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Plutonium as fuel --- Reactor fuel reprocessing --- Plutonium

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Although the recycling of plutonium as thermal mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel in pressurised water reactors (PWRs) is now well-established on a commercial scale, many physics questions remain. The main question addressed in this report is the number of times plutonium can effectively be recycled in a PWR. This report describes in particular an exercise based on a realistic, multiple-recycle scenario, which followed plutonium through five generations of recycling in a PWR. It considered both a standard PWR design currently in use and a highly moderated design. The latter is a possible option for a dedicated, MOX-fuelled PWR in which it would be possible to optimise the moderation for plutonium. The study of these two designs in parallel has provided a better understanding of their relative merits, as well as insight into the limitations of multiple recycling and the long-term toxicity of fission products and actinides.

Plutonium -- Recycling. --- Plutonium as fuel. --- Reactor fuel reprocessing. --- Plutonium --- Recycling. --- Transuranium elements --- Transplutonium elements

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Plutonium as fuel --- Plutonium --- Radioactive pollution --- Space vehicles --- Toxicology --- Nuclear power plants --- Environmental aspects

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The OECD/NEA Working Party on the Physics of Plutonium Fuels and Innovative Fuel Cycles (WPPR) conducted a physics code benchmark test for the recycling of plutonium as PuO2/UO2 mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel in boiling water reactors (BWRs) compared to pressurised water reactors (PWRs). This volume reports on the benchmark results and conclusions that can be drawn from it.

Plutonium as fuel. --- Reactor fuel reprocessing. --- Nuclear reactor fuel reprocessing --- Reprocessing of nuclear fuels --- Spent reactor fuel processing --- Fission products --- Nuclear fuels --- Waste products --- Accelerator-driven systems

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Following recent disarmament agreements, the Russian Federation and the USA have declared part of their stockpiles of weapons-grade plutonium as a surplus to their national defense needs. This material needs to be disposed of, and one of the suggested means of doing so is burning it in existing reactors and transforming the material into spent fuel. The experience in these two countries with mixed oxide fuel (MOX) is either dated or scarce. Several European countries and Japan, however, have acquired much experience in using MOX fuel in reactors which was shared at this important workshop. This publication presents the workshop results which reviewed existing technical information from the civil nuclear power programmes that are beneficial to weapons-grade plutonium disposition. It also proposes concrete actions that could help expedite this process in the near future.

Nuclear Energy --- Plutonium as fuel --- Radioactive waste disposal --- Mixed oxide fuels (Nuclear engineering) --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Nuclear Engineering --- France --- MOX (Nuclear fuels) --- Nuclear fuels --- Plutonium (Combustible) --- Déchets radioactifs --- MOX (Combustibles nucléaires) --- Congresses --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- Elimination