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Papillomavirus Infections --- genetics. --- immunology.

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Papillomavirus Infections --- microbiology. --- physiopathology.

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Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, and infection with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has been identified as the causal agent for this condition. The natural history of cervical cancer is characterized by slow disease progression, rendering the condition in essence preventable and even treatable when diagnosed in early stages. Pap smear and the recently introduced prophylactic vaccines are the most prominent prevention options, but despite the availability of these primary and secondary screening tools, the global burden of disease is unfortunately still very high This book will focus on the clinical and diagnostic aspects of HPV and related disease, highlighting the latest developments in this field.

Papillomavirus diseases. --- Papillomavirus infections --- Virus diseases --- Oncology

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Genital Infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infectious diseases.
About 70% of cervix cancers in the world are caused by HPV types 16 and 18, while HPV types 6 and Il cause about 90% of genital warts.
Since 2007, a bivalent vaccine, Cervarix®, developed to prevent HPV types 16 and 18, and a quadrivalent vaccine, Gardasil®, for HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18 are available on the Belgian market.
Although these vaccines are both made of virus-like particles (VLP) , they differ on many points such as their indications, the additives used, their immunogenicity and the cross protection induced.
Their clinical studies point to the same conclusion : an excellent clinical efficacy on the injuries caused by HPV types 16 and 18, a high level of tolerance and an immunity extended towards other HPV types.
Sespite the broader indication and a promising clinical efficacy of Gardasil®, immunogenicity studies have demonstrated that antibody levels induced by Cervarix® are significantly higher than those of Gardasil® and persist for at least 6,4 years.
However, observation show, that vaccination with Gardasil® causes a gradual decrease in antibody anti-HPV 6, 11 and 18 to finally reach serum levels equivalent to natural infection levels (non protective).
The aim of prophylactic vaccination being to induce specifie types of antibodies to be maintained throughout the period in which women are likely to be contaminated, we can easily understand the importance of local rate and immune memory system.
With an innovative adjuvant in Cervarix®, that allows higher and more constant neutralizing antibody levels, we can only but recommend this as preferred treatment L'infection génitale aux Papillomavirus Humains (HPV) est l'une des maladies infectieuses sexuellement transmissibles les plus fréquentes.
Environ 70% des cancers du col de l'utérus dans le monde sont provoqués par les HPV de types 16 et 18 tandis que les HPV de types 6 et 11 sont responsables d'environ 90% des verrues génitales.
Depuis 2007, le Cervarix®, vaccin bivalent, dirigé contre les types d'HPV 16 et 18 et le Gardasil®, vaccin quadrivalent dirigé contre les HPV de type 6, Il, 16 et 18 sont disponibles sur le marché belge.
Bien que ces vaccins soient tous deux constitués de pseudo-particules virales (VLP), ils diffèrent en de multiples points tels que leurs indications, les adjuvants utilisés, leurs immunogénicités et protections croisées induites.
Leurs études cliniques aboutissent à la même conclusion: une excellente efficacité clinique sur les lésions causées par les HPV de types 16 et 18, une bonne tolérance et une immunité élargie à l'égard d'autres types d'HPV.
Malgré une indication plus large et une efficacité clinique tout aussi prometteuse du Gardasil®, les études d'Immunogénicité ont pu démontrer que les titres d'anticorps induits par le Cervarix® sont nettement supérieurs à ceux du Gardasil® et se maintiennent durant au moins 6,4 ans. Après vaccination du Gardasil®, on observe, par contre, une diminution progressive des titres d'anticorps anti-HPV 6, 11 et 18 jusqu'à atteindre finalement des taux sériques équivalents à ceux d'une infection naturelle (non protectrice).
Le but de la vaccination prophylactique étant d'induire des anticorps spécifiques de types qui seront maintenus pendant toute la durée où les femmes sont susceptibles d'être contaminées, on comprend aisément l'importance du taux local et de la mémoire immunitaire.
Puisque le nouvel adjuvant contenu dans le Cervarix® permet un taux d'anticorps neutralisants plus élevé et plus soutenu dans le temps, nous affichons une préférence pour le Cervarix®.

Papillomavirus Infections --- Papillomavirus Vaccines --- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

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Papillomavirus --- Papillomaviruses --- Papillomavirussen --- Papillomaviridae --- Papillomavirus Infections. --- Tumor Virus Infections --- Papillomavirus Infection --- pathogenicity. --- etiology. --- HPV Infection --- Human Papillomavirus Infection --- HPV Infections --- Human Papillomavirus Infections --- Papillomavirus Infection, Human --- Papillomavirus Infections, Human --- Papillomavirus Infections --- pathogenicity --- etiology