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Progressive aging of the Baby Boomer generation, early workplace withdrawals and international trends towards longevity place increasing pressure on governments to provide economic solutions. One possibility involves promoting financial self-sufficiency and shifting responsibility from governments back to individuals. This involves, in part, promoting the abolishment of mandatory retirement ages and devising strategies to keep people at work for longer. At an individual level choosing how and when to transition can deliver psychological benefits while continuing to work provides opportunities to remain socially and intellectually connected. There are also obvious economic benefits for disadvantaged groups such as women, immigrants and less qualified workers who may be ill equipped to retire comfortably. When combined these sufficiently motivate the pursuit of solutions that overcome constraints and encourage later life employment. There are, however, two sets of competing demands, namely balancing the desire and economic demand to work longer within current contemporary workplace designs and the cognitive, physical and psychological capacities of workers to fulfill these demands indefinitely. The study of the psychological mechanisms that underlie economic behavior may increase our understanding of how bridge employment opportunities, flexible work schedules, training to move to new careers, and starting new business and franchisees might result in higher proportions of older workers remaining in the labor market. Such an approach is expected to lead to a better understanding of employer attitudes and responses to older workers with innovative workplace and human factors that encourage more years of labor force participation.

Science: general issues --- Psychology --- Retirement --- Retirement planning --- Older workers --- retirement savings --- age discrimination

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Shifts in the age composition of the workforce coupled with dynamic definitions of retirement represent important issues that influence work processes and, more generally, the experience of working across one’s career. For example, redefinitions of careers and the changing nature of working have contributed to the emergence of distinct forms and patterns of work experiences across the prototypical work lifespan. Likewise, older individuals are increasingly delaying retirement in favor of longer-term labor force participation. The study of age and work, and work and retirement by industrial, work, and organizational (IWO) psychologists and scholars of human resources management and organizational behavior (HR/OB) has recently proliferated in part as a result of such trends, along with the recognition that age-related processes are important indicators of various proximal (e.g., job attitudes, work behaviors, work motives, and wellbeing) and distal outcomes (e.g., sustainable employability, climates for aging, and firm performance) at various levels of abstraction in modern work environments. Recent theoretical advances have suggested that age, along with individual psychological factors and various contextual influences can jointly influence work outcomes that contribute to long-term employment success, including work performance, job attitudes, work orientations, and motivations. Similar theoretical developments concerning retirement have postulated individual and contextual elements that drive success in the transition from career and work roles to non-work and leisure as well as post-retirement bridge employment roles. In this Research Topic, we aim to curate a collection of papers that are representative of current trends and advances in thinking about and investigating the role of age in workplace processes and the changing nature of retirement. Our hope is to showcase various contemporary ideas and rigorous empirical studies as a means to inform broader thinking and to support enhanced theorizing and organizational practice regarding these processes.

careers --- well-being --- older workers --- work --- successful aging --- lifespan development --- aging --- retirement

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Progressive aging of the Baby Boomer generation, early workplace withdrawals and international trends towards longevity place increasing pressure on governments to provide economic solutions. One possibility involves promoting financial self-sufficiency and shifting responsibility from governments back to individuals. This involves, in part, promoting the abolishment of mandatory retirement ages and devising strategies to keep people at work for longer. At an individual level choosing how and when to transition can deliver psychological benefits while continuing to work provides opportunities to remain socially and intellectually connected. There are also obvious economic benefits for disadvantaged groups such as women, immigrants and less qualified workers who may be ill equipped to retire comfortably. When combined these sufficiently motivate the pursuit of solutions that overcome constraints and encourage later life employment. There are, however, two sets of competing demands, namely balancing the desire and economic demand to work longer within current contemporary workplace designs and the cognitive, physical and psychological capacities of workers to fulfill these demands indefinitely. The study of the psychological mechanisms that underlie economic behavior may increase our understanding of how bridge employment opportunities, flexible work schedules, training to move to new careers, and starting new business and franchisees might result in higher proportions of older workers remaining in the labor market. Such an approach is expected to lead to a better understanding of employer attitudes and responses to older workers with innovative workplace and human factors that encourage more years of labor force participation.

Science: general issues --- Psychology --- Retirement --- Retirement planning --- Older workers --- retirement savings --- age discrimination

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The Belgian government recently strengthened the conditions for early retirement, delaying the time of legal retirement of all workers, from 65 to 67 years old. These will consequently have to remain motivated, sufficiently trained and healthy, what lies on the shoulders of HRM professionals. 
This works aims to understand the impact of the policies of an institution on the end of the career of its workers. After having replaced this legal modification in the Belgian context, this work presents the different theories explaining the marginalization of older workers on the labor market. We successively present the economic, sociologic and psychological approaches. 
We than focus on some problems companies encounter because of the ageing workforce: loss of knowledge, disengagement, physical and mental strain and deskilling. This section also presents Taylor and Walker’s framework for analyzing the positioning of a company towards older workers management. 
Our third section introduces the evolutions of the bank sector, which saw changes in its economic (crisis), legal (Bale III), technological (digitalization) and competing (non-banking competitors) context. We than study the positioning of the four biggest banks active in Belgium, before focusing on the discourses, policies and practices of another bank (which will be our case study), and the experience of its workers’ end of career. 
We conclude that discourses, policies and practices must be distinguished. We also conclude that the bank, when offering attractive plans of early retirement, influences the destiny of some of its workers while not affecting others’. Human Resources Managers seem to have some of the keys of active ageing.

Human Resources Management --- HRM --- Ageing --- Older Workers --- bank sector --- policies --- practices --- discourses --- experience --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Gestion des ressources humaines

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Australians of all ages have a human right to be treated fairly and have the same opportunities as everyone else. In spite of such rights, age discrimination still occurs widely in Australia. People are often treated unfavourably because of their age, or because of assumptions made about people of that age. Common examples of age discrimination include preferring to hire younger over older workers regardless of competence, refusing to consider job applications from people over pension age, or sacking younger workers when they reach the age where adult wages will apply. There needs to be a huge shift in attitudes towards older workers, as Australia's population ages and in the process faces growing skills shortages. Workplaces need to learn to value the skills and experience of older workers. This book examines the growing size of Australia's ageing population and the issues older people face in relation to participation in the workforce and in society in general. What barriers do older Australians face, and what positive steps can be taken to eliminate age discrimination?

Age discrimination --- Age discrimination in employment --- Older people --- Ageism --- Aged --- Aging people --- Elderly people --- Old people --- Older adults --- Older persons --- Senior citizens --- Seniors (Older people) --- Age groups --- Persons --- Gerontocracy --- Gerontology --- Old age --- Discrimination against older workers --- Employment (Economic theory) --- Discrimination --- Aging --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Prejudices --- Social perception --- Employment --- Study and teaching (Secondary) --- Psychological aspects --- teaching resource collection