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The purchasing power parities and real expenditures contained in this publication cover all 29 OECD Member countries, except Korea, and four non-member countries: Israel, Slovenia, the Slovak Republic and the Russian Federation. They are based on price and expenditure data for 1996 and have been calculated using the EKS aggregation method. International comparisons of price levels and real GDP can be made using the price and volume measures presented in this publication. Countries covered: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hunga

Gross national product -- Statistics -- Periodicals. --- Gross national product. --- Purchasing power parity -- Statistics -- Periodicals. --- Purchasing power parity --- European Union countries --- Appropriations and expenditures --- Law of one price --- One price, Law of --- Parity, Purchasing power --- Foreign exchange --- EU countries --- Euroland --- Europe

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Rapport périodique de l’OCDE/Eurostat présentant les calculs internationaux les plus récents en matière de parités de pouvoir d’achat pour l’OCDE, l’UE et quelques autres pays. Les données ont été calculées en appliquant la méthode d’agrégation EKS. Les mesures de volume et de prix présentées dans cette publication permettent de faire des comparaisons internationales des niveaux de prix et des PIB réels. Cette publication utilise les StatLinks ; sous chaque graphique et tableau, une adresse internet pointe vers la feuille de données Excel® contenant les données statistiques correspondantes.

Purchasing power parity --- Gross national product --- Gross national product. --- Purchasing power parity. --- Pouvoir d'achat --- Produit national brut --- Statistiques --- Périodiques. --- Law of one price --- One price, Law of --- Parity, Purchasing power --- GNP (Gross national product) --- National product, Gross --- Foreign exchange --- Economics --- Statistics --- Wealth --- Income --- National income --- Parités de pouvoir d'achat

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Foreign exchange rates --- Monetary unions --- Purchasing power parity --- Law of one price --- One price, Law of --- Parity, Purchasing power --- Foreign exchange --- Common currencies --- Currency areas --- Currency unions --- Optimum currency areas --- Currency question --- Money --- Exchange rates --- Fixed exchange rates --- Flexible exchange rates --- Floating exchange rates --- Fluctuating exchange rates --- Rates of exchange --- Rates --- Foreign exchange rates. --- Monetary unions. --- Purchasing power parity.

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This paper presents the first assessment domestic market integration in Brazil using the law of one price. The law of one price is tested using two panel unit root methodologies and a unique data set comprising price indices for 51 products across 11 metro-areas. We find that the law of one price holds for most tradable products and, not surprisingly, non-tradable products are found to be less likely to satisfy the law of one price. While these findings are consistent with evidence found for other countries, price convergence occurs very slowly in Brazil, suggesting relatively limited domestic market integration.

Purchasing power parity --- Markets --- Public markets --- Commerce --- Fairs --- Market towns --- Law of one price --- One price, Law of --- Parity, Purchasing power --- Foreign exchange --- Econometric models. --- Macroeconomics --- Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: Forecasting and Simulation --- Economic Integration --- Economywide Country Studies: Latin America --- Caribbean --- Price Level --- Inflation --- Deflation --- Price indexes --- Prices --- Brazil

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This paper focuses on assessments of real exchange rates using PPP data and examines their limitations when these are based exclusively on bivariate estimations. It begins by presenting an analytical framework of the real exchange rate that shows that these estimations make many restrictive assumptions. In turn, the empirical evidence presented shows that the estimates are not robust to changes in sample, such as those that arise from differences in incomes per capita. The conclusion is that the bivariate assessment of real exchange rates do not control for the heterogeneity that exists across countries, thus limiting their usefulness. This critique of bivariate estimations does not apply however to multivariate approaches such as utilized by CGER.

Foreign exchange rates --- Purchasing power parity --- Econometric models. --- Law of one price --- One price, Law of --- Parity, Purchasing power --- Foreign exchange --- Foreign Exchange --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures --- Other Public Investment and Capital Stock --- Currency --- Public finance & taxation --- Real exchange rates --- Income --- Exchange rates --- Public investment and public-private partnerships (PPP) --- Public-private sector cooperation --- United States