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ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY VOL 30

Proteins. --- Repressors, Genetic. --- Genetic repressors --- Genetic regulation --- Molecular genetics --- Operons --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics

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Recent studies in human genetics and in silico analyses have revealed that a number of genes are head-head orientated with other genes or non-coding RNAs. The expression of regulatory element-containing 5’-upstream regions of gene pairs are referred to as bi-directional promoters and are thought to have a key role in biological regulatory mechanisms. For example, tumor suppressor protein-encoding TP53 and BRCA1 genes are head-head bound with WRAP53 and NBR2, respectively. DNA-repair factor-encoding ATM and PRKDC (DNA-PKcs) genes have bidirectional partner NPAT and MCM4, respectively. Surveillance of the human DNA database has revealed that the numbers of DNA repair/mitochondrial function/immune response-associated genes are bound with other genes that are transcribed to opposite direction. The observations may encourage us to investigate in the molecular mechanisms how DNA repair/mitochondrial function/immune response-associated genes are regulated by bidirectional promoters. Not only protein-coding genes, but also quite a few ncRNAs, which play important roles in various cellular events, are transcribed under the regulation of the bidirectional promoters. More importantly, we know that dysregulation in the promoter activity and transcription initiation of genes might cause human diseases.

Promoters (Genetics) --- Genetic transcription --- Nucleotides --- Operons --- Transcription, Genetic --- Promoter Regions, Genetic

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Biochemie --- Biochimie --- Biologie cellulaire --- Celbiologie --- Proefschriften --- Thèses --- Academic collection --- Theses --- Promoters (Genetics) --- Protein-tyrosine phosphatase --- Phosphotyrosine phosphatase --- PTPase --- Tyrosine phosphatase --- Tyrosine phosphoprotein phosphatase --- Tyrosyl phosphoprotein phosphatase --- Phosphoprotein phosphatases --- Genetic transcription --- Nucleotides --- Operons

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Micronutrients --- Gene Expression --- metabolism --- Lac Operon. --- Gene Expression. --- Fatty Acids. --- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear. --- Peroxysome Proliferator-Activated Receptors --- Cholesterol --- Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1. --- Arabidopsis Proteins. --- Liver --- Amino Acids. --- Operons --- Gene expression --- Fatty acids --- Nuclear receptors (Biochemistry) --- Amino acids --- Opérons --- Expression génique --- Acides gras --- Récepteurs nucléaires (Biochimie) --- Cholestérol --- Foie --- Acides aminés --- metabolism. --- Metabolism --- Métabolisme --- Physiology of nutrition. Metabolism --- voedingstechnologie --- voeding --- Nutritionary hygiene. Diet --- stofwisseling --- lipiden --- cholesterol --- lactose --- 577.12 --- 577.218 --- dieetleer --- dieet --- nutriënten --- genetica --- Genetica (erfelijke afwijkingen, erfelijke ziekten, erfelijkheid, erfelijkheidsleer, erfelijkheidsonderzoek, genetische aandoeningen) --- Diet Therapy. --- Genetics. --- Voeding --- 600.2 --- voedingsleer (gez) --- 628.44 --- DNA --- aminozuren --- nefrologie (nierziekten) --- vetten --- voedingshygiëne (voedingsgewoonten) --- voedingsleer --- 575 --- Biologie --- Genen --- Genetic Structures --- Genetic Phenomena --- Diet Modification --- Therapy, Diet --- Dietary Modification --- Diet Modifications --- Diet Therapies --- Dietary Modifications --- Modification, Diet --- Modification, Dietary --- Modifications, Diet --- Modifications, Dietary --- Therapies, Diet --- Diet --- Disease --- 577.218 Molecular mechanisms of control : gene expression. Molecular embryology --- Molecular mechanisms of control : gene expression. Molecular embryology --- 577.12 Dynamic biochemistry. Metabolism of biopolymers and other biologically active substances --- Dynamic biochemistry. Metabolism of biopolymers and other biologically active substances --- (zie ook: voedingshygiëne) --- therapeutic use --- diet therapy --- Diet Therapy, Restrictive --- Restriction Diet Therapies --- Restriction Diet Therapy --- Restrictive Diet Therapies --- Restrictive Diet Therapy --- Diet Therapies, Restriction --- Diet Therapies, Restrictive --- Diet Therapy, Restriction --- Therapies, Restriction Diet --- Therapies, Restrictive Diet --- Therapy, Restriction Diet --- Therapy, Restrictive Diet --- Voedingsleer --- Diet Therapy --- Genetics --- Dietary Restriction --- Dietary Restrictions --- Restriction, Dietary --- Micronutrients - metabolism --- Nutritional physiological phenomena --- genetics --- Metabolism.