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This practical guide presents a concise approach to exploring endocrine pathophysiology through the physical exam, emphasizing common clinical signs in endocrinology that can be elicited through inspection, palpation, percussion or auscultation. The established and proposed mechanisms underlying these physical signs are highlighted, allowing students, residents and trainees to better appreciate endocrine pathophysiology at the bedside. The text is organized sensibly to facilitate quick and efficient review by medical trainees. Major diseases in endocrinology are grouped by organ systems - pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and so on. Specific physical examination findings in each primary endocrine disease are reviewed and grouped under the categories of clinical features and pathophysiology, followed by related clinical and pathophysiology pearls. A brief description of the clinical finding is followed by a summary of the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the stated clinical finding. Relevant normal physiology and pathophysiology are reviewed where applicable, to facilitate learning. There are numerous texts on the pathophysiologic basis of diagnostic and laboratory findings in endocrinology. There is, however, no dedicated text to address questions that might be asked by trainees. Endocrine Pathophysiology satisfies this need in the literature. .

Endocrinology . --- Endocrinology. --- Internal medicine --- Hormones --- Endocrine glands --- Pathophysiology. --- Diseases --- Diagnosis. --- Ductless glands --- Gland of internal secretion --- Glands, Ductless --- Glands --- Chromaffin cells --- Fisiologia patològica --- Malalties de les glàndules endocrines --- Endocrinologia clínica --- Endocrinopaties --- Malalties endocrines --- Trastorns hormonals --- Diabetis --- Endocrinologia pediàtrica --- Ginecologia endocrina --- Hiperparatiroïdisme --- Hipoglucèmia --- Malalties de l'ovari --- Malalties de les glàndules suprarenals --- Malalties del testicle --- Pubertat precoç --- Fisiopatologia --- Patofisiologia --- Patologia molecular

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Neuroophthalmology. --- Eye --- Optic nerve --- Pathophysiology. --- Diseases --- Treatment. --- Nerves, Cranial --- Posterior segment (Eye) --- Visual pathways --- Eyeball --- Eyes --- Visual system --- Face --- Photoreceptors --- Vision --- Neuro-ophthalmology --- Neurology --- Ophthalmology --- Neurooftalmologia --- Ull --- Fisiologia patològica --- Malalties del nervi òptic --- Fisiopatologia --- Patofisiologia --- Patologia molecular --- Ulls --- Cap --- Oftalmologia --- Aparell lacrimal --- Conjuntiva --- Còrnia --- Cristal·lí --- Escleròtica --- Fons de l'ull --- Humor vitri --- Moviments oculars --- Parpelles --- Retina --- Úvea --- Nistagme --- Oftalmopaties --- Òptica fisiològica --- Visió --- Neurologia

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Acid-base imbalances --- Acid-Base Equilibrium. --- Pathology. --- Physiology. --- Pathophysiology. --- Pathologies --- Disease --- Acid-Base Balance --- Anion Gap --- Acid Base Balance --- Acid Base Equilibrium --- Anion Gaps --- Balance, Acid-Base --- Equilibrium, Acid-Base --- Gap, Anion --- Gaps, Anion --- Acid-base disorders --- Acid-base imbalance --- Imbalances, Acid-base --- Body fluid disorders --- pathology --- Internal medicine. --- Medicine, Internal --- Medicine --- Desequilibri àcid-base --- Fisiologia patològica --- Fisiopatologia --- Patofisiologia --- Patologia molecular --- Desequilibris àcid-base --- Trastorns àcid-base --- Trastorns del metabolisme --- Acidosi --- Equilibri àcid-base

