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How is the Scottish imagination shaped by its émigré experience with wilderness and the extreme? Drawing on journals, emigrant guides, memoirs, letters, poetry and fiction, this book examines patterns of survival, defeat, adaptation and response in North America's harshest landscapes.

North America -- Emigration and immigration -- History. --- Scotland -- Emigration and immigration -- History. --- Scots -- North America. --- Scotland --- Emigration and immigration --- History. --- Scots --- North America

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Emigration and immigration --- Government policy. --- Europe --- North America --- South America --- Southeast Asia --- Emigration and immigration. --- Migration. Refugees --- Latin America --- Emigration and immigration - Government policy. --- Europe - Emigration and immigration. --- North America - Emigration and immigration. --- South America - Emigration and immigration. --- Southeast Asia - Emigration and immigration.

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During the 2000S, the European Union has witnessed a significant change in terms of integration policies for immigrants. Countries like Sweden and the Netherlands, who were both pioneers of multicultural policies in Europe both significantly limited such policies in the late 1990s. Restrictive measures, requiring higher levels of integration in order to access and maintain legal statuses, have been enacted by most Western European countries since then, especially after 9/11. In October 2010, in a very polemic context on immigration and immigrant integration, the German Chancellor, Angela Merkel, announced that Germany was to be considered a multicultural failure, words that were soon echoed by the Belgian Prime Minister Yves Leterme, the British Prime Minister David Cameron and the French President Nicolas Sarkozy. These sensational statements, which by and large avoid defining the concept of multiculturalism, are based on a reaffirmation of "Western values" and strengthening of national identity. These statements express the need to review the policies on integration of immigrants, in the sense that they should be more active and voluntarist, more organized by the state and more supported by the EU. In the background, one can see fear for Islamic extremism, but also the idea that the nation states can put some obligations on immigrants, and that for a too long time we have been focusing on "those who arrive", rather than on "the society that welcomes them". This book intends to address the relationship between, on the one hand, cultural diversity resulting from migration, and on the other hand social cohesion and social justice within Western societies. In order to do this, the authors examine what can be described as two contradictory trends in recent public policies towards foreign people or people with a foreign origin : first, the policies against ethnic, racial and religious discrimination ; and second, new harsh integration policies for newcomers in Europe. This book aims to provide a trans-disciplinary analysis of the construction of "otherness" in North America and Europe.

