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Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating drug’s efficacy before or after marketing authorization. They thus make it possible to increase the internal validity of these trials. This type of design does not take into account patients who express a preference of treatment leading to their exclusion and also impacting the external validity of these clinical trials as well as the generalization of their result. Exclusion of some patients who express their treatment preference and who would benefit from it in the future constitute a representativeness issue. To take this preference into account, new designs have been developed. The purpose research is to investigate introduction of an additional arm or arms called “patient preference” in clinical trials design and how to take this preference into drugs studies. It was found that Torgerson and Bradley-Brewin’s patient preference designs may have a place in phase III of trials or post marketing authorization (MA) studies, or medical devices trials, or trials deals with of other than health products. Les essais cliniques randomisés et contrôlés (RCT) constituent le gold standard pour l’évaluation de l’efficacité des médicaments avant ou après leur mise sur le marché. Ils permettent ainsi d’augmenter la validité interne de ces essais. Cependant, ce type de design ne prend pas en compte les patients qui expriment une préférence de traitement conduisant à leur exclusion et impactant aussi la validité externe de ces essais de même que la généralisation de leur résultat. L’exclusion de certains patients exprimant leur préférence de traitement et devant bénéficier de ces derniers dans le futur constitue un problème de représentativité. Pour prendre en compte cette préférence, il a été développé de ces derniers dans le futur constitue un problème de représentativité. Pour prendre en compte cette préférence, il a été développé de nouveaux designs. L’objectif de ce travail de recherche est d’étudier la place que pourrait occuper l’introduction d’un bras ou de plusieurs bras supplémentaires intitulés « préférence des patients » dans le design des essais cliniques et comment prendre en compte cette préférence dans les études portant sur les médicaments. Il en ressort que les designs de « patient preference » de Torgeson et de Bradley-Brewin, peuvent avoir leur place dans le paysage des essais médicaments de phase III ou post autorisation de mise sur le marché (AMM), ou des essais portant sur des dispositifs médicaux ou des essais portant sur des protocoles hors produit de santé.
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic --- Patient Preference
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The purpose of this memorandum is to highlight the difficulties associated with the formulation when administering medicine to geriatric patients. To do this, I conducted a survey with 65 patients at home, in an old people’s home medicalised and in a hospital. This survey presents the challenges in all three environments, the solutions found by patients or caregivers, and wishes to improve the situation. In a second part, I present the various formulations proposed by the pharmaceutical industry with the advantages and disadvantages. Finally, I highlight the solutions already in use or as promising, and some alternatives to particular and recurring problems gathered during the investigation. L’objectif de ce mémoire est de mettre en évidence les difficultés liées à la formulation galénique lors de l’administration des médicaments aux patients gériatriques. Pour cela j’ai mené une enquête au près de 65 patients à leur domicile, dans une maison de repos et de soins et dans un hôpital. Cette enquête présente les difficultés dans chacun des trois milieux, les solutions trouvées par les patients ou le personnel soignant, ainsi que les souhaits pour améliorer la situation. Dans une seconde partie, je présente les différentes formes galéniques proposées par l’industrie pharmaceutique avec les avantages et inconvénients. Pour finir, je mets en évidence les solutions déjà exploitées ou prometteuses ainsi que des alternatives aux problèmes particuliers et récurrents recueillis lors de l’enquête
Pharmaceutical Preparations --- Aged --- Drug Industry --- Drug Administration Routes --- Patient Preference
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Presenting clergy and chaplains with unique therapeutic tools for helping senior adults enrich their later years, this book gives advice on how to strengthen relationships, find meaning in life and feel comfortable approaching life's final chapter. It guides clergy and chaplains through how to effectively conduct "Soul Legacy" projects, in which older people reflect on what they want to leave behind for their loved ones and how they want to be remembered after they die. It enables older people to pay loved ones personal tributes and show them how important they are. By focusing on others rather than the self, it provides comfort for loved ones as well as the senior adult, prevents loneliness and negative feelings about ageing, and helps adults gradually become comfortable with the challenges of approaching the end of life.
