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In diesem Open-Access-Buch wird untersucht, welche akustischen Eigenschaften Füllpartikeln wie äh und ähm in spontansprachlichen Dialogen des Deutschen zeigen und welche linguistischen Kontexte dabei auf welche Weise ihre akustische Form beeinflussen. Malte Belz betrachtet hierfür die phonetischen Parameter Dauer, Tonhöhe, Vokalqualität sowie Phonationsmodus und analysiert den Einfluss dreier granular verschiedener Kontextebenen auf die Form: die Mikroebene enthält Annotationen der adjazenten Laut- oder Pausenumgebung, die Mesoebene erfasst Intonationsphrasen und auf der Makroebene sind dialogstrukturelle Einheiten wie Fragen oder Antworten annotiert. Der Intonationsphrasenkontext übt den deutlichsten Effekt auf Füllpartikeln aus – so ist am Phrasenanfang ihr Vokal offener, während am Phrasenende ihre Dauer länger und ihre Tonhöhe tiefer ist. Dieses Ergebnis wird komplementiert durch Effekte auf der Mikroebene, während der Einfluss der Dialogstruktur inkonsistent bleibt. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigt damit, dass die Realisierung von Füllpartikeln – wie andere Wörter auch – allgemeinen prosodischen Prinzipien folgt. Der Autor Malte Belz ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Institut für deutsche Sprache und Linguistik der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Er forscht und lehrt zu den phonetischen und prosodischen Eigenschaften gesprochensprachlicher Phänomene in spontanen Dialogen.
Phonology. --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- Grammar, Comparative and general Phonology --- Phonology --- Phonology and Phonetics --- Phonetik --- Füllpartikeln --- Gesprochene Sprache --- Spontansprachliche Dialoge --- Korpuslinguistik --- Phonetics, phonology
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This book provides a start of defining the uni- and multi-phonational tone systems of geographically-connected dialects under a phonation-pitch tonal model. It also demonstrates an interpretation of the contemporary ongoing tonal variations and varieties from the perspective of language evolution. Acoustic data are collected from five adjacent counties on the Jianghan Plain in China, where two varieties of Southwestern Mandarin and one variety of Gan Dialect are spoken. Falsetto and breathy phonations are applied in this area for phonological distinction, and thus the modal-only dialects co-occur with the di-phonational (falsetto and modal) and tri-phonational (falsetto, modal, and breathy) ones. The acoustic and perceptual analyses are conducted to define tones under the Multi-Register Four-Level Tonal Model, a frame considering both pitch and phonation for the definition of tones. The synchronic variations and varieties within and across speakers/dialects are interpreted in the dynamic interplay of tones mainly governed by phonetic and phonological reasons. The inner-system tonal differences of individual dialectal varieties together with the general distributive patterns of tones in this area are evaluated to determine the paths of tone evolution. Fresh for it exploring the definition and linguistic meaning of the dynamic modal- and non-modal tones, the book benefits researchers with data, research methods, and insight and helps the language teachers and learners understand and learn tones with what the lexical tones really are. The book is also written for the readers curious of tones and tone languages.
Chinese language --- Dialects. --- Tone. --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Linguistic change. --- Lexicology. --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- Language Change. --- Lexicolopgy / Vocabulary. --- Phonology.
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This book conducts a thorough investigation of the variation in tone sandhi patterns of Shanghai and Wuxi Wu using quantitative rating experiments. Although Shanghai Wu has been well documented, to date there has never been any quantitative study that systematically investigates the factors that influence variability – a research gap this book fills. Further, Wuxi Wu is investigated as an additional case that demonstrates the unique phonological nature of tone sandhi, and how it changes how speakers learn and internalize the variable tone sandhi pattern. The findings presented here will shed new light on important issues of wordhood, the interface of morphosyntax and phonology, and the formal model of variability in phonology.
Chinese language --- Wu dialects --- Dialects. --- Morphophonemics. --- Sino-Tibetan languages --- Phonology. --- Chinese language. --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- Chinese. --- Grammar, Comparative and general Phonology --- Phonology
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This book presents cutting-edge research on the production and perception of speech rhythm by speakers of English in countries where it is used as a foreign language or an institutionalised second language (also sometimes known as the Expanding and Outer Circles). It contributes to a better understanding of speech rhythm, which has long been recognised as an important supra-segmental category of speech, focusing on its relevance in World Englishes, Second Language Acquisition and learner varieties of English, as well as the sociolinguistic and perceptual significance of this phonological variable.
