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The authors of Complex Worlds from Simpler Nervous Systems explain how animals with small, often minuscule, nervous systems--jumping spiders, bees, praying mantids, toads, and others--are not the simple "reflex machines" they were once thought to be. Because these animals live in the same world as do much larger species, they must meet the same environmental challenges. They do so by constructing complex perceptual worlds within which they can weigh options, make decisions, integrate unique experiences, apply complex algorithms, and execute plans--and they must do this with thousands rather than the billions of neurons necessary for their larger counterparts. The authors of each chapter, leading neuroscientists and animal behaviorists, present their research in ways that allow the reader to understand this process from the animal's perspective. The first of the book's three parts, "Creating Visual Worlds: Using Abstract Representations and Algorithms," examines the visual worlds of jumping spiders, honeybees, praying mantids, and toads. Part II, "Enhancing the Visual Basics: Using Color and Polarization," explores color vision and light polarization perception in honeybees, butterflies, crayfish, mantis shrimps, and octopuses. The final part, "Out of Sight: Creating Extravisual Worlds," examines the complex integration of visual and mechanosensory information in the cockroach and the unique auditory world of the unusual bladder grasshopper. All of these fascinating stories can be read both for what they teach us about the perceptual worlds of little animals, and for what they suggest about the general organizing principles of all central nervous systems, both "simple" and complex.

Cognition in animals. --- Learning in animals. --- Animal behavior. --- Visual Perception --- Behavior, Animal. --- Vision, Ocular --- Sensation --- Light Signal Transduction --- Ocular Physiological Processes --- Behavior --- Perception --- Psychophysiology --- Ocular Physiological Phenomena --- Signal Transduction --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Nervous System Physiological Processes --- Mental Processes --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biochemical Processes --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomena --- Cell Physiological Processes --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Chemical Processes --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena --- Chemical Phenomena --- Behavior, Animal --- Zoology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Animal Behavior --- physiology. --- Animal Behaviors --- Behaviors, Animal --- Light Signal Transduction, Visual --- Ocular Vision --- Visual Light Signal Transduction --- Visual Phototransduction --- Visual Transduction --- Vision --- Phototransduction, Visual --- Transduction, Visual --- Perception, Visual --- Perceptions, Visual --- Visual Perceptions --- Chemical Phenomenon --- Chemical Process --- Physical Chemistry Phenomena --- Physical Chemistry Process --- Physicochemical Phenomenon --- Physicochemical Process --- Chemical Concepts --- Physical Chemistry Concepts --- Physical Chemistry Processes --- Physicochemical Concepts --- Physicochemical Phenomena --- Physicochemical Processes --- Chemical Concept --- Chemistry Process, Physical --- Chemistry Processes, Physical --- Concept, Chemical --- Concept, Physical Chemistry --- Concept, Physicochemical --- Concepts, Chemical --- Concepts, Physical Chemistry --- Concepts, Physicochemical --- Phenomena, Chemical --- Phenomena, Physical Chemistry --- Phenomena, Physicochemical --- Phenomenon, Chemical --- Phenomenon, Physicochemical --- Physical Chemistry Concept --- Physicochemical Concept --- Process, Chemical --- Process, Physical Chemistry --- Process, Physicochemical --- Processes, Chemical --- Processes, Physical Chemistry --- Processes, Physicochemical --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Concepts --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomenon --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiology --- Biochemical Concepts --- Biochemical Phenomenon --- Biochemical Process --- Phenomena, Biochemical --- Biochemical Concept --- Concept, Biochemical --- Concepts, Biochemical --- Phenomenon, Biochemical --- Process, Biochemical --- Processes, Biochemical --- Cell Physiological Phenomenon --- Cell Physiological Process --- Physiology, Cell --- Cell Physiology --- Phenomena, Cell Physiological --- Phenomenon, Cell Physiological --- Physiological Process, Cell --- Physiological Processes, Cell --- Process, Cell Physiological --- Processes, Cell Physiological --- Cells --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Human Information Processing --- Information Processing, Human --- Nervous System Physiological Concepts --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomenon --- Nervous System Physiological Process --- Physiology, Nervous System --- Nervous System Physiologic Processes --- Nervous System Physiology --- System Physiology, Nervous --- Nervous System --- Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction --- Signal Transduction Pathways --- Signal Transduction Systems --- Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction --- Signal Pathways --- Pathway, Signal --- Pathway, Signal Transduction --- Pathways, Signal --- Pathways, Signal Transduction --- Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions --- Signal Pathway --- Signal Transduction Pathway --- Signal Transduction System --- Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated --- Signal Transductions --- Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated --- System, Signal Transduction --- Systems, Signal Transduction --- Transduction, Signal --- Transductions, Signal --- Eye Physiology --- Ocular Physiologic Process --- Ocular Physiological Concepts --- Ocular Physiological Phenomenon --- Ocular Physiological Process --- Physiology of the Eye --- Physiology, Ocular --- Visual Physiology --- Ocular Physiologic Processes --- Ocular Physiology --- Concept, Ocular Physiological --- Concepts, Ocular Physiological --- Ocular Physiological Concept --- Phenomena, Ocular Physiological --- Phenomenon, Ocular Physiological --- Physiologic Process, Ocular --- Physiologic Processes, Ocular --- Physiological Concept, Ocular --- Physiological Concepts, Ocular --- Physiological Process, Ocular --- Physiological Processes, Ocular --- Physiology, Eye --- Physiology, Visual --- Process, Ocular Physiologic --- Process, Ocular Physiological --- Processes, Ocular Physiologic --- Processes, Ocular Physiological --- Eye --- Mind-Body Relationship (Physiology) --- Physiologic Psychology --- Physiological Psychology --- Psychology, Physiologic --- Mind-Body Relations (Physiology) --- Psychology, Physiological --- Mind Body Relations (Physiology) --- Mind Body Relationship (Physiology) --- Mind-Body Relation (Physiology) --- Mind-Body Relationships (Physiology) --- Physiologic Psychologies --- Psychologies, Physiologic --- Relation, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relations, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relationship, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relationships, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Perceptions --- Acceptance Process --- Acceptance Processes --- Behaviors --- Process, Acceptance --- Processes, Acceptance --- Phototransduction --- Signal Transduction, Light --- Transduction, Light Signal --- Organoleptic --- Sensory Function --- Function, Sensory --- Functions, Sensory --- Sensations --- Sensory Functions --- Animals --- Animals, Habits and behavior of --- Ethology --- Animal learning --- Animal cognition --- physiology --- Ophthalmology --- Molecular Biology --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Cell Communication --- Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell --- Receptor Cross-Talk --- Feedback, Physiological --- Gasotransmitters --- Psychosomatic Medicine --- Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical --- Photoreceptors, Plant --- Animal psychology --- Ethologists --- Psychology, Comparative --- Animal intelligence --- Cell Signaling --- NEUROSCIENCE/General --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General

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Ophthalmic lenses. --- Physiological optics. --- Physical optics. --- Geometrical optics. --- Optics and Photonics --- Lenses. --- Refraction, Ocular. --- Optometry --- Vision, Ocular --- Ophthalmic lenses --- Physiological optics --- Physical optics --- Geometrical optics --- Light Signal Transduction --- Health Occupations --- Sensation --- Engineering --- Optical Devices --- Ocular Physiological Processes --- Physics --- Nervous System Physiological Processes --- Ocular Physiological Phenomena --- Signal Transduction --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Equipment and Supplies --- Psychophysiology --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biochemical Processes --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Cell Physiological Processes --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Chemical Processes --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Chemical Phenomena --- Lenses --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Ophthalmology & Optometry --- methods. --- physiology. --- Optometries --- Light Signal Transduction, Visual --- Ocular Vision --- Visual Light Signal Transduction --- Visual Phototransduction --- Visual Transduction --- Vision --- Phototransduction, Visual --- Transduction, Visual --- Eye --- Ophthalmology --- Visual