Attitude to Death --- Aged --- Aging --- Patient Preference --- Pastoral Care --- Clergy
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health preference --- Delivery of Health Care --- Decision Making --- Consumer Behavior --- Patient Preference --- economics |0 https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D003695Q000191 --- Patient Preferences --- Preference, Patient --- Preferences, Patient --- Consumer Preference --- Consumer Satisfaction --- Behavior, Consumer --- Behaviors, Consumer --- Consumer Behaviors --- Consumer Preferences --- Preference, Consumer --- Preferences, Consumer --- Satisfaction, Consumer --- Decision Making, Shared --- Decision Makings, Shared --- Making, Shared Decision --- Makings, Shared Decision --- Shared Decision Making --- Shared Decision Makings --- Problem Solving --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Decision Making. --- Consumer Behavior. --- Patient Preference. --- Citizen Science --- Credit Assignment --- Assignment, Credit --- Assignments, Credit --- Credit Assignments
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This volume gathers together previously unpublished articles focusing on the relationship between preference adaptation and autonomy in connection with human enhancement and in the end-of-life context. The value of individual autonomy is a cornerstone of liberal societies. While there are different conceptions of the notion, it is arguable that on any plausible understanding of individual autonomy an autonomous agent needs to take into account the conditions that circumscribe its actions. Yet it has also been suggested that allowing one’s options to affect one’s preferences threatens autonomy. While this phenomenon has received some attention in other areas of moral philosophy, it has seldom been considered in bioethics. This book combines for the first time the topics of preference adaptation, individual autonomy, and choosing to die or to enhance human capacities in a unique and comprehensive volume, filling an important knowledge gap in the contemporary bioethics literature.
Adaptability (Psychology). --- Autonomy (Philosophy). --- Feminist theory. --- Self (Philosophy). --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Freedom --- Principle-Based Ethics --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Patient Satisfaction --- Ethics --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Human Rights --- Patient Acceptance of Health Care --- Consumer Satisfaction --- Social Control, Formal --- Public Relations --- Attitude to Health --- Humanities --- Philosophy --- Delivery of Health Care --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Organization and Administration --- Sociology --- Social Sciences --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Health Services Administration --- Health Care --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Personal Autonomy --- Patient Preference --- Adaptation, Psychological --- Philosophy & Religion --- Death --- Adaptability (Psychology) --- Autonomy (Philosophy) --- Psychological aspects. --- Adaptation (Psychology) --- Adaptive behavior --- Flexibility (Psychology) --- Malleability (Psychology) --- Psychology --- Philosophy. --- Ethics. --- Philosophy and science. --- Medical ethics. --- Theory of Medicine/Bioethics. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Personality --- Adjustment (Psychology) --- Science --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Values --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Science and philosophy
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Measurements of individual benefits of different health and medical interventions are fundamental for prioritizing among different alternative uses of resources in the healthcare sector. While psychometric measures do not necessarily provide information sufficient for assigning relative values to different health states, preference-based approaches produce measures that allow comparisons of such values. In this volume of the series of Advances in health economics and health services research, entitled Preference measurement in health, the papers cover altruism within families, differences in risk attitudes, and estimation of health benefits of food safety. Specific topics include efficiency and altruism, comparison of mother and daughter values of HPV vaccination for daughters, differences in risk attitudes between women and men, how context matters in valuing food safety programs, and valuation of health risks associated with pesticide use.