Immigrants --- Emigration and immigration law --- Multiculturalism --- Emigration et immigration --- Multiculturalisme --- Cultural assimilation --- Law and legislation --- Intégration --- Droit --- Comparative law --- Droit comparé --- 668.1 Migrantenbeleid --- Immigrés --- BPB9999 --- BPB1811 --- Union européenne --- Intégration des migrants --- Europe --- Amérique du Nord --- Pluralisme culturel --- Immigration --- Diversité --- Europese unie --- Integratie van migranten --- Europa --- Noord-Amerika --- Culturele verscheidenheid --- Immigratie --- Diversiteit --- Social integration --- Discrimination --- Government policy --- North America --- Emigration and immigration --- Social aspects --- imigrace --- доселување --- είσοδος μεταναστών --- immigrazione --- imigracja --- imigrācija --- inmigración --- bevándorlás --- imigracion --- inimirce --- imigracija --- Einwanderung --- immigration --- imigrácia --- immigratie --- imigração --- immigrazzjoni --- useljavanje --- имиграция --- priseljevanje --- maahanmuutto --- imigrație --- усељавање --- immigratsioon --- имиграција --- invandring --- přistěhovalectví --- įeivystė --- indvandring --- sisseränne --- immigráció --- kulturell mångfald --- kulturní pluralismus --- kultūru daudzveidīgums --- culturele verscheidenheid --- културен плурализъм --- kultuuride paljusus --- kulttuurin monimuotoisuus --- pluralism cultural --- pluralizëm kulturor --- културни плурализам --- wielokulturowość --- cultural pluralism --- kulturni pluralizem --- kultūrinis pliuralizmas --- pluralismo cultural --- kultúrny pluralizmus --- pluralismo culturale --- multikulturalnost --- πολιτιστικός πλουραλισμός --- kulturelle Vielfalt --- културен плурализам --- kulturális pluralizmus --- pluraliżmu kulturali --- kulturel pluralisme --- multikulturāla sabiedrība --- mångkulturalism --- dvojkultúra --- monikulttuurisuus --- kultūrų pliuralizmas --- diversité culturelle --- културна разноличност --- kaksikulttuurisuus --- shoqëri multikulturore --- културна разноврсност --- multikulturalizmus --- pluralita kultur --- bikulturalizëm --- pluralitatea culturilor --- dubbele cultuur --- cultureel pluralisme --- biculturalismo --- societate multiculturală --- πολιτιστική πολυφωνία --- multicultural society --- plurality of cultures --- mitmekultuuriline ühiskond --- bikulturālisms --- kulturní rozmanitost --- priklausymas dviem kultūroms --- multiculturalismo --- rozmanitosť kultúr --- multikulturalisme --- multikulturális társadalom --- sameksistens mellem to kulturer --- daugiakultūrė visuomenė --- мултикултурно друштво --- mnohokultúrna spoločnosť --- mångkulturalitet --- mitmekultuurilisus --- společnost mnoha kultur --- мултикултурализам --- dvojí kultura --- multiculturalisme --- biculturalism --- kulturni pluralizam --- Kulturpluralismus --- bikulturalizmus --- multiculturaliteit --- културна разноликост --- biculturalisme --- мултикултурно општество --- πολιτιστική συνύπαρξη --- shumësi e kulturave --- rozmanitost kultur --- културна различност --- Põhja-Ameerika --- Ameryka Północna --- Sjeverna Amerika --- América del Norte --- América do Norte --- Šiaurės Amerika --- Észak-Amerika --- Severna Amerika --- Βόρεια Αμερική --- Nordamerika --- America del Nord --- Severní Amerika --- Amerika e Veriut --- Pohjois-Amerikka --- Severná Amerika --- Amerika ta’ Fuq --- Северна Америка --- Ziemeļamerika --- America de Nord --- angolszász Amerika --- America anglosassone --- anglosaxiska Amerika --- anglosaská Amerika --- América anglosajona --- angolajkú Amerika --- Angloamerika --- Amérique anglo-saxonne --- América Anglo-Saxónica --- engelsktalende Amerika --- Angelsaksisch Amerika --- Eiropa --- Ευρώπη --- Ewropa --- Euroopa --- Eurooppa --- Европа --- Európa --- hEorpa --- Evropa --- țări europene --- Europese landen --- země Evropy --- Euroopa riigid --- evropské státy --- países europeus --- evropské země --- европски земји --- European countries --- europæiske lande --- ευρωπαϊκές χώρες --- país europeo --- Euroopan maat --- paesi europei --- nazioni europee --- európske krajiny --- país de Europa --- európai országok --- Europos šalys --- pays européens --- státy Evropy --- Europese staten --- vende europiane --- europäische Länder --- europeiska länder --- integrácia prisťahovalcov --- integrimi i migrantëve --- интеграција на мигранти --- integrace přistěhovalců --- integratie van migranten --- Integration der Zuwanderer --- integrazione dei migranti --- integración de los migrantes --- vključevanje priseljencev --- migrantu integrācija --- интеграция на мигранти --- integration af migranter --- integrazzjoni tal-migranti --- integrarea emigranților --- migrantide integreerimine --- migránsok beilleszkedése --- integration of migrants --- κοινωνική ένταξη των μεταναστών --- integracija migranata --- siirtolaisten sulautuminen --- integracja migrantów --- migrantų integracija --- integração de migrantes --- интеграција усељеника --- integrering av migrerande --- integrering av invandrare --- asimilarea emigranților --- integrace imigrantů --- asszimilálódás --- асимилација --- asimilacija migranata --- integrace migrujících --- migrantide assimileerimine --- persikėlėlių integracija --- assimilation des migrants --- začlenění přistěhovalců --- integratie van immigranten --- assimilação dos migrantes --- assimilazione dei migranti --- αφομοίωση των μεταναστών --- migrantu asimilācija --- asimilace přistěhovalců --- asimilování migrujících --- opneming van migranten --- integrazione sociale dei migranti --- assimilering av migrerande --- asimilación de los migrantes --- intégration des immigrés --- inserimento dei migranti --- Eingliederung der Zuwanderer --- asimilácia prisťahovalcov --- интегрирање мигранти --- včlenění přistěhovalců --- siirtolaisten integraatio --- assimilation of migrants --- migrantų asimiliacija --- asimilim i migruesve --- Europese Unie --- Europska unija --- União Europeia --- Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση --- Európska únia --- Európai Unió --- Europäische Union --- Europos Sąjunga --- Evropská unie --- Европска унија --- Unjoni Ewropea --- Европейски съюз --- Europeiska unionen --- European Union --- Euroopan unioni --- Eiropas Savienība --- Unión Europea --- Evropska unija --- Unia Europejska --- Unione europea --- Uniunea Europeană --- Den Europæiske Union --- Европска Унија --- Euroopa Liit --- an tAontas Eorpach --- Bashkimi Europian --- Sąjungos institucija --- Sąjungos teisė --- právo Únie --- νόμος της Ένωσης --- Savienības tiesības --- wet van de Unie --- legge dell'Unione --- Europæisk Union --- unionslagstiftning --- atto dell'Unione --- AE --- loi de l'Union --- EU --- e drejta e Bashkimit --- ЕУ --- lege a Uniunii Europene --- Union law --- Sociology of culture --- Sociology of minorities --- Migration. Refugees --- diversitate culturală --- diversidade cultural --- kulturális sokszínűség --- kultúrna rozmanitosť --- kulturel mangfoldighed --- diversità kulturali --- kultuuriline mitmekesisus --- kulturna raznolikost --- culturele diversiteit --- kulttuurinen moninaisuus --- kultūrinė įvairovė --- kultūru daudzveidība --- diversità culturale --- diversidad cultural --- cultural diversity --- културно многообразие --- πολιτισμική πολυμορφία --- różnorodność kulturowa --- iolrachas cultúrtha --- Meiriceá Thuaidh --- An Eoraip --- lánpháirtiú imirceach --- Immigrants - North America --- Immigrants - Europe --- Multiculturalism - North America --- Multiