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Sports officiating --- Arbitrage (Sports)

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"For a long time, various different lobbying sectors have claimed that the use of video technology is an effective aid in decision-making. Now the IFAB has taken a historic step in the approval of experiments on the use of video to provide support to football refereeing. The Use of Video Technologies in Refereeing Football and Other Sportsanalyses the capacity of audio-visual technology from different perspectives to help understand the best implementation of the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) system in football and, more generally, in other sports. This book addresses in-depth interdisciplinary viewpoints on the need and the opportunity of the implementation procedures regarding how to use it, considering that it could lead to very important changes. The bookgoes on to examine various approaches to themost interesting topics for players, amateurs, coaches, referees and referees coaches. Offering viewpoints from both academics and professionals, this new volume addresses the VAR issue in a multidisciplinary way, analysing the implications of video replay application in football from the perspective of players, coaches, television professionals, referees, amateurs, sports lawyers, media and educators."

Sports --- Sports officiating. --- Arbitrage (sports) --- Technological innovations. --- Innovation.

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This book analyzes the 2018 and 2019 men's and women's World Cups to understand how the use of Video Assistant Referees (VAR) affected each tournament. Unlike goal technology, where the decision is entirely left to the machine's algorithm, the VAR still has a human component, making it prone to errors and controversies. Building on the theories of justice, the book quantitatively reviews event-level data while using a historical perspective to depict a novel approach to the effects of VAR in major soccer tournaments. The six chapters examine the use of VAR, discuss when it was not used (but maybe should have been used), and explore how the World Cup evolved with the new technology. Combining the VAR events of 2018 and 2019 with comparable situations from past World Cups guides the reader into debating the meaning of justice and the potential of ever achieving fairness in soccer.

Soccer --- Sports officiating --- Arbitrage (Sports) --- Refereeing --- Technological innovations. --- Innovations. --- Association football --- English football --- European football --- Football (Soccer) --- Football --- Judging (Sports) --- Officiating, Sports --- Refereeing (Sports) --- Scoring (Sports) --- Umpiring (Sports) --- Occupations

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An in-depth look at the intersection of judgment and statistics in baseballScouting and scoring are considered fundamentally different ways of ascertaining value in baseball. Scouting seems to rely on experience and intuition, scoring on performance metrics and statistics. In Scouting and Scoring, Christopher Phillips rejects these simplistic divisions. He shows how both scouts and scorers rely on numbers, bureaucracy, trust, and human labor in order to make sound judgments about the value of baseball players.Tracing baseball's story from the nineteenth century to today, Phillips explains that the sport was one of the earliest and most consequential fields for the introduction of numerical analysis. New technologies and methods of data collection were supposed to enable teams to quantify the drafting and managing of players-replacing scouting with scoring. But that's not how things turned out. Over the decades, scouting and scoring started looking increasingly similar. Scouts expressed their judgments in highly formulaic ways, using numerical grades and scientific instruments to evaluate players. Scorers drew on moral judgments, depended on human labor to maintain and correct data, and designed bureaucratic systems to make statistics appear reliable. From the invention of official scorers and Statcast to the creation of the Major League Scouting Bureau, the history of baseball reveals the inextricable connections between human expertise and data science.A unique consideration of the role of quantitative measurement and human judgment, Scouting and Scoring provides an entirely fresh understanding of baseball by showing what the sport reveals about reliable knowledge in the modern world.

Baseball --- Sports officiating. --- SPORTS & RECREATION / Baseball / Statistics. --- Judging (Sports) --- Officiating, Sports --- Refereeing (Sports) --- Scoring (Sports) --- Umpiring (Sports) --- Occupations --- Baseball scouting --- Baseball players --- Scouting (Athletics) --- Scouting. --- Selection and appointment --- Sports --- Field sports --- Pastimes --- Recreations --- Recreation --- Athletics --- Games --- Outdoor life --- Physical education and training --- Base-ball --- Ball games --- Scouting

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Sports --- Arbitration and award. --- Conflict of laws --- Law and legislation. --- Sports officiating --- Arbitrage (Sports) --- Arbitrage (Droit international privé) --- Law and legislation --- Arbitration and award --- Droit --- Court of Arbitration for Sport --- Sports - Law and legislation. --- Conflict of laws - Arbitration and award. --- Acqui 2006