Medical economics. --- Medical care --- Evaluation. --- Economics, Medical --- Health --- Health economics --- Hygiene --- Medicine --- Economic aspects --- Medical economics --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Patient Care Management --- Economics --- Patient Satisfaction --- Social Behavior --- Thinking --- Behavior --- Patient Acceptance of Health Care --- Consumer Behavior --- Mental Processes --- Delivery of Health Care --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Health Services Administration --- Public Relations --- Attitude to Health --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Organization and Administration --- Altruism --- Patient Preference --- Decision Making --- Evaluation --- E-books --- Acceptance Process --- Acceptance Processes --- Behaviors --- Process, Acceptance --- Processes, Acceptance --- Critical Thinking --- Thinking Skills --- Thought --- Thinking Skill --- Thinking, Critical --- Thoughts --- Behavior, Social --- Behaviors, Social --- Social Behaviors --- Satisfaction, Patient --- Capital --- Conditions, Economic --- Consumption --- Cost of Living --- Easterlin Hypothesis --- Economic Conditions --- Economic Factors --- Economic Policies --- Economic Policy --- Economics, Home --- Factors, Economic --- Home Economics --- Household Consumption --- Macroeconomic Factors --- Microeconomic Factors --- Policies, Economic --- Policy, Economic --- Production --- Remittances --- Utility Theory --- Consumer Price Index --- Condition, Economic --- Consumer Price Indices --- Consumption, Household --- Economic Condition --- Economic Factor --- Factor, Economic --- Factor, Macroeconomic --- Factor, Microeconomic --- Factors, Macroeconomic --- Factors, Microeconomic --- Household Consumptions --- Hypothesis, Easterlin --- Index, Consumer Price --- Indices, Consumer Price --- Living Cost --- Living Costs --- Remittance --- Theories, Utility --- Theory, Utility --- Utility Theories --- Care Management, Patient --- Management, Patient Care --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Citizen Science --- Problem Solving --- Medical Economics --- Patient Preferences --- Preference, Patient --- Preferences, Patient --- Humanitarianism --- Beneficence --- Gift Giving --- Administration and Organization --- Administrative Technics --- Administrative Techniques --- Coordination, Administrative --- Logistics --- Supervision --- Technics, Administrative --- Techniques, Administrative --- Administration --- Administrative Coordination --- Administrative Technic --- Administrative Technique --- Technic, Administrative --- Technique, Administrative --- Health Attitude --- Attitude, Health --- Attitudes, Health --- Health Attitudes --- Health, Attitude to --- Public Opinion --- Client-Staff Relations --- Relations, Client-Staff --- Relations, Public --- Client Staff Relations --- Client-Staff Relation --- Relation, Client-Staff --- Relations, Client Staff --- Administration, Health Services --- Health Services --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Human Information Processing --- Information Processing, Human --- Consumer Preference --- Consumer Satisfaction --- Behavior, Consumer --- Behaviors, Consumer --- Consumer Behaviors --- Consumer Preferences --- Preference, Consumer --- Preferences, Consumer --- Satisfaction, Consumer --- Acceptability of Healthcare --- Acceptors of Health Care --- Health Care Utilization --- Nonacceptors of Health Care --- Patient Acceptance of Healthcare --- Acceptability of Health Care --- Health Care Seeking Behavior --- Care Acceptor, Health --- Care Acceptors, Health --- Care Nonacceptor, Health --- Care Nonacceptors, Health --- Health Care Acceptability --- Health Care Acceptor --- Health Care Acceptors --- Health Care Nonacceptor --- Health Care Nonacceptors --- Healthcare Acceptabilities --- Healthcare Acceptability --- Healthcare Patient Acceptance --- Healthcare Patient Acceptances --- Utilization, Health Care --- economics --- organization & administration --- Prosocial Behavior --- Behavior, Prosocial --- Behaviors, Prosocial --- Prosocial Behaviors --- Behavior And Behavior Mechanism --- Health Care Economics --- Health Economics --- Healthcare Economics --- Care Economic, Health --- Economic, Health --- Economic, Health Care --- Economic, Healthcare --- Economics, Health Care --- Health Care Economic --- Health Economic --- Healthcare Economic --- Sociality --- Sociology of health --- Medical --- Business & Economics --- Health economics. --- Health systems & services. --- Allied Health Services --- General. --- Public Finance. --- Credit Assignment --- Assignment, Credit --- Assignments, Credit --- Credit Assignments
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