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A vital and underappreciated dimension of social interaction is the way individuals justify their actions to others, instinctively drawing on their experience to appeal to principles they hope will command respect. Individuals, however, often misread situations, and many disagreements can be explained by people appealing, knowingly and unknowingly, to different principles. On Justification is the first English translation of Luc Boltanski and Laurent Thevenot's ambitious theoretical examination of these phenomena, a book that has already had a huge impact on French sociology and is likely to h.

Social sciences --- Economics --- Justification (Theory of knowledge) --- Philosophy. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Abjection. --- Acquiescence. --- Ad hominem. --- Ambiguity. --- Anecdote. --- Antinomy. --- Apathy. --- Arbitrariness. --- Attempt. --- Calculation. --- Common good. --- Competition (economics). --- Concurrence. --- Consciousness. --- Consideration. --- Conspiracy of silence (expression). --- Controversy. --- Criticism. --- Critique. --- Deliberation. --- Denunciation. --- Determination. --- Divine law. --- Division of labour. --- Double Movement. --- Economics. --- Etiquette. --- Eugenics. --- Explanation. --- Externality. --- Externalization. --- False consciousness. --- Fraud. --- Hedonism. --- Holism. --- Honour. --- Household. --- Hypocrisy. --- Hypothesis. --- Impasse. --- Impossibility. --- Impulsivity. --- Individualism. --- Information asymmetry. --- Institution. --- Know-how. --- Legitimacy (political). --- Liberalism. --- Medium of exchange. --- Michael Polanyi. --- Morality. --- Multitude. --- Necessity. --- Obedience (human behavior). --- Obscenity. --- Obsolescence. --- Occam's razor. --- Opportunism. --- Paternalism. --- Political philosophy. --- Politique. --- Prejudice. --- Pride. --- Principle. --- Public morality. --- Public opinion. --- Public sphere. --- Relativism. --- Religion. --- Requirement. --- Result. --- Rhetoric. --- Science. --- Scientism. --- Self-control. --- Self-deception. --- Self-interest. --- Self-love. --- Slavery. --- Social criticism. --- Social science. --- Sociology. --- Sovereignty. --- State of nature. --- Superiority (short story). --- Synderesis. --- Synecdoche. --- The Philosopher. --- Theory of Forms. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Torture. --- Uncertainty. --- Union Movement. --- Uniqueness. --- Utilitarianism. --- Value (ethics). --- Wealth. --- Writing. --- Émile Durkheim.

