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Izaak J. de Hulster entgegnet dem allgemeinen Konsens und belegt, dass es im Jerusalem der achämenidischen Zeit Figurinen gab. Manche Wissenschaftler haben das scheinbare Fehlen solcher Figurinen mit dem Aufstieg des Monotheismus in Verbindung gebracht; de Hulsters These hat also Implikationen für die Religionsgeschichte Israels nach dem Exil.
Monotheism. --- Ancient Israel --- Persian Period --- Levantine archaeology --- return --- Altes Testament --- Religionswissenschaft --- Antike --- Altorientalistik
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Storage jars of many shapes and sizes were in widespread use in the ancient world, transporting and storing agricultural products such as wine and oil, crucial to agriculture, economy, trade and subsistence. From the late 8th to the 2nd century BCE, the oval storage jars typical of Judah were often stamped or otherwise marked: in the late 8th and early 7th century BCE with lmlk stamp impressions, later in the 7th century with concentric circle incisions or rosette stamp impressions, in the 6th century, after the fall of Jerusalem, with lion stamp impressions, and in the Persian, Ptolemaic and Seleucid periods (late 6th–late 2nd centuries BCE) with yhwd stamp impressions. At the same time, several ad hoc systems of stamp impressions appeared: “private” stamp impressions were used on the eve of Sennacherib’s campaign, mwṣh stamp impressions after the destruction of Jerusalem, and yršlm impressions after the establishment of the Hasmonean state. While administrative systems that stamped storage jars are known elsewhere in the ancient Near East, the phenomenon in Judah is unparalleled in its scale, variety and continuity, spanning a period of some 600 years without interruption.This is the first attempt to consider the phenomenon as a whole and to develop a unified theory that would explain the function of these stamp impressions and shed new light on the history of Judah during six centuries of subjugation to the empires that ruled the region—as a vassal kingdom in the age of the Assyrian, Egyptian, and Babylonian empires and as a province under successive Babylonian, Persian, Ptolemaic, and Seleucid rule.
Stamp seals --- History. --- Judaea (Region) --- Antiquities. --- Babylonian Empire. --- Babylonian Period in Judah. --- Biblical Period. --- Iron Age Archaeology. --- Jerusalem. --- Kingdom of Judah. --- Persian Empire. --- Persian Period in Judah. --- Ramat Rahel. --- Stamp Impressions. --- Archaeology.
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This is the first of a three-volume final report on the Tel Aviv–Heidelberg Renewed Excavations at Ramat Raḥel, 2005–2010. It presents the stratigraphy and architecture of the excavation areas, including portions of the palatial compound, the subterranean columbarium complex, and the Late Roman cemetery; site formation of the tell; twentieth-century fortifications at the site; and the ancient garden and its water installations.
Excavations (Archaeology) --- Ramat Raḥel (Israel) --- Antiquities. --- Ramat Rachel (Israel) --- Ramat RahÌ£el (Israel) --- Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- Ancient Gardens. --- Archaeology of the Byzantine Period. --- Archaeology of the Hellenistic Period. --- Archaeology of the Muslim Period. --- Archaeology of the Roman Period. --- Assyrian Empire. --- Assyrian Period. --- Babylonian Empire. --- Babylonian Period. --- Biblical Archaeology. --- Biblical History. --- First Temple Period. --- Jerusalem. --- Judah in the Biblical Period. --- Judah. --- Persian Empire. --- Persian Period. --- Ramat Rael. --- Second Temple Period. --- Twentieth-century Fortifications. --- Yehud Stamp Impressions. --- Ramat Rahel (Israel)
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