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Nemesius of Emesa's On Human Nature (De Natura Hominis) is the first Christian anthropology. Written in Greek, circa 390 CE, it was read in half a dozen languages--from Baghdad to Oxford--well into the early modern period. Nemesius' text circulated in two Latin versions in the centuries that saw the rise of European universities, shaping scholastic theories of human nature. During the Renaissance there were numerous print editions helping to inspire a new discourse of human dignity. David Lloyd Dusenbury offers the first monograph in English on Nemesius' treatise. In the interpretation offered here, the Syrian bishop seeks to define the human qua human. His early Christian anthropology is cosmopolitan. He writes, 'Things that are natural are the same for all.' In his pages, a host of texts and discourses--biblical and medical, legal and philosophical--are made to converge upon a decisive tenet of Christian late antiquity: humans' natural freedom. For Nemesius, reason and choice are a divine double-strand of powers. Since he believes that both are a natural human inheritance, he concludes that much is 'in our power'. Nemesius defines humans as the only living beings who are at once ruler (intellect) and ruled (body). Because of this, the human is a 'little world', binding the rationality of angels to the flux of elements, the tranquillity of plants, and the impulsiveness of animals. This compelling study traces Nemesius' reasoning through the whole of On Human Nature, as he seeks to give a long-influential image of humankind both philosophical and anatomical proof.

Philosophical anthropology in literature

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How can literary imagination help us engage with the lives of other animals? The question represents one of the liveliest areas of inquiry in the humanities, and Mark Payne seeks to answer it by exploring the relationship between human beings and other animals in writings from antiquity to the present. From ancient Greek poets to modernists like Ezra Pound and William Carlos Williams, Payne considers how writers have used verse to communicate the experience of animal suffering, created analogies between human and animal societies, and imagined the kind of knowledge that would be possible if human beings could see themselves as animals see them. The Animal Part also makes substantial contributions to the emerging discourse of the posthumanities. Payne offers detailed accounts of the tenuousness of the idea of the human in ancient literature and philosophy and then goes on to argue that close reading must remain a central practice of literary study if posthumanism is to articulate its own prehistory. For it is only through fine-grained literary interpretation that we can recover the poetic thinking about animals that has always existed alongside philosophical constructions of the human. In sum, The Animal Part marks a breakthrough in animal studies and offers a significant contribution to comparative poeties. --Book Jacket.

Animals in literature --- Philosophical anthropology in literature

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Philosophical anthropology in literature --- Sex differences in literature --- Social change in literature --- Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von,

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L'auteure établit un parallèle entre le théâtre et la philosophie du XXe siècle en vue d'interroger les enjeux du post-anthropocentrisme à travers la problématique de la défiguration. Elle montre la proximité des recherches scéniques (P.P. Pasolini, J. Genet, S. Beckett, etc.) et conceptuelles (M. Foucault, G. Deleuze, E. Soureau, etc.) dans ce champ. ©Electre 2016 Le XXe siècle a vu s'affirmer une mise en crise profonde des figures de l'humain, menant à un paradigme post-anthropocentrique dont nous sommes aujourd'hui les héritiers. Les écritures théâtrales de Müller, Pasolini, Genet ou Beckett fourmillent de mouvements de défiguration qui dynamisent les formes figées de l'identité normative et qui explorent les zones troubles de l'humain et du non-humain. Mais la défiguration, au théâtre, n'est pas seulement une question thématique : elle affecte également les pratiques de représentation et de production de savoirs. Se situant résolument entre théâtre et philosophie, cet ouvrage se propose d'explorer les captures qui s'opèrent entre les écritures scéniques de la défiguration et la réinvention des moyens expressifs de la philosophie contemporaine. Avec des alliés tels que Deleuze, Souriau, Foucault ou Lacoue-Labarthe, il explore la déposition de la raison dramatique, la scène conçue comme territoire philosophique, la fabrique scénique de la subjectivité ou encore l'invention conceptuelle de drames post-anthropocentriques.

Philosophical anthropology in literature --- Theater --- Anthropologie philosophique dans la littérature --- Théâtre --- Philosophy --- Philosophie --- Anthropologie philosophique dans la littérature --- Théâtre

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Philosophical anthropology in literature. --- Human beings in literature. --- Anthropologie philosophique dans la littérature --- Homme dans la littérature --- Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, --- Philosophy. --- Criticism and interpretation.