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Book
Magnetic reconnection : a modern synthesis of theory, experiment, and observations
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ISBN: 0691232989 Year: 2022 Publisher: Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press,

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Abstract

The essential introduction to magnetic reconnection—written by a leading pioneer of the fieldPlasmas comprise more than 99 percent of the visible universe; and, wherever plasmas are, magnetic reconnection occurs. In this common and yet incompletely understood physical process, oppositely directed magnetic fields in a plasma meet, break, and then reconnect, converting the huge amounts of energy stored in magnetic fields into kinetic and thermal energy. In Magnetic Reconnection, Masaaki Yamada offers an illuminating synthesis of modern research and advances on this important topic. Magnetic reconnection produces such phenomena as solar flares and the northern lights, and occurs in nuclear fusion devices. A better understanding of this crucial cosmic activity is essential to comprehending the universe and varied technological applications, such as satellite communications. Most of our knowledge of magnetic reconnection comes from theoretical and computational models and laboratory experiments, but space missions launched in recent years have added up-close observation and measurements to researchers’ tools. Describing the fundamental physics of magnetic reconnection, Yamada connects the theory with the latest results from laboratory experiments and space-based observations, including the Magnetic Reconnection Experiment (MRX) and the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) Mission. He concludes by considering outstanding problems and laying out a road map for future research.Aimed at advanced graduate students and researchers in plasma astrophysics, solar physics, and space physics, Magnetic Reconnection provides cutting-edge information vital area of scientific investigation.

Keywords

Magnetic reconnection. --- SCIENCE / Physics / Magnetism. --- Acceleration. --- Accretion disk. --- Ampere. --- Annihilation. --- Astrophysical plasma. --- Astrophysics. --- Bremsstrahlung. --- Collision frequency. --- Collisionality. --- Coronal loop. --- Coronal mass ejection. --- Coulomb collision. --- Current density. --- Current sheet. --- Cyclotron. --- Debye length. --- Diffusion layer. --- Dissipation. --- Drift velocity. --- Dynamo theory. --- Electric field. --- Electrical resistivity and conductivity. --- Electron temperature. --- Electrostatics. --- Energy transformation. --- Experimental physics. --- Fermi acceleration. --- Feynman diagram. --- Field effect (semiconductor). --- Field line. --- Fine structure. --- Flux tube. --- Fusion power. --- Gauge theory. --- Gyroradius. --- Hall effect. --- Inductance. --- Induction equation. --- Instability. --- Interferometry. --- Ion acoustic wave. --- Ionization. --- Kinetic theory of gases. --- Kink instability. --- Landau damping. --- Langmuir probe. --- Length scale. --- Lorentz force. --- Madison Symmetric Torus. --- Magnetar. --- Magnetic confinement fusion. --- Magnetic diffusivity. --- Magnetic dipole. --- Magnetic energy. --- Magnetic field. --- Magnetic flux. --- Magnetic helicity. --- Magnetization. --- Magnetohydrodynamics. --- Magnetopause. --- Magnetosheath. --- Magnetosonic wave. --- Magnetosphere. --- Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. --- Mean free path. --- Momentum transfer. --- Neutral beam injection. --- Nonlinear optics. --- Nuclear fusion. --- Paramagnetism. --- Particle physics. --- Pitch angle (particle motion). --- Plasma (physics). --- Plasma acceleration. --- Plasma oscillation. --- Plasma parameter. --- Plasma parameters. --- Plasma stability. --- Plasmoid. --- Quadrupole. --- Relativistic plasma. --- Reversed field pinch. --- Safety factor (plasma physics). --- Scattering. --- Skin effect. --- Solar flare. --- Spacecraft. --- Spatial scale. --- Spheromak. --- Stark effect. --- Substorm. --- Synchrotron radiation. --- Thermodynamic equilibrium. --- Thomson scattering. --- Tokamak. --- Two-dimensional space. --- Van Allen radiation belt. --- Weibel instability. --- X-ray. --- Annihilation, Magnetic field --- Magnetic field annihilation --- Magnetic field line merging --- Merging, Magnetic field line --- Reconnection, Magnetic --- Reconnection (Astronomy) --- Astrophysics --- Geophysics --- Magnetic fields


Book
PDE control of string-actuated motion
Authors: ---
ISBN: 0691233500 1523158255 Year: 2022 Publisher: Princeton, N. J. : Princeton University Press,

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New adaptive and event-triggered control designs with concrete applications in undersea construction, offshore drilling, and cable elevatorsControl applications in undersea construction, cable elevators, and offshore drilling present major methodological challenges because they involve PDE systems (cables and drillstrings) of time-varying length, coupled with ODE systems (the attached loads or tools) that usually have unknown parameters and unmeasured states. In PDE Control of String-Actuated Motion, Ji Wang and Miroslav Krstic develop control algorithms for these complex PDE-ODE systems evolving on time-varying domains.Motivated by physical systems, the book’s algorithms are designed to operate, with rigorous mathematical guarantees, in the presence of real-world challenges, such as unknown parameters, unmeasured distributed states, environmental disturbances, delays, and event-triggered implementations. The book leverages the power of the PDE backstepping approach and expands its scope in many directions.Filled with theoretical innovations and comprehensive in its coverage, PDE Control of String-Actuated Motion provides new design tools and mathematical techniques with far-reaching potential in adaptive control, delay systems, and event-triggered control.

Keywords

Boundary value problems. --- Cables --- Control theory. --- Differential equations, Partial. --- Equations of motion. --- Loads (Mechanics) --- Loads (Mechanics). --- SCIENCE / Mechanics / Dynamics. --- Vibration. --- Strains and stresses --- Boundary conditions (Differential equations) --- Differential equations --- Functions of complex variables --- Mathematical physics --- Initial value problems --- Motion equations --- Mechanics --- Lagrange equations --- Partial differential equations --- Dynamics --- Machine theory --- Accelerometer. --- Actuator. --- Adaptive control. --- Aircraft. --- Algorithm. --- Altitude. --- Ammeter. --- Amplitude. --- Angle of attack. --- Attitude control. --- Belt (mechanical). --- Bending. --- Buoyancy. --- Cape Crozier. --- Center of mass (relativistic). --- Center of pressure (fluid mechanics). --- Centrality. --- Centrifugal force. --- Chemical bond. --- Coanda effect. --- Combination. --- Compressibility. --- Contact force. --- Contour line. --- Control limits. --- Control reversal. --- Control variable. --- Convection. --- Coordinate system. --- Coupling. --- Drill bit. --- Dynamic pressure. --- Eigenfunction. --- Elastic instability. --- Elevon. --- Empennage. --- Equation. --- Flapper valve. --- Flight control surfaces. --- Force. --- Frequency domain. --- Frequency response. --- Fuselage. --- Gangway (nautical). --- Hamilton's principle. --- Imagery. --- Increment and decrement operators. --- Inference. --- Initial condition. --- Inspection. --- Laminar flow. --- Limit load (physics). --- Limit set. --- Linearization. --- Longitudinal mode. --- Loop around. --- Mach number. --- Main effect. --- Motion control. --- Motion planning. --- Newton's laws of motion. --- Open loop. --- Order of magnitude. --- Partial differential equation. --- Pitch angle (particle motion). --- Powered lift. --- Pressure. --- Propulsion. --- Publishing. --- Requirement. --- Rotation around a fixed axis. --- Shackle. --- Shear flow. --- Simultaneity. --- Skin friction drag. --- Solver. --- Specific impulse. --- Spiral model. --- Spline interpolation. --- State-space representation. --- Subroutine. --- Thrust vectoring. --- Torsion (mechanics). --- Torsional vibration. --- Trajectory. --- Transfer function. --- Transformation matrix. --- Transonic. --- Unit vector. --- Upper and lower bounds. --- Vector field. --- Vector projection. --- Vertical stabilizer. --- Vestibular system. --- Vibration control. --- Wind tunnel. --- Wire rope. --- SCIENCE / Mechanics / Dynamics --- MATHEMATICS / Applied

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