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Open learning.

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Today, digital platforms are increasingly mediating our day-to-day work and crowdsourced forms of labour are progressively gaining importance (e.g. Amazon Mechanical Turk, Universal Human Relevance System, TaskRabbit). In many popular cases of crowdsourcing, a volatile, diverse, and globally distributed crowd of workers compete among themselves to find their next paid task. The logic behind the allocation of these tasks typically operates on a "First-Come, First-Served" basis. This logic generates a competitive dynamic in which workers are constantly forced to check for new tasks. This article draws on findings from ongoing collaborative research in which we co-design, with crowdsourcing workers, three alternative models of task allocation beyond "First-Come, FirstServed", namely (1) round-robin, (2) reputation-based, and (3) contentbased. We argue that these models could create fairer and more collaborative forms of crowd labour. We draw on Amara On Demand, a remuneration-based crowdsourcing platform for video subtitling and translation, as the case study for this research. Using a multi-modal qualitative approach that combines data from 10 months of participant observation, 25 semi-structured interviews, two focus groups, and documentary analysis, we observed and co-designed alternative forms of task allocation in Amara on Demand. The identified models help envision alternatives towards more worker-centric crowdsourcing platforms, understanding that platforms depend on their workers, and thus ultimately they should hold power within them.

Open learning

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Open learning

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Distance education --- Open learning

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O livro Industrialização do ensino e política de educação a distância coloca-se como um trabalho sério e rigoroso ao aceitar o desafio de afirmar que “o discurso da industrialização do ensino governa a prática discursiva que norteia a política nacional de educação a distância”. O autor recorre a três ideologias que deram origem a diferentes teorias, concepções, abordagens e modelos de educação a distância: a “teoria da interdependência e autonomia”, a “teoria da comunicação e interação” e a “teoria da industrialização do ensino”. A partir desta última, faz um exame da política nacional de EAD, para mostrar que a “abordagem parte da premissa de que, enquanto a educação face a face compreende formas pré-industriais, a educação a distância pressupõe essencialmente condições industriais de ensino”, as quais teriam “como base o princípio da racionalização” que afeta o espírito, a letra e a política do processo de ensino-aprendizagem.

Open learning, home learning, distance education --- Open learning, distance education