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"Thorough 1992 study adds much to our understanding of cross-border textile industries: variation, because it focuses on Guatemala and includes the candy industry; depth, because it ranges from the global economic context, to national developmental challenges, to industrial sectors and firms, to structured interviews, especially with female workers; and balance. Of special interest: the maquilas' global linkages, women's interview comments, and union-organizing efforts"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57.

Offshore assembly industry

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"This paper identifies and estimates the strength of the reduction in poverty linked to improved opportunities for women in the expanding maquila sector. A simulation exercise shows that, at a given point in time, poverty in Honduras would have been 1.5 percentage points higher had the maquila sector not existed. Of this increase in poverty, 0.35 percentage points is attributable to the wage premium paid to maquila workers, 0.1 percentage points to the wage premium received by women in the maquila sector, and 1 percentage point to employment creation. Given that female maquila workers represent only 1.1 percent of the active population in Honduras, this contribution to poverty reduction is significant. "--World Bank web site.

Offshore assembly industry --- Poverty --- Women --- Employment

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The opening of free trade agreements in the 1980s caused major economic changes in Mexico and the United States. These economic activities spawned dramatic social changes in Mexican society. One young Mexican woman, Anay Palomeque de Carrillo, rode the tumultuous wave of these economic activities from her rural home in tropical southern Mexico to the factories in the harsh desert lands of Ciudad Juárez during the early years of the city’s notorious violence. During her years as an education professor at the University of Texas at El Paso, author Elaine Hampton researched Mexican education in border factory (maquiladora) communities. On one trip across the border into Ciudad Juárez, she met Anay, who became her guide in uncovering the complexities of a factory laborer’s experiences in these turbulent times. Hampton here provides an exploration of education in an era of dramatic social and economic upheaval in rural and urban Mexico. This critical ethnographic case study presents Anay’s experiences in a series of narrative essays addressing the economic, social, and political context of her world. This young Mexican woman leads us through Ciudad Juárez in its most violent years, into women’s experiences in the factories, around family and religious commitments as well as personal illness, and on to her achievement of an education through perseverance and creativity.

Women --- Offshore assembly industry --- Education --- Social conditions.

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International business enterprises. --- Manufacturing industries --- Offshore assembly industry. --- International cooperation.

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Theoretical and empirical perspectives on the fragmentation of production processes across borders, shedding light on global sourcing decisions and their economic effects.

Contracting out. --- Offshore assembly industry. --- ECONOMICS/Trade & Development