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Aquifers --- Hydrogeology --- Ogallala Aquifer --- United States --- Wyoming

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The High Plains region was once called the Great American Desert and thought to be, in the words of explorer Stephen Long, “wholly unfit for cultivation.”Now we know that beneath the surface, unbeknownst to the explorers and early settlers, lies the Ogallala aquifer, an underground formation that stretches for 800 miles from the Texas panhandle to South Dakota. It holds more water than Lake Huron. Indeed, the Ogallala has been referred to as the sixth Great Lake. It is the water pumped for irrigation from the Ogallala that has enabled a naturally dry region to produce up to 40 percent of America’s beef and 20 to 25 percent of its food and fiber, an output worth about $20 billion.In the forty years since the invention of center pivot irrigation, the High Plains aquifer system has been depleted at an astonishing rate. In 1978 the volume of water pumped from the aquifer exceeded the annual flow of the Colorado River. In Texas, water levels are down 200 feet in some areas. In Kansas, 700 miles of rivers that once flowed year round no longer flow at all. In short, the High Plains may be becoming the desert it was once thought to be. Is it too late to solve the problem?Geographers David Kromm and Stephen White assembled nine of the most knowledgeable scholars and water professionals in the Great Plains to help answer that question. The result is a collection of essays that insightfully examine the dilemmas of groundwater use. From a variety of perspectives they address both the technical problems and the politics of water management to provide a badly needed analysis of the implications of largescale irrigation. They have included three case studies: the Nebraska Sand Hills, Northwestern Kansas, and West Texas. Kromm and White provide an introduction and conclusion to the volume.

High Plains Aquifer. --- Ogallala Aquifer. --- The Earth: natural history general --- The Earth: natural history: general interest

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Groundwater --- Management --- Ogallala Aquifer --- High Plains Aquifer --- Ground water --- Subterranean water --- Underground water --- Water, Underground --- Water --- Hydrogeology --- Management. --- High Plains Aquifer. --- Ogallala Aquifer. --- Special issues --- Groundwater - West (U.S.) - Management

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Water scarcity is a critical issue for agriculture, and, hence, efficient management and conservation practices for agricultural water use are essential for adapting to and mitigating the impacts of current and future discrepancy between water supplies and water demands. This Special Issue focuses on “Agricultural Water Conservation: Tools, Strategies, and Practices”, which aims to bring together a collection of recent cutting-edge research and advancements in agricultural water conservation. The Special Issue intends to give a broad overview focusing on on-farm water conservation practices, advanced irrigation tools and water technologies, and the best management practices and strategies for efficient water use in agriculture.

Research. --- Biology. --- Technology. --- Engineering. --- Agriculture. --- irrigation --- groundwater --- alluvial aquifer --- water conservation adoption --- row crops --- Mississippi Delta --- precision agriculture --- Lower Mississippi River Valley --- clogging --- drip irrigation --- emitter --- hydrocyclone --- digestate liquid fraction --- wastewater --- salinity --- environments --- AquaCrop model --- water productivity --- scenarios --- tolerant --- Colorado River Basin --- drought --- irrigation management strategy --- water deficit --- optimum water use --- forage --- BEARS --- bushland --- climate --- evapotranspiration --- groundwater management --- irrigation water management --- Ogallala aquifer region --- remote sensing --- lysimeter ET assessment --- water-use efficiency --- analytical formula --- efficient design --- application efficiency --- gravity irrigation --- solar MajiPump --- water and crop productivity --- small-scale irrigation --- conservation agriculture --- Ethiopia --- sensible and latent heat fluxes --- surface renewal method --- tea plantation --- eddy covariance --- squash --- partial root drying --- water use efficiency --- soil mulch --- growing seasons --- gas exchange --- fruit quality --- Asparagus officinalis L. --- cultivars --- spears yield --- sandy soil --- water requirements --- IWUE --- autonomous landscape irrigation --- Hargreaves and Samani evapotranspiration model --- water conservation --- smart controller --- n/a

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"At the age of 33, Tullia Ciceronis died from complications due to childbirth. Her father, the consul Marcus Tullius Cicero, was utterly distraught, as his contemporary letters and passages in the Tusculan Disputations make clear. And in an effort to grieve, Cicero did something new in world history: for the first time, he wrote a consolation speech-not for others, as had always been done, but for himself. This was his coping strategy, and it prefigures the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius and so many other thinkers throughout history who write letters to themselves. Cicero's Consolation was lost in antiquity. In the Renaissance, a philologist named Charles (Carlo) Sigoni recreated the speech. He gathered all the extant quotations and, on the analogy of restoring missing pieces of sculpture or lost paintings, he drew on everything he could find in Cicero to write a new speech that effectively recreated the lost one. And for a while, it worked. For centuries many great scholars believed Sigoni really had discovered the speech, rather than recreated it. Alas, subsequent scholarship has proven the opposite. Signoni very probably did write it. But the authorship question is less important than the contents. The speech shows that Sigoni knew all the conventions of the Consolation genre, and the historical events of Tullia's life, at least as well as any scholar then or now. It is a masterpiece: a fascinating read in Classical Latin, and it deserves a wide audience"--

Consolation. --- Tullia, --- Cicero, Marcus Tullius. --- Consolatio. --- Adolescence. --- Agamedes. --- Aquifer. --- Atheism. --- Bou Craa. --- Carbon cycle. --- Cenozoic. --- Cetacea. --- Chaldea. --- Chemical reaction. --- Christian mortalism. --- Climate change. --- Crantor (mythology). --- Critical thinking. --- Crocodilia. --- Crop circle. --- Crying. --- Deep sea. --- Drinking water. --- Ectotherm. --- Electricity. --- Fauna. --- Fertilisation. --- Fertilizer. --- Fossil fuel. --- Fresh water. --- Generosity. --- Genre. --- Gnaeus (praenomen). --- Grandparent. --- Greatness. --- Greenhouse gas. --- Grief. --- Groundwater flow. --- Groundwater. --- Herodotus. --- Historical fiction. --- Homily. --- Hydrophiinae. --- Ichthyosaur. --- In Death. --- Inner peace. --- Integument. --- Lactation. --- Late Triassic. --- Literature. --- Mammal. --- Man alone (stock character). --- Marine biology. --- Marine mammal. --- Marine reptile. --- Mesozoic. --- Metabolism. --- Microstructure. --- Mining (military). --- Misery (novel). --- Misfortune (folk tale). --- Mosasaur. --- Neglect. --- Ogallala Aquifer. --- Oral tradition. --- Our Children. --- Pelagic zone. --- Petrarch. --- Phosphorus. --- Photosynthesis. --- Plesiosauria. --- Praetor. --- Predation. --- Priam. --- Proboscidea. --- Proverb. --- Rain. --- Reptile. --- Salt. --- Screaming. --- Sea turtle. --- Seawater. --- Sirenia. --- Skeleton. --- Soft tissue. --- Soil salinity. --- Soil. --- Stoicism. --- Surface water. --- Technology. --- Terence. --- Tetrapod. --- The Masses. --- The Stages of Life. --- Theramenes. --- Thermoregulation. --- Treatise. --- Tributary. --- Tullia Ciceronis. --- Vertebral column. --- Volition (psychology). --- Water bird. --- Water supply. --- Water use.