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This study of the metaphysics of G. W. Leibniz gives a clear picture of his philosophical development within the general scheme of seventeenth-century natural philosophy. Catherine Wilson examines the shifts in Leibniz's thinking as he confronted the major philosophical problems of his era. Beginning with his interest in artificial languages and calculi for proof and discovery, the author proceeds to an examination of Leibniz's early theories of matter and motion, to the phenomenalistic turn in his theory of substance and his subsequent de-emphasis of logical determinism, and finally to his doctrines of harmony and optimization. Specific attention is given to Leibniz's understanding of Descartes and his successors, Malebranche and Spinoza, and the English philosophers Newton, Cudworth, and Locke.Wilson analyzes Leibniz's complex response to the new mechanical philosophy, his discontent with the foundations on which it rested, and his return to the past to locate the resources for reconstructing it. She argues that the continuum-problem is the key to an understanding not only of Leibniz's monadology but also of his views on the substantiality of the self and the impossibility of external causal influence. A final chapter considers the problem of Leibniz-reception in the post-Kantian era, and the difficulty of coming to terms with a metaphysics that is not only philosophically "critical" but, at the same time, "compensatory."Originally published in 2050.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, --- Métaphysique --- Metaphysics --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm --- Métaphysique. --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, - Freiherr von, - 1646-1716 --- History --- Philosophy --- God --- Ontology --- Philosophy of mind --- Leibnitz, Gottfried Wilhelm --- A History of Western Philosophy. --- A priori and a posteriori. --- Analogy. --- Anti-realism. --- Antinomy. --- Antithesis. --- Aphorism. --- Aristotle. --- Athanasius Kircher. --- Atheism. --- Atomism. --- Baruch Spinoza. --- Cambridge Platonists. --- Cartesianism. --- Christian mortalism. --- Circular reasoning. --- Conatus. --- Concept. --- Consciousness. --- Contingency (philosophy). --- Contradiction. --- Conventionalism. --- Critical philosophy. --- Critique of Pure Reason. --- Critique. --- David Hume. --- Eclecticism. --- Erudition. --- Ex nihilo. --- Existence of God. --- Explanation. --- Falsity. --- Fine-tuning. --- First principle. --- Freethought. --- God. --- Good and evil. --- Horror vacui (physics). --- Hypothesis. --- Idealism. --- Identity and change. --- Identity of indiscernibles. --- Impenetrability. --- Infinite regress. --- Infinitesimal. --- Intuitionism. --- Logic. --- Logical Investigations (Husserl). --- Lullism. --- Luminiferous aether. --- Materialism. --- Metempsychosis. --- Monadology. --- Moral absolutism. --- Multitude. --- Natural theology. --- Naturalness (physics). --- Necessitarianism. --- New Essays on Human Understanding. --- Occam's razor. --- Occasionalism. --- Ontological argument. --- Pelagianism. --- Pessimism. --- Phenomenalism. --- Phenomenon. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophical language. --- Philosophical progress. --- Philosophy. --- Pre-established harmony. --- Predestination. --- Primitive notion. --- Problem of evil. --- Rationalism. --- Reality. --- Reason. --- Religion. --- Scholasticism. --- Self-deception. --- Solipsism. --- Spinozism. --- State of nature. --- Superiority (short story). --- Tabula rasa. --- The Assayer. --- The Mind of God. --- The Philosopher. --- The Soul of the World. --- Theodicy. --- Theology. --- Theory of Forms. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Tractatus Theologico-Politicus. --- Truth. --- Two Treatises of Government. --- Unobservable. --- Voluntarism (philosophy). --- Zeno's paradoxes.

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Arguing that the comic is a quality of literary works of art in other forms as well as comedy, George McFadden finds its essence in the maintenance of some literary feature--a situation, a character--as itself despite threats to alter it.Originally published in 1982.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Comique. --- Comic, The. --- Ludicrous, The --- Ridiculous, The --- Comedy --- Wit and humor --- Absalom and Achitophel. --- Absurdity. --- Aeschylus. --- Ancient Greek comedy. --- Anguish. --- Antinomianism. --- Antithesis. --- Aphorism. --- Apollonian and Dionysian. --- Archetype. --- Aristophanes. --- Aristotle. --- Arthur Schopenhauer. --- Bildungsroman. --- Blaise Cendrars. --- Busybody. --- Classicism. --- Comedy. --- Comic book. --- Consciousness. --- Criticism. --- Cynthia's Revels. --- Donald Barthelme. --- Edmund Husserl. --- Envy. --- Erudition. --- Essay. --- Ethos. --- Existentialism. --- Fabliau. --- Farce. --- Fiction. --- Franz Kafka. --- François Rabelais. --- Gallows humor. --- Genre. --- Good and evil. --- Henri Bergson. --- Hubris. --- Humour. --- Hyperbole. --- Irony. --- Jacques Derrida. --- John Hawkes (novelist). --- Joke. --- Last man. --- Laughter. --- Leveling (philosophy). --- Libido. --- Literary theory. --- Literature. --- Malapropism. --- Max Brod. --- Meanness. --- Melange (fictional drug). --- Metonymy. --- Miasma (Greek mythology). --- Modernity. --- Monomania. --- Narcissism. --- Obscenity. --- Occam's razor. --- Old Comedy. --- Parody. --- Philosophical language. --- Pity. --- Plautus. --- Poetaster. --- Political satire. --- Reality principle. --- Reality. --- Ridicule. --- Roland Barthes. --- Romanticism. --- Satire. --- Schadenfreude. --- Self-Reliance. --- Self-deception. --- Self-interest. --- Sentimentality. --- Seriousness. --- Sexual Desire (book). --- Sick comedy. --- Superiority (short story). --- Søren Kierkegaard. --- Terence. --- The Birth of Tragedy. --- The Man of Mode. --- The Praise of Folly. --- The Realist. --- Thomas Kuhn. --- Thought. --- Thus Spoke Zarathustra. --- Tragedy. --- Tragic hero. --- Tragicomedy. --- Uriah Heep. --- Utilitarianism. --- William Shakespeare. --- Writing.

