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By the end of the eighteenth century, politicians in America and France were invoking the natural rights of man to wrest sovereignty away from kings and lay down universal basic entitlements. Exactly how and when did "rights" come to justify such measures? In On the Spirit of Rights, Dan Edelstein answers this question by examining the complex genealogy of the rights regimes enshrined in the American and French Revolutions. With a lively attention to detail, he surveys a sprawling series of debates among rulers, jurists, philosophers, political reformers, writers, and others, who were all engaged in laying the groundwork for our contemporary systems of constitutional governance. Every seemingly new claim about rights turns out to be a variation on a theme, as late medieval notions were subtly repeated and refined to yield the talk of "rights" we recognize today. From the Wars of Religion to the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen to the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, On the Spirit of Rights is a sweeping tour through centuries of European intellectual history and an essential guide to our ways of thinking about human rights today.
Human rights --- Natural law --- Human rights --- Human rights --- History. --- History. --- History. --- History. --- American Revolution. --- Declaration of rights. --- Enlightenment. --- French Revolution. --- Physiocracy. --- human rights. --- natural constitutionalism. --- natural law. --- natural rights. --- social naturalism.
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In the face of Earth's environmental breakdown, it is clear that technological innovation alone won't save our planet. A more radical approach is required, one that involves profound changes in individual and collective behaviour. 'Utopianism for a Dying Planet' examines the ways the expansive history of utopian thought, from its origins in ancient Sparta and ideas of the Golden Age through to today's thinkers, can offer moral and imaginative guidance in the face of catastrophe. The utopian tradition, which has been critical of conspicuous consumption and luxurious indulgence, might light a path to a society that emphasizes equality, sociability, and sustainability.
HISTORY / Modern / General. --- Environmentalism. --- Utopian socialism. --- Socialism, Utopian --- Socialism --- Environmental movement --- Social movements --- Anti-environmentalism --- Greenwashing --- Sustainable living --- Age of Enlightenment. --- All Souls' Day. --- Apollonian and Dionysian. --- Asceticism. --- Astrology. --- Atheism. --- Beyond Freedom and Dignity. --- Capitalism. --- Carbon footprint. --- Celebrity. --- Clothing. --- Commodity. --- Conspiracy theory. --- Consumerism. --- Counterculture. --- Dystopia. --- Earth Day. --- Ecocide. --- Ecofascism. --- Economic liberalism. --- Ecovillage. --- End of history. --- Environmental economics. --- Environmentalist. --- Epicureanism. --- Ethos. --- Facebook. --- Fiction. --- Fossil fuel. --- Fossil-fuel power station. --- Frank Lloyd Wright. --- Freedom From. --- Future of the Earth. --- Gas lighting. --- Gasoline. --- Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft. --- Global warming. --- Gnosticism. --- Golden Age. --- Good and evil. --- Greenhouse gas. --- Heterotopia (space). --- Imaginary voyage. --- Insurance. --- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. --- James Tully (philosopher). --- Job guarantee. --- Karl Mannheim. --- Late capitalism. --- Liberal democracy. --- Libertarian Party (United States). --- Martyr. --- Marxism. --- Maxwell's demon. --- Melting. --- Methane (data page). --- New Utopia. --- Nuclear power. --- Nuclear weapon. --- Nuclear winter. --- Pensioner. --- Petrus Camper. --- Physiocracy. --- Planetes. --- Progressivism. --- Prosperity Without Growth. --- Ralph Waldo Emerson. --- Reform movement. --- Reincarnation. --- Relativism. --- Renewable energy. --- Renewable fuels. --- Restitution. --- Retirement. --- Save the Planet. --- Science fiction studies. --- Science fiction. --- Slavery. --- Southern Europe. --- Technological fix. --- The Angel of the Revolution. --- The Last Stage. --- The Most Extreme. --- The Revenge of Gaia. --- The Road to Serfdom. --- The World Without Us. --- Theodor W. Adorno. --- Theory. --- Thorstein Veblen. --- Totalitarianism. --- Urban revolution. --- Utopia. --- Utopian and dystopian fiction. --- Utopian studies. --- Veganism. --- Victory garden. --- Viewing (funeral). --- Wealth. --- World peace. --- Utopias.
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The unlikely story of how Americans canonized Adam Smith as the patron saint of free marketsOriginally published in 1776, Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations was lauded by America's founders as a landmark work of Enlightenment thinking about national wealth, statecraft, and moral virtue. Today, Smith is one of the most influential icons of economic thought in America. Glory Liu traces how generations of Americans have read, reinterpreted, and weaponized Smith's ideas, revealing how his popular image as a champion of American-style capitalism and free markets is a historical invention. Drawing on a trove of illuminating archival materials, Liu tells the story of how an unassuming Scottish philosopher captured the American imagination and played a leading role in shaping American economic and political ideas. She shows how Smith became known as the father of political economy in the nineteenth century and was firmly associated with free trade, and how, in the aftermath of the Great Depression, the Chicago School of Economics transformed him into the preeminent theorist of self-interest and the miracle of free markets. Liu explores how a new generation of political theorists and public intellectuals has sought to recover Smith's original intentions and restore his reputation as a moral philosopher. Charting the enduring fascination that this humble philosopher from Scotland has held for American readers over more than two centuries, Adam Smith's America shows how Smith continues to be a vehicle for articulating perennial moral and political anxieties about modern capitalism.
Philosophy. --- Economics --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- History. --- Smith, Adam, --- United States --- Economic policy --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Smith, Adam --- Economic policy. --- Economic conditions. --- A Monetary History of the United States. --- Ambivalence. --- American Capitalism. --- American Enlightenment. --- American System (economic plan). --- American Thinker. --- Anna Schwartz. --- Bruno Hildebrand. --- Buoy. --- Buton. --- Capitalism. --- Chicago school of economics. --- Christian Kabbalah. --- Constantine IV. --- Corippus. --- E. P. Thompson. --- Early modern period. --- Ecclesiastical Latin. --- Economics. --- Economist. --- Economy. --- Essay. --- Ethics. --- Family resemblance. --- Forgotten man. --- Francis Fukuyama. --- Frank Hahn. --- Fraud. --- Free trade. --- Friedrich List. --- Fritz Saxl. --- Gilded Age. --- Greek fire. --- Historical figure. --- Hypothesis. --- Ideology. --- International trade. --- Interpersonal relationship. --- Invisible hand. --- Isaac Casaubon. --- Jacob Viner. --- James Tassie. --- Jewish history. --- Jewish studies. --- John Bates Clark. --- John Maynard Keynes. --- Kanji. --- Labor theory of value. --- Laissez-faire. --- Lateran. --- Learning. --- Lecture. --- Liberty Fund. --- Lifestyle (sociology). --- Lighting. --- Lionel Robbins. --- Marquis de Condorcet. --- Mercantilism. --- Michael Burawoy. --- Michael Freeden. --- Michael Polanyi. --- Milton Friedman. --- Moral economy. --- Muslim world. --- Neoliberalism. --- Occupy movement. --- Opportunity cost. --- Persuasion. --- Physiocracy. --- Policy advocacy. --- Political economy. --- Politics. --- Progress and Poverty. --- Propaganda. --- Protectionism. --- Raymond Geuss. --- Re-Define. --- Retirement. --- Richard T. Ely. --- Robert Nozick. --- Roman Law. --- Ronald L. Meek. --- Scottish Enlightenment. --- Self-interest. --- Sexual desire. --- Social phenomenon. --- Suggestion. --- Tariff of 1824. --- Tariff. --- The Philosopher. --- The Price of Admission. --- The Road to Serfdom. --- The Theory of Moral Sentiments. --- The Wealth of Nations. --- Thomas Robert Malthus. --- Treatise. --- Utilitarianism. --- Wealth. --- Whiggism. --- Willibald.
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"This book is the third in a trilogy that looks at the cultural history of Prague in order to tell the larger story of competing notions of European modernity-Reformation and Counter-Reformation, empire and nation, fascism and democracy-as they all played out on a single stage. This volume begins in 1938, when Czechoslovakia was dismembered by the Munich agreement and shortly before the invasion of the Third Reich, and it runs until the present day, when liberal democracy appears to be giving way to right-wing populism (as in much of the world). Like the previous volumes in the series, it sees Prague as a palimpsest of the cultures that overtook it-cultures that aimed to impose their own visions of modernity on the city. In this book, Sayer charts three major "modernities:" the Third Reich's brutal totalitarianism, the shifting face of Soviet communism, and the supposed freedoms of Western capitalist democracy. In Sayer's reading, the Nazis, Soviets, and Western democrats each believed that Prague had reached the end of history, that it had achieved "the final form of human government" (in Fukuyama's words). All were proved spectacularly wrong. As these political movements disintegrated, they returned the city to a state of banal surreality that Czech dissidents in the 1960s dubbed Absurdistan. Putting the notion of Absurdistan at the center of his story, Sayer engages with artists, creators and the things they produced, which unsparingly revealed the absurdity of the "modern" world and its notions of progress. He explores the work of Milan Kundera, Miloš Forman, Václav Havel, and many others lesser known in the Anglophone world. He examines the tradition of vulgar absurdist comedy beginning with Kafka, and he shows how Prague's cultural products have been marked by persistent moral ambiguity, or in Kundera's words, "the intoxicating relativity of human things," since the mid-century. The overarching argument of this book is that, by looking to Prague's cultural history, we can see that modernity has never been a single or stable notion, and as different ideologies of modernity have come head-to-head, they have produced a rich culture of ambiguity and absurdity. We published the first two books in the trilogy, The Coasts of Bohemia: A Czech History (1998), which spanned the 18th to the turn of the 20th century, and Prague, Capital of the Twentieth Century (2013), which looked at modernism and revolutionary thinking in Prague in the first half of the 20th century. Both books did well, and Prague, Capital of the Twentieth Century won the prestigious George L. Mosse Prize for European cultural and intellectual history from the American Historical Association"--
Prague (Czech Republic) --- Civilization --- 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état. --- Absurdistan. --- Adolf Eichmann. --- Adolf Hitler. --- Allen Ginsberg. --- Anschluss. --- Arid. --- Bankruptcy. --- Bohumil Hrabal. --- Byzantine Empire. --- Cactus. --- Central Committee. --- Charles Darwin. --- Charter 77. --- Closely Watched Trains. --- Colonization. --- Conrad Veidt. --- Constantinople. --- Czechoslovak Hockey Riots. --- Czechoslovakia. --- Czechs. --- Diego Rivera. --- Distant Journey. --- Dora Diamant. --- Ecology. --- Economics. --- Egon Bondy. --- El Niño–Southern Oscillation. --- Endemism. --- Epiphyte. --- Essay. --- Franz Kafka. --- Franz Werfel. --- Geology. --- Germans. --- Gestapo. --- Giant tortoise. --- Gulag. --- Hadrian. --- Heinrich Himmler. --- Heinrich Mann. --- Honza. --- Hussites. --- Iconoclasm. --- Illustration. --- International Students' Day. --- Jan Masaryk. --- Jan Palach. --- Jews. --- Joseph Stalin. --- Karel Gott. --- Karel Teige. --- Karl Marx. --- Kitsch. --- Klement Gottwald. --- Le Corbusier. --- Lecture. --- Libri Carolini. --- Lidice. --- Mangrove. --- Max Brod. --- Milan Kundera. --- Milton Friedman. --- Modernity. --- Money laundering. --- Nazi Party. --- Nazism. --- Newspaper. --- Nikephoros (Caesar). --- Ocean current. --- On the Origin of Species. --- Opuntia. --- Pavel Kohout. --- Physiocracy. --- Poetry. --- Politics. --- Prague Spring. --- Presidium. --- Reinhard Heydrich. --- Samizdat. --- Scalesia. --- Slavery. --- Slovakia. --- Socialist realism. --- South America. --- Soviet Union. --- Sudeten Germans. --- Surrealism. --- Tariff. --- The Book of Laughter and Forgetting. --- The Other Hand. --- The Power of the Powerless. --- The Theory of Moral Sentiments. --- The Voyage of the Beagle. --- The Wealth of Nations. --- V. --- Wealth. --- Wenceslas Square. --- World War II. --- Writing.
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