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Italian language --- Phonetics --- Grammar --- Phonology. --- Prosodic analysis. --- Syntax. --- Comparative linguistics. --- Linguistics. --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- Comparative Linguistics. --- Theoretical Linguistics. --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and languages --- Comparative philology --- Philology, Comparative --- Historical linguistics
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This book offers a laboratory phonological analysis of the sonority hierarchy and natural classes in nasal harmony using an artificial grammar-learning paradigm. It is aimed at postgraduate students and linguists in general whose research interests lie in phonology, phonetics, and/or psycholinguistics. It is useful for linguists who are struggling to figure out how to effectively design an artificial phonological grammar and those who have not designed experiments on their own but would like to do so as an additional means to testing linguistic theories. This book is also a valuable resource for anyone building crosslinguistic artificial grammar paradigm resources.
Psycholinguistics. --- Phonology. --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- Theoretical Linguistics. --- Language, Psychology of --- Language and languages --- Psychology of language --- Speech --- Linguistics --- Psychology --- Thought and thinking --- Psychological aspects --- Grammar, Comparative and general Phonology --- Phonology
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This book addresses important issues of speech processing and language learning in Chinese. It highlights perception and production of speech in healthy and clinical populations and in children and adults. This book provides diverse perspectives and reviews of cutting-edge research in past decades on how Chinese speech is processed and learned. Along with each chapter, future research directions have been discussed. With these unique features and the broad coverage of topics, this book appeals to not only scholars and students who study speech perception in preverbal infants and in children and adults learning Chinese, but also to teachers with interests in pedagogical applications in teaching Chinese as Second Language.
Chinese language. --- Phonology. --- Language and education. --- Chinese. --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- Language Education. --- Educational linguistics --- Education --- Language and languages --- Sino-Tibetan languages --- Ethnology --- Asia --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Asian Languages. --- Languages. --- Study and teaching.
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This book is a comprehensive study on the phonetic characteristics of citation tones in Chaoshan Chinese. It presents the tonal patterns of 65 localities in the Chaoshan area under the “multiple-register and four level” tonal model. Three case studies are conducted to delve into the evolutionary paths of Chaoshan tones. This book not only provides a large-scale typological study on Chaoshan Chinese, but also offers a good example of how to figure out the evolutionary paths of tones from the perspective of variation. The natural alliance of phonetics, historical linguistics, sociolinguistics, and dialect geography is reinforced. It is also suggested in this book that the joint use of these four disciplines is very promising for the study of Chinese.
Phonology. --- Historical linguistics. --- Linguistics. --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- Historical Linguistics. --- Linguistics, general. --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and languages --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and history --- Linguistics --- History --- Chinese language --- Dialects --- Tone. --- Tone (Phonetics) --- Sino-Tibetan languages
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This book systematically outlines the development of ancient Chinese. Consisting of 20 chapters, the self-contained work presents macro-level discussions on a broad range of topics, including: philology, phonology, exegetics, certain words’ special meanings, sentence types, the flexible use of words, different grammars in ancient and modern times, and rhetoric. Though chiefly focusing on vocabulary, the book also addresses grammar, and points out grammar problems that differ considerably from those in modern Chinese, in addition to combining morphology and syntax. Further, unlike the majority of textbooks on the subject, it pays more attention to the rhetoric used in ancient Chinese literary works. Rather than simply analyzing linguistic phenomena, the book also (and more importantly) provides a meaningful approach to the study of ancient Chinese. Accordingly, it offers a valuable asset for researchers, graduate students, and everyone else who is interested in ancient Chinese.
Linguistics. --- Philology. --- Grammar, Comparative and general—Phonology. --- Theoretical Linguistics / Grammar. --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and languages --- Chinese language --- Ancient Chinese language, 600-1200 --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Phonology. --- Grammar, Comparative and general Phonology --- Phonology
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This book contrasts variations in Spanish and Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation, using as a reference for discussion the mainstream careful speech of news anchors at the national level or the equivalent type of speech: a well-educated style that nonetheless sounds natural. Pursuing an innovative approach, the book uses this view of language as a cornerstone to describe and discuss other social and regional variants relative to that speaking register. It is aimed at speakers of Spanish interested in learning Portuguese and speakers of Portuguese who want to learn Spanish, as well as language specialists interested in bilingualism, heritage languages, in the teaching of typologically similar languages in contrast, and readers with interest in Phonetics and Phonology. The book employs a variety of innovative approaches, especially the reinterpretation of some of the traditional concept in Phonetics, and the use of speech prosodies and speech melodies, a user-friendly strategy to describe speech prosody in languages and speech melody in music through musical notation.
Teaching --- Phonetics --- Philosophy of language --- Romance languages --- onderwijs --- linguïstiek --- opvoeding --- taalfilosofie --- Language and languages --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Romance languages. --- Education. --- Philosophy of Language. --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- Romance Languages. --- Philosophy. --- Phonology.
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