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The author has developed novel methodologies for highly efficient construction of functionalized heterocycles by palladium-catalyzed domino/cascade cyclization of allenes and related compounds containing appropriate nucleophilic group(s). Based on these methodologies, enantioselective total syntheses of bioactive natural products, pachastrissamine (26% overall yield in seven steps), lysergic acid (4.0% overall yield in fifteen steps), lysergol (3.6% overall yield in fifteen steps) and isolysergol (8.2% overall yield in eleven steps) have been achieved. These are more facile synthetic route than those previously reported. These findings would contribute to the development of efficient synthetic methods for biologically active compounds containing a complex structure.

Chemical thermodynamics --- Organic chemistry --- Enzymology --- Biotechnology --- katalyse --- Pd (palladium) --- thermodynamica --- organische chemie --- biochemie --- biotechnologie --- enzymen

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There are two main disciplines in catalysis research - homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. This is due to the fact that the catalyst is either in the same phase (homogeneous catalysis) as the reaction being catalyzed or in a different phase (heterogeneous catalysis). Over the past decade, various approaches have been implemented to combine the advantages of homogeneous catalysis (efficiency, selectivity) with those of heterogeneous catalysis (stability, recovery) by the heterogenization of homogeneous catalysts or by carrying out homogeneous reactions under heterogeneous conditions. 
This unique handbook fills the gap in the market for an up-to-date work that links both homogeneous catalysis applied to organic reactions and catalytic reactions on surfaces of heterogeneous catalysts. As such, it highlights structural analogies and shows mechanistic parallels between the two, while additionally presenting kinetic analysis methods and models that either work for both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. 
Chapters cover asymmetric, emulsion, phase-transfer, supported homogeneous, and organocatalysis, as well as in nanoreactors and for specific applications, catalytic reactions in ionic liquids, fluorous and supercritical solvents and in water. Finally, the text includes computational methods for investigating structure-reactivity relations. 
With its wealth of information, this invaluable reference provides academic and industrial chemists with novel concepts for innovative catalysis research.


Thermodynamics --- Chemical thermodynamics --- Macromolecules --- polymers --- gold [metal] --- silver [metal] --- palladium --- Pd (palladium) --- Ag (zilver) --- Au (goud) --- chemie --- polymeren --- fysicochemie

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In 2004 an amount of 187 tons of palladium has been sold in world market. The main demands were automotive catalyst (58%), electronics (14%), jewellery (14%) and dental practises (13%). Especially, the increasing use of palladium in catalytic converters is a reason for substantial research in this field. Emission, environmental distribution and possible health effects of pla- num have been summarized detailed in two recent books Emissionen von Platinmetallen: Analytik, Umwelt- und Gesundheitsrelevanz  and Anth- pogenic Platinum Group Emissions - Their Impact on Man and Envir- ment  published by Springer in 1999 and 2000 (Zereini & Alt (Eds)). But there is a clear lack of information concerning palladium. It is very imp- tant to condense the present state of research findings from emission to potential health risks for the environment and humans. Very important is the chapter about analytical determination of pal- dium, which shows clearly the problems of several analytical techniques. Some data published during the last decade have to be re-evaluated because of insufficient analytical techniques. Also the finding that palladium c- pounds are relatively soluble and mobile in environmental settings is a great issue for further investigations. I think it is the right time for such a comprehensive book about palladium research and I am sure that readers with different scientific background like chemists, biologists, geologists medical doctors e.g. will benefit very much from reading this book.

Nature protection --- Analytical chemistry --- Social medicine --- Air pollution. Air purification --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Pd (palladium) --- analytische chemie --- milieuhygiëne --- luchtverontreiniging --- milieuzorg --- milieutechnologie --- milieubeheer --- milieuanalyse

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Nature protection --- Analytical chemistry --- Social medicine --- Air pollution. Air purification --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Pd (palladium) --- analytische chemie --- milieuhygiëne --- luchtverontreiniging --- milieuzorg --- milieutechnologie --- milieubeheer --- milieuanalyse

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groene economie --- xyleen --- General biochemistry --- Mn (mangaan) --- Chemical technology --- groene chemie --- biotechnologie --- biochemie --- oplosmiddelen --- Biotechnology --- Enzymology --- katalyse --- groene biotechnologie --- polymeren --- chemische technologie --- Macromolecules --- Co (kobalt) --- Green chemistry. --- Pd (palladium) --- palladium --- Catalysis --- Chimie de l'environnement --- Catalyse --- Applications industrielles --- duurzame ontwikkeling --- chemie --- Chemistry --- Electrochemistry --- elektrochemie --- milieuchemie --- smeermiddelen --- recyclage --- toxicologie --- lubricant --- Toxicology --- moleculaire biologie --- biomassa --- farmacologie --- rheologie --- elektrolyten --- katalysatoren --- H (waterstof) --- enzymen