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Asthma --- Pathophysiology. --- Bronchial asthma --- Bronchi --- Lungs --- Respiratory allergy --- Diseases --- Diseases, Obstructive --- Asma --- Fisiologia patològica --- Terapèutica --- Farmàcia homeopàtica --- Medicaments homeopàtics --- Preparacions homeopàtiques --- Terapèutica homeopàtica --- Farmàcia --- Homeopatia --- Teràpia --- Tractament (Medicina) --- Tractament de les malalties --- Medicina clínica --- Al·lopatia (Terapèutica) --- Antipirètics --- Cateterisme --- Dietoteràpia --- Fisioteràpia --- Fórmules magistrals --- Hormonoteràpia --- Immunoteràpia --- Injeccions intraarticulars --- Intubació --- Ioga --- Logopèdia --- Medicina alternativa --- Nutrició --- Quimioteràpia --- Radiologia intervencionista --- Terapèutica dental --- Terapèutica fisiològica --- Teràpia genètica --- Teràpia intravenosa --- Teràpia respiratòria --- Terapèutica veterinària --- Tractament pal·liatiu --- Ús terapèutic --- Fisiopatologia --- Patofisiologia --- Patologia molecular --- Asma bronquial --- Malalties bronquials --- Malalties pulmonars obstructives cròniques --- Medicaments antiasmàtics

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This book provides an updated and comprehensive overview of cough, while opening new perspectives for their treatment and management. It enables readers to not only discover new physiologic features and mechanisms but also to gain an in-depth understanding of the diagnostic workup of cough, still one of the most frequent and challenging symptoms in daily medical practice. The book also provides insights into cough’s features and pathogenesis, as well as into pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments. The most frequent causes of chronic cough (asthma, postnasal drip, gastroesophageal reflux and chronic hypersensitivity syndrome) and different types of pediatric cough are also explored. Coughing is a common symptom, occurring in many clinical settings, and as such the book appeals a broad readership, including pulmonologists specialized in cough, general practitioners, internists, pediatricians and otorhinolaryngologists. .

Respiratory organs—Diseases. --- General practice (Medicine). --- Pediatrics. --- Otorhinolaryngology. --- Pharmacotherapy. --- Gastroenterology . --- Pneumology/Respiratory System. --- General Practice / Family Medicine. --- Gastroenterology. --- Internal medicine --- Digestive organs --- Drug therapy --- Pharmacotherapy --- Therapeutics --- Drugs --- Pharmacology --- Ear, nose, and throat diseases --- ENT diseases --- Otorhinolaryngology --- Medicine --- Paediatrics --- Pediatric medicine --- Children --- Diseases --- Health and hygiene --- Respiratory organs --- Physicians (General practice) --- Diseases. --- General practice (Medicine) --- General practitioners --- Family medicine --- Respiratory diseases --- Practice --- Specialties and specialists --- Tos --- Fisiologia patològica --- Diagnòstic --- Terapèutica --- Teràpia --- Tractament (Medicina) --- Tractament de les malalties --- Medicina clínica --- Al·lopatia (Terapèutica) --- Antipirètics --- Cateterisme --- Dietoteràpia --- Fisioteràpia --- Fórmules magistrals --- Hormonoteràpia --- Immunoteràpia --- Injeccions intraarticulars --- Intubació --- Ioga --- Logopèdia --- Medicina alternativa --- Nutrició --- Quimioteràpia --- Radiologia intervencionista --- Terapèutica dental --- Terapèutica fisiològica --- Teràpia genètica --- Teràpia intravenosa --- Teràpia respiratòria --- Terapèutica veterinària --- Tractament pal·liatiu --- Ús terapèutic --- Diagnosi --- Diagnòstic físic --- Examen mèdic (Diagnòstic) --- Exploració médica (Diagnòstic) --- Exploració clínica (Diagnòstic) --- Cribratge --- Diagnòstic d'infermeria --- Diagnòstic diferencial --- Diagnòstic dual --- Diagnòstic molecular --- Diagnòstic prenatal --- Diagnòstic quirúrgic --- Diagnòstic per la imatge --- Electrodiagnòstic --- Entrevista clínica --- Examen físic --- Isòtops radioactius en diagnòstic mèdic --- Monitoratge de pacients --- Proves funcionals (Medicina) --- Patologia --- Pronòstic mèdic --- Símptomes --- Fisiopatologia --- Patofisiologia --- Patologia molecular --- Reflexos (Fisiologia) --- Bronquitis --- Catarro