe age-specific mortality, and then use it to develop theory for stable populations and the rate of population increase. This theory is then revisited in the context of matrix models, for stage-classified as well as age-classified populations. Reproductive value and the stable equivalent population are introduced in both contexts, and Markov chain methods are presented to describe the movement of individuals through the life cycle. Applications of mathematical demography to population projection and forecasting, kinship, microdemography, heterogeneity, and multi-state models are considered. The new edition maintains and extends the book’s focus on the consequences of changes in the vital rates. Methods are presented for calculating the sensitivity and elasticity of population growth rate, life expectancy, stable stage distribution, and reproductive value, and for applying those results in comparative studies. Stage-classified models are important in both human demography and population ecology, and this edition features examples from both human and non-human populations. In short, this third edition enlarges considerably the scope and power of demography. It will be an essential resource for students and researchers in demography and in animal and plant population ecology. Nathan Keyfitz is Professor Emeritus of Sociology at Harvard University. After holding positions at Canada’s Dominion Bureau of Statistics, the University of Chicago, and the University of California at Berkeley, he became Andelot Professor of Sociology and Demography at Harvard in 1972. After retiring from Harvard, he became Director of the Population Program at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Vienna from 1983 to 1993. Keyfitz is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Society of Canada, and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has received the Mindel Sheps Award of the Population Association of America and the Lazarsfeld Award of the American Sociological Association, and was the 1997 Laureate of the International Union for the Scientific Study of Population. He has written 12 books, including Introduction to the Mathematics of Population (1968) and, with Fr. Wilhelm Flieger, SVD, World Population Growth and Aging: Demographic Trends in the Late Twentieth Century (1990). Hal Caswell is a Senior Scientist in the Biology Department of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, where he holds the Robert W. Morse Chair for Excellence in Oceanography. He is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has held a Maclaurin Fellowship from the New Zealand Institute of Mathematics and its Applications and a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship. His research focuses on mathematical population ecology with applications in conservation biology. He is the author of Matrix Population Models: Construction, Analysis, and Interpretation (2001). .

General ecology and biosociology --- Biomathematics. Biometry. Biostatistics --- ecologie --- demografie --- biomathematica --- Statistical science --- wiskunde --- biostatistiek --- statistiek --- medische statistiek --- milieukunde --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Mathematical statistics --- Demography --- Demography. --- Environmental sciences. --- Ecology. --- Statistics. --- Math. Appl. in Environmental Science. --- Statistics for Life Sciences, Medicine, Health Sciences. --- Statistics for Social Sciences, Humanities, Law. --- Mathematical and Computational Biology. --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Environmental science --- Science --- Historical demography --- Social sciences --- Population --- Vital statistics --- Ecology --- Matrices. --- Matrices --- Mathematical models. --- Data processing. --- Algebra, Matrix --- Cracovians (Mathematics) --- Matrix algebra --- Matrixes (Algebra) --- Algebra, Abstract --- Algebra, Universal --- Demografia --- Models matemàtics --- Models (Matemàtica) --- Models experimentals --- Models teòrics --- Mètodes de simulació --- Anàlisi de sistemes --- Mètode de Montecarlo --- Modelització multiescala --- Models economètrics --- Models lineals (Estadística) --- Models multinivell (Estadística) --- Models no lineals (Estadística) --- Programació (Ordinadors) --- Simulació per ordinador --- Teoria de màquines --- Models biològics --- Ciències socials --- Demografia històrica --- Demografia lingüística --- Fecunditat humana --- Geografia de la població --- Llar --- Mortalitat --- Població activa --- Previsió demogràfica --- Transició demogràfica --- Estadística demogràfica --- Geopolítica --- Població

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Autisme --- Mercat de treball --- Condicions de treball --- Orientació professional --- Orientació ocupacional --- Orientació vocacional --- Assessorament psicològic --- Competències professionals --- Desenvolupament professional --- Educació cooperativa --- Treball a l'estranger --- Reorientació professional --- Pràcticums --- Professions --- Recol·locació laboral --- Ambient en el lloc de treball --- Ambient laboral --- Condicions laborals --- Entorn en el lloc de treball --- Entorn laboral --- Llocs de treball --- Medi ambient de treball --- Enginyeria ambiental --- Ergonomia --- Qualitat de vida en el treball --- Treball --- Maquinària en la indústria --- Vigilància electrònica en el lloc de treball --- Violència en l'àmbit laboral --- Satisfacció en el treball --- Borsa de treball --- Demanda de mà d'obra --- Demanda de treball --- Mercat laboral --- Oferta de mà d'obra --- Oferta de treball --- Oferta laboral --- Població activa --- Absentisme laboral --- Atur --- Aturats --- Creació d'ocupació --- Empreses de treball temporal --- Oficines de col·locació --- Previsió de l'ocupació --- Mobilitat laboral --- Oferta i demanda --- Política laboral --- Recursos humans --- Psicopatologia infantil --- Psiquiatria infantil --- Trastorns del desenvolupament --- Trastorns de l'espectre autista --- Infants autistes --- Síndrome d'Asperger --- Autistic people --- Employment. --- Autism --- Developmentally disabled --- Patients

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This book offers a comprehensive empirical analysis of educational inequalities and their consequences on individual labour market outcomes for men and women in France and Germany, two countries with different education systems. Using microdata of either country, the analyses mainly rely on econometric methods. After a detailed comparison of the French and the German education systems, the social determinants of school and post-school attainment are analysed. Then, the extent to which education reduces the unemployment risk is examined, distinguishing between risk of entering unemployment, unemployment duration and recurrence of unemployment episodes. Finally, evidence is given on the impact of education on individual earnings prospects.

Economics/Management Science. --- Labor Economics. --- Econometrics. --- Sociology. --- Economics. --- Labor economics. --- Economie politique --- Econométrie --- Economie du travail --- Sociologie --- Education -- Economic aspects -- France. --- Labor market -- France. --- Labor market -- Germany. --- Labor market --- Education --- Business & Economics --- Labor & Workers' Economics --- Economic aspects --- DE / Germany - Duitsland - Allemagne --- FR / France - Frankrijk --- 332.0 --- 332.86 --- 470 --- Arbeid en arbeiders. Algemeenheden. Algemene werken en handboeken. --- Beroepsvorming en -keuze. Kredieturen. --- Openbaar onderwijs: algemeenheden. --- Children --- Education, Primitive --- Education of children --- Human resource development --- Instruction --- Pedagogy --- Schooling --- Students --- Youth --- Sociology, general. --- Social theory --- Social sciences --- Economics --- Economics, Mathematical --- Statistics --- Civilization --- Learning and scholarship --- Mental discipline --- Schools --- Teaching --- Training --- Arbeid en arbeiders. Algemeenheden. Algemene werken en handboeken --- Beroepsvorming en -keuze. Kredieturen --- Openbaar onderwijs: algemeenheden --- Igualtat d'oportunitats educatives --- Mercat de treball --- Economia del treball --- Models economètrics --- Educació comparada --- França --- Alemanya --- Economia laboral --- Economia --- Borsa de treball --- Demanda de mà d'obra --- Demanda de treball --- Mercat laboral --- Oferta de mà d'obra --- Oferta de treball --- Oferta laboral --- Població activa --- Treball --- Absentisme laboral --- Atur --- Aturats --- Creació d'ocupació --- Empreses de treball temporal --- Oficines de col·locació --- Previsió de l'ocupació --- Recol·locació laboral --- Mobilitat laboral --- Oferta i demanda --- Orientació professional --- Política laboral --- Recursos humans --- Accés a l'educació --- Democratització de l'ensenyament --- Desigualtat d'oportunitats educatives --- Educació igualitària --- Finalitats de l'educació --- Dret a l'educació --- Educació compensatòria --- Desigualtat social --- Escola única --- Pedagogia comparada --- Educació --- Antropologia educativa --- Educació internacional --- Models econòmics --- Econometria --- Models matemàtics --- Bundesrepublik Deutschland --- Deutschland --- Europa occidental --- Països de la Unió Europea --- Països de parla alemanya --- Baden-Württemberg (Alemanya) --- Baixa Saxònia (Alemanya) --- Baviera (Alemanya) --- Berlín (Alemanya) --- Brandenburg (Alemanya) --- Bremen (Alemanya) --- Hamburg (Alemanya) --- Hessen (Alemanya) --- Rin del Nord-Westfàlia (Alemanya) --- Saarland (Alemanya) --- Alemanya (República Democràtica) --- Alemanya (República Federal) --- Germània --- Sacre Imperi Romanogermànic --- République Française --- Alsàcia (França) --- Alta Normandia (França) --- Ardenes --- Alvèrnia (França) --- Argonne (França) --- Aquitània (França) --- Baixa Normandia (França) --- Borgonya (França) --- Bretanya (França) --- Centre (França) --- Còrsega (França) --- Dordonya (França : Curs d'aigua) --- Durance (França : Curs d'aigua) --- Franc Comtat (França) --- França del Sud --- Gâtinais (França) --- Illa de França (França) --- Llemosí (França) --- Llenguadoc-Rosselló (França) --- Lleó, Golf del (França) --- Lorena (França) --- Martinica --- Massís Central (França) --- Migdia-Pirineus (França) --- Nord-Pas-de-Calais (França) --- País del Loira (França) --- Parc national des Ecrins (França) --- París (França : Conca) --- Picardia (França) --- Provença-Alps-Costa Blava (França) --- Roine-Alps (França) --- Savoia (Europa : Regió històrica) --- Vosges (França : Serralada) --- Xampanya-Ardenes (França) --- Gàl·lia