Perception --- Chemical Phenomenon --- Chemical Process --- Physical Chemistry Phenomena --- Physical Chemistry Process --- Physicochemical Phenomenon --- Physicochemical Process --- Chemical Concepts --- Physical Chemistry Concepts --- Physical Chemistry Processes --- Physicochemical Concepts --- Physicochemical Phenomena --- Physicochemical Processes --- Chemical Concept --- Chemistry Process, Physical --- Chemistry Processes, Physical --- Concept, Chemical --- Concept, Physical Chemistry --- Concept, Physicochemical --- Concepts, Chemical --- Concepts, Physical Chemistry --- Concepts, Physicochemical --- Phenomena, Chemical --- Phenomena, Physical Chemistry --- Phenomena, Physicochemical --- Phenomenon, Chemical --- Phenomenon, Physicochemical --- Physical Chemistry Concept --- Physicochemical Concept --- Process, Chemical --- Process, Physical Chemistry --- Process, Physicochemical --- Processes, Chemical --- Processes, Physical Chemistry --- Processes, Physicochemical --- Cell Physiological Phenomenon --- Cell Physiological Process --- Physiology, Cell --- Cell Physiology --- Phenomena, Cell Physiological --- Phenomenon, Cell Physiological --- Physiological Process, Cell --- Physiological Processes, Cell --- Process, Cell Physiological --- Processes, Cell Physiological --- Cells --- Biochemical Concepts --- Biochemical Phenomenon --- Biochemical Process --- Phenomena, Biochemical --- Biochemical Concept --- Concept, Biochemical --- Concepts, Biochemical --- Phenomenon, Biochemical --- Process, Biochemical --- Processes, Biochemical --- Molecular Biology --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Concepts --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomenon --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiology --- Nervous System Physiological Concepts --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomenon --- Nervous System Physiological Process --- Physiology, Nervous System --- Nervous System Physiologic Processes --- Nervous System Physiology --- System Physiology, Nervous --- Nervous System --- Natural Sciences --- Physical Sciences --- Discipline, Natural Science --- Disciplines, Natural Science --- Natural Science --- Natural Science Discipline --- Physical Science --- Science, Natural --- Science, Physical --- Sciences, Natural --- Sciences, Physical --- Mind-Body Relationship (Physiology) --- Physiologic Psychology --- Physiological Psychology --- Psychology, Physiologic --- Mind-Body Relations (Physiology) --- Psychology, Physiological --- Mind Body Relations (Physiology) --- Mind Body Relationship (Physiology) --- Mind-Body Relation (Physiology) --- Mind-Body Relationships (Physiology) --- Physiologic Psychologies --- Psychologies, Physiologic --- Relation, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relations, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relationship, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relationships, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Psychosomatic Medicine --- Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical --- Device, Medical --- Devices, Medical --- Equipment --- Inventories --- Medical Device --- Supplies --- Apparatus and Instruments --- Devices --- Medical Devices --- Device --- Instruments and Apparatus --- Inventory --- Supplies and Equipment --- Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction --- Signal Transduction Pathways --- Signal Transduction Systems --- Cell Signaling --- Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction --- Signal Pathways --- Pathway, Signal --- Pathway, Signal Transduction --- Pathways, Signal --- Pathways, Signal Transduction --- Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions --- Signal Pathway --- Signal Transduction Pathway --- Signal Transduction System --- Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated --- Signal Transductions --- Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated --- System, Signal Transduction --- Systems, Signal Transduction --- Transduction, Signal --- Transductions, Signal --- Cell Communication --- Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell --- Receptor Cross-Talk --- Feedback, Physiological --- Gasotransmitters --- Eye Physiology --- Ocular Physiologic Process --- Ocular Physiological Concepts --- Ocular Physiological Phenomenon --- Ocular Physiological Process --- Physiology of the Eye --- Physiology, Ocular --- Visual Physiology --- Ocular Physiologic Processes --- Ocular Physiology --- Concept, Ocular Physiological --- Concepts, Ocular Physiological --- Ocular Physiological Concept --- Phenomena, Ocular Physiological --- Phenomenon, Ocular Physiological --- Physiologic Process, Ocular --- 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Geometrical --- Optics --- Optics, Physical --- Optics, Physiological --- Corrective lenses --- Prosthetic lenses --- Opticianry --- Ocular Refraction --- Ocular Refractions --- Refractions, Ocular --- Visual Acuity --- Retinoscopy --- Photonics --- Photonics and Optics --- physiology