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Gregory Vlastos (1907-1991) was one of the twentieth century's most influential scholars of ancient philosophy. Over a span of more than fifty years, he published essays and book reviews that established his place as a leading authority on early Greek philosophy. The two volumes that comprise Studies in Greek Philosophy include nearly forty contributions by this acknowledged master of the philosophical essay. Many of these pieces are now considered to be classics in the field. Perhaps more than any other modern scholar, Gregory Vlastos was responsible for raising standards of research, analysis, and exposition in classical philosophy to new levels of excellence. His essays have served as paradigms of scholarship for several generations. Available for the first time in a comprehensive collection, these contributions reveal the author's ability to combine the skills of a philosopher, philologist, and historian of ideas in addressing some of the most difficult problems of ancient philosophy. Volume I collects Vlastos's essays on Presocratic philosophy. Wide-ranging concept studies link Greek science, religion, and politics with philosophy. Individual studies illuminate the thought of major philosophers such as Heraclitus, Parmenides, Anaxagoras, and Democritus. A magisterial series of studies on Zeno of Elea reveals the author's power in source criticism and logical analysis. Volume II contains essays on the thought of Socrates, Plato, and later thinkers and essays dealing with ethical, social, and political issues as well as metaphysics, science, and the foundations of mathematics.

Philosophy, Ancient. --- Ad hominem. --- Aeschylus. --- Agnosticism. --- Analogy. --- Anamnesis (philosophy). --- Ancient philosophy. --- Anytus. --- Apology (Plato). --- Aristophanes. --- Aristotelianism. --- Aristotle. --- Atomism. --- Callicles. --- Classical Latin. --- Conjecture (textual criticism). --- Contingency (philosophy). --- Contradiction. --- Copernican Revolution (metaphor). --- Criticism. --- Culture of Greece. --- Demiurge. --- Democritus. --- Dialectician. --- Epicureanism. --- Epicurus. --- Essay. --- Eudaimonia. --- Euripides. --- Euthyphro (prophet). --- Euthyphro. --- Explanation. --- Geometry. --- Good and evil. --- Greek Philosophy. --- Greek literature. --- Greek mathematics. --- Hippasus. --- Hypothesis. --- Inference. --- Infinite regress. --- Kantianism. --- Law court (ancient Athens). --- Leucippus. --- Leveling (philosophy). --- Metaphysics. --- Morality. --- Multitude. --- Nicomachean Ethics. --- Occam's razor. --- Ontology. --- Parmenides (dialogue). --- Parmenides. --- Petrarch. --- Phaedo. --- Phaedrus (dialogue). --- Philosopher king. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophical Investigations. --- Philosophical Studies. --- Philosophical analysis. --- Philosophical theory. --- Philosophy. --- Plato. --- Platonic epistemology. --- Platonism. --- Political philosophy. --- Polus. --- Posidonius. --- Pre-Socratic philosophy. --- Premise. --- Protagoras (dialogue). --- Protagoras. --- Pseudo-Aristotle. --- Pyrrhonism. --- Pythagoreanism. --- Reason. --- Reductio ad absurdum. --- Republic (Plato). --- Rhetoric (Aristotle). --- Roman sculpture. --- Socrates on Trial. --- Socrates. --- Socratic problem. --- Suggestion. --- Superiority (short story). --- Tautology (rhetoric). --- The Open Society and Its Enemies. --- The Philosopher. --- Theaetetus (dialogue). --- Themistius. --- Theodicy. --- Theory of Forms. --- Theory. --- Third man argument. --- Thought. --- Thucydides. --- Timaeus (dialogue). --- Trichotomy (philosophy). --- Xenocrates. --- Zeno of Sidon.