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Eye Diseases --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Light Signal Transduction --- Afferent Pathways --- Sensation Disorders --- Sensation --- Neurobehavioral Manifestations --- Ocular Physiological Processes --- Signal Transduction --- Diagnosis --- Neurologic Manifestations --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Ocular Physiological Phenomena --- Psychophysiology --- Neural Pathways --- Nervous System Physiological Processes --- Diseases --- Biochemical Processes --- Nervous System --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Signs and Symptoms --- Phenomena and Processes --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Nervous System Diseases --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Cell Physiological Processes --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomena --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Chemical Processes --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena --- Anatomy --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Chemical Phenomena --- Perceptual Disorders --- Vision, Ocular --- Visual Pathways --- Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological --- Vision Disorders --- Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological --- Diagnostic Technic, Neurological --- Diagnostic Technics, Neurologic --- Diagnostic Technics, Neurological --- Diagnostic Technique, Neurological --- Diagnostic Techniques, Neurologic --- Neurological Diagnostic Technic --- Neurological Diagnostic Technics --- Neurological Diagnostic Technique --- Neurological Diagnostic Techniques --- Technic, Neurological Diagnostic --- Technics, Neurological Diagnostic --- Technique, Neurological Diagnostic --- Techniques, Neurological Diagnostic --- Diagnostic Technic, Neurologic --- Diagnostic Technique, Neurologic --- Neurologic Diagnostic Technic --- Neurologic Diagnostic Technics --- Neurologic Diagnostic Technique --- Neurologic Diagnostic Techniques --- Technic, Neurologic Diagnostic --- Technics, Neurologic Diagnostic --- Technique, Neurologic Diagnostic --- Techniques, Neurologic Diagnostic --- Day Blindness --- Metamorphopsia --- Vision Disability --- Visual Disorders --- Visual Impairment --- Hemeralopia --- Macropsia --- Micropsia --- Blindness, Day --- Disabilities, Vision --- Disability, Vision --- Disorder, Visual --- Disorders, Visual --- Hemeralopias --- Impairment, Visual --- Impairments, Visual --- Macropsias --- Metamorphopsias --- Micropsias --- Vision Disabilities --- Vision Disorder --- Visual Disorder --- Visual Impairments --- Diagnostic Technic, Ophthalmological --- Diagnostic Technics, Ophthalmologic --- Diagnostic Technics, Ophthalmological --- Diagnostic Technique, Ophthalmological --- Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmologic --- Ophthalmological Diagnostic Technic --- Ophthalmological Diagnostic Technics --- Ophthalmological Diagnostic Technique --- Ophthalmological Diagnostic Techniques --- Technic, Ophthalmological Diagnostic --- Technics, Ophthalmological Diagnostic --- Technique, Ophthalmological Diagnostic --- 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Neglects --- Neglect, Hemisensory --- Neglect, Hemispatial --- Neglect, Sensory --- Neglects, Hemisensory --- Perceptual Disorder --- Sensory Neglects --- Somatosensory Discrimination Disorders --- Perceptual Distortion --- Chemical Phenomenon --- Chemical Process --- Physical Chemistry Phenomena --- Physical Chemistry Process --- Physicochemical Phenomenon --- Physicochemical Process --- Chemical Concepts --- Physical Chemistry Concepts --- Physical Chemistry Processes --- Physicochemical Concepts --- Physicochemical Phenomena --- Physicochemical Processes --- Chemical Concept --- Chemistry Process, Physical --- Chemistry Processes, Physical --- Concept, Chemical --- Concept, Physical Chemistry --- Concept, Physicochemical --- Concepts, Chemical --- Concepts, Physical Chemistry --- Concepts, Physicochemical --- Phenomena, Chemical --- Phenomena, Physical Chemistry --- Phenomena, Physicochemical --- Phenomenon, Chemical --- Phenomenon, Physicochemical --- Physical Chemistry Concept --- Physicochemical Concept --- Process, Chemical --- Process, Physical Chemistry --- Process, Physicochemical --- Processes, Chemical --- Processes, Physical Chemistry --- Processes, Physicochemical --- Biochemical Concepts --- Biochemical Phenomenon --- Biochemical Process --- Phenomena, Biochemical --- Biochemical Concept --- Concept, Biochemical --- Concepts, Biochemical --- Phenomenon, Biochemical --- Process, Biochemical --- Processes, Biochemical --- Molecular Biology --- Anatomies --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Concepts --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomenon --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiology --- Symptoms and General Pathology --- Cell Physiological Phenomenon --- Cell Physiological Process --- Physiology, Cell --- Cell Physiology --- Phenomena, Cell Physiological --- Phenomenon, Cell Physiological --- Physiological Process, Cell --- Physiological Processes, Cell --- Process, Cell Physiological --- Processes, Cell Physiological --- Cells --- Nervous System Physiological Concepts --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomenon --- Nervous System Physiological Process --- Physiology, Nervous System --- Nervous System Physiologic Processes --- Nervous System Physiology --- System Physiology, Nervous --- Nervous System Disorders --- Neurological Disorders --- Neurologic Disorders --- Disease, Nervous System --- Diseases, Nervous System --- Disorder, Nervous System --- Disorder, Neurologic --- Disorder, Neurological --- Disorders, Nervous System --- Disorders, Neurologic --- Disorders, Neurological --- Nervous System Disease --- Nervous System Disorder --- Neurologic Disorder --- Neurological Disorder --- Neurology --- Symptoms and Signs --- Nervous Systems --- System, Nervous --- Systems, Nervous --- Neural Interconnections --- Interconnection, Neural --- Interconnections, Neural --- Neural Interconnection --- Neural Pathway --- Pathway, Neural --- Pathways, Neural --- Peripheral Nervous System --- Mind-Body Relationship (Physiology) --- Physiologic Psychology --- Physiological Psychology --- Psychology, Physiologic --- Mind-Body Relations (Physiology) --- Psychology, Physiological --- Mind Body Relations (Physiology) --- Mind Body Relationship (Physiology) --- Mind-Body Relation (Physiology) --- Mind-Body Relationships (Physiology) --- Physiologic Psychologies --- Psychologies, Physiologic --- Relation, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relations, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relationship, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relationships, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Psychosomatic Medicine --- Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical --- Eye Physiology --- Ocular Physiologic Process --- Ocular Physiological Concepts --- Ocular Physiological Phenomenon --- Ocular Physiological Process --- Physiology of the Eye --- Physiology, Ocular --- Visual Physiology --- Ocular Physiologic Processes --- Ocular Physiology --- Concept, Ocular Physiological --- Concepts, Ocular Physiological --- Ocular Physiological Concept --- Phenomena, Ocular Physiological --- Phenomenon, Ocular Physiological --- Physiologic Process, Ocular --- Physiologic Processes, Ocular --- Physiological Concept, Ocular --- Physiological Concepts, Ocular --- Physiological Process, Ocular --- Physiological Processes, Ocular --- Physiology, Eye --- Physiology, Visual --- Process, Ocular Physiologic --- Process, Ocular Physiological --- Processes, Ocular Physiologic --- Processes, Ocular Physiological --- Focal Neurologic Deficits --- Manifestations, Neurologic --- Manifestations, Neurological --- Neurologic Dysfunction --- Neurologic Findings --- Neurologic Manifestation --- Neurologic Signs --- Neurologic Symptoms --- Neurological Manifestations --- Neurologic Deficits --- Neurologic Signs and Symptoms --- Deficit, Focal Neurologic --- Deficit, Neurologic --- Deficits, Focal Neurologic --- Deficits, Neurologic --- Dysfunction, Neurologic --- Dysfunctions, Neurologic --- Finding, Neurologic --- Findings, Neurologic --- Focal Neurologic Deficit --- Manifestation, Neurologic --- Manifestation, Neurological --- Neurologic Deficit --- Neurologic Deficit, Focal --- Neurologic Deficits, Focal --- Neurologic Dysfunctions --- Neurologic Finding --- Neurologic Sign --- Neurologic Symptom --- Neurological Manifestation --- Sign, Neurologic --- Signs, Neurologic --- Symptom, Neurologic --- Symptoms, Neurologic --- Antemortem Diagnosis --- Diagnoses and Examinations --- Examinations and Diagnoses --- Postmortem Diagnosis --- Antemortem Diagnoses --- Diagnoses --- Diagnoses, Antemortem --- Diagnoses, Postmortem --- Diagnosis, Antemortem --- Diagnosis, Postmortem --- Postmortem Diagnoses --- Disease --- Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction --- Signal Transduction Pathways --- Signal Transduction Systems --- Cell Signaling --- Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction --- Signal Pathways --- Pathway, Signal --- Pathway, Signal Transduction --- Pathways, Signal --- Pathways, Signal Transduction --- Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions --- Signal Pathway --- Signal Transduction Pathway --- Signal Transduction System --- Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated --- Signal Transductions --- Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated --- System, Signal Transduction --- Systems, Signal Transduction --- Transduction, Signal --- Transductions, Signal --- Cell Communication --- Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell --- Receptor Cross-Talk --- Feedback, Physiological --- Gasotransmitters --- Cognitive Manifestations --- Neurobehavioral Signs and Symptoms --- Cognitive Symptoms --- Signs and Symptoms, Neurobehavioral --- Cognitive Manifestation --- Cognitive Symptom --- Manifestation, Cognitive --- Manifestation, Neurobehavioral --- Manifestations, Cognitive --- Manifestations, Neurobehavioral --- Neurobehavioral Manifestation --- Symptom, Cognitive --- Symptoms, Cognitive --- Organoleptic --- Sensory Function --- Function, Sensory --- Functions, Sensory --- Sensations --- Sensory Functions --- Perception --- Sensory Disorders --- Special Senses Disorders --- Sensation Disorder --- Senses Disorder, Special --- Senses Disorders, Special --- Sensory Disorder --- Special Senses Disorder --- Afferent Pathway --- Pathway, Afferent --- Pathways, Afferent --- Phototransduction --- Signal Transduction, Light --- Transduction, Light Signal --- Photoreceptors, Plant --- Diagnostic Technics and Procedures --- Technics and Procedures, Diagnostic --- Techniques and Procedures, Diagnostic --- Sensitivity and Specificity --- Eye Disorders --- Eye Disease --- Eye Disorder --- physiology --- diagnosis --- methods --- Behavior And Behavior Mechanism --- Diagnose --- Diagnostic Testing --- Testing, Diagnostic

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This book offers a contextual analysis of the deviations and similarities in cross species eye structures. It questions the role of evolutionary processes such as random mutations, and genetic control mechanisms.

Adaptation, Biological. --- Anatomy, Comparative. --- Evolution. --- Eye -- anatomy & histology. --- Eye -- Anatomy. --- Eye -- Evolution. --- Vision, Ocular --physiology. --- Eye --- Anatomy, Comparative --- Light Signal Transduction --- Sense Organs --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Genetic Processes --- Sensation --- Face --- Biological Processes --- Ocular Physiological Processes --- Nervous System Physiological Processes --- Ocular Physiological Phenomena --- Signal Transduction --- Head --- Genetic Phenomena --- Psychophysiology --- Anatomy --- Biological Phenomena --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Biochemical Processes --- Phenomena and Processes --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Body Regions --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomena --- Cell Physiological Processes --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Cell Physiological Phenomena --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena --- Chemical Processes --- Chemical Phenomena --- Vision, Ocular --- Biological Evolution --- Adaptation, Biological --- Physiology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Neuroscience --- Adaptation, Biologic --- Biological Adaptation --- Biologic Adaptation --- Evolution, Biological --- Sociobiology --- Light Signal Transduction, Visual --- Ocular Vision --- Visual Light Signal Transduction --- Visual Phototransduction --- Visual Transduction --- Vision --- Phototransduction, Visual --- Transduction, Visual --- Ophthalmology --- Visual Perception --- Eyes --- Chemical Phenomenon --- Chemical Process --- Physical Chemistry Phenomena --- Physical Chemistry Process --- Physicochemical Phenomenon --- Physicochemical Process --- Chemical Concepts --- Physical Chemistry Concepts --- Physical Chemistry Processes --- Physicochemical Concepts --- Physicochemical Phenomena --- Physicochemical Processes --- Chemical Concept --- Chemistry Process, Physical --- Chemistry Processes, Physical --- Concept, Chemical --- Concept, Physical Chemistry --- Concept, Physicochemical --- Concepts, Chemical --- Concepts, Physical Chemistry --- Concepts, Physicochemical --- Phenomena, Chemical --- Phenomena, Physical Chemistry --- Phenomena, Physicochemical --- Phenomenon, Chemical --- Phenomenon, Physicochemical --- Physical Chemistry Concept --- Physicochemical Concept --- Process, Chemical --- Process, Physical Chemistry --- Process, Physicochemical --- Processes, Chemical --- Processes, Physical Chemistry --- Processes, Physicochemical --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Concepts --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomenon --- Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiology --- Cell Physiological Phenomenon --- Cell Physiological Process --- Physiology, Cell --- Cell Physiology --- Phenomena, Cell Physiological --- Phenomenon, Cell Physiological --- Physiological Process, Cell --- Physiological Processes, Cell --- Process, Cell Physiological --- Processes, Cell Physiological --- Cells --- Biochemical Concepts --- Biochemical Phenomenon --- Biochemical Process --- Phenomena, Biochemical --- Biochemical Concept --- Concept, Biochemical --- Concepts, Biochemical --- Phenomenon, Biochemical --- Process, Biochemical --- Processes, Biochemical --- Molecular Biology --- Nervous System Physiological Concepts --- Nervous System Physiological Phenomenon --- Nervous System Physiological Process --- Physiology, Nervous System --- Nervous System Physiologic Processes --- Nervous System Physiology --- System Physiology, Nervous --- Nervous System --- Body Region --- Region, Body --- Regions, Body --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Natural Sciences --- Physical Sciences --- Discipline, Natural Science --- Disciplines, Natural Science --- Natural Science --- Natural Science Discipline --- Physical Science --- Science, Natural --- Science, Physical --- Sciences, Natural --- Sciences, Physical --- Biologic Phenomena --- Biological Phenomenon --- Biological Process --- Phenomena, Biological --- Phenomena, Biologic --- Phenomenon, Biological --- Process, Biological --- Processes, Biological --- Anatomies --- Mind-Body Relationship (Physiology) --- Physiologic Psychology --- Physiological Psychology --- Psychology, Physiologic --- Mind-Body Relations (Physiology) --- Psychology, Physiological --- Mind Body Relations (Physiology) --- Mind Body Relationship (Physiology) --- Mind-Body Relation (Physiology) --- Mind-Body Relationships (Physiology) --- Physiologic Psychologies --- Psychologies, Physiologic --- Relation, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relations, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relationship, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Relationships, Mind-Body (Physiology) --- Psychosomatic Medicine --- Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical --- Genetic Concepts --- Genetic Phenomenon --- Genetic Process --- Concept, Genetic --- Concepts, Genetic --- Genetic Concept --- Phenomena, Genetic --- Phenomenon, Genetic --- Process, Genetic --- Processes, Genetic --- Heads --- Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction --- Signal Transduction Pathways --- Signal Transduction Systems --- Cell Signaling --- Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction --- Signal Pathways --- Pathway, Signal --- Pathway, Signal Transduction --- Pathways, Signal --- Pathways, Signal Transduction --- Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions --- Signal Pathway --- Signal Transduction Pathway --- Signal Transduction System --- Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated --- Signal Transductions --- Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated --- System, Signal Transduction --- Systems, Signal Transduction --- Transduction, Signal --- Transductions, Signal --- Cell Communication --- Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell --- Receptor Cross-Talk --- Feedback, Physiological --- Gasotransmitters --- Eye Physiology --- Ocular Physiologic Process --- Ocular Physiological Concepts --- Ocular Physiological Phenomenon --- Ocular Physiological Process --- Physiology of the Eye --- Physiology, Ocular --- Visual Physiology --- Ocular Physiologic Processes --- Ocular Physiology --- Concept, Ocular Physiological --- Concepts, Ocular Physiological --- Ocular Physiological Concept --- Phenomena, Ocular Physiological --- Phenomenon, Ocular Physiological --- Physiologic Process, Ocular --- Physiologic Processes, Ocular --- Physiological Concept, Ocular --- Physiological Concepts, Ocular --- Physiological Process, Ocular --- Physiological Processes, Ocular --- Physiology, Eye --- Physiology, Visual --- Process, Ocular Physiologic --- Process, Ocular Physiological --- Processes, Ocular Physiologic --- Processes, Ocular Physiological --- Faces --- Organoleptic --- Sensory Function --- Function, Sensory --- Functions, Sensory --- Sensations --- Sensory Functions --- Perception --- Biologic Sciences --- Biological Science --- Science, Biological --- Sciences, Biological --- Biological Sciences --- Life Sciences --- Biologic Science --- Biological Science Discipline --- Discipline, Biological Science --- Disciplines, Biological Science --- Life Science --- Science Discipline, Biological --- Science Disciplines, Biological --- Science, Biologic --- Science, Life --- Sciences, Biologic --- Sciences, Life --- Organ, Sense --- Organs, Sense --- Sense Organ --- Phototransduction --- Signal Transduction, Light --- Transduction, Light Signal --- Photoreceptors, Plant --- Eyeball --- Visual system --- Photoreceptors --- Comparative anatomy --- Comparative morphology --- Zootomy --- Zoology --- Evolution --- physiology --- Biological Evolution. --- anatomy & histology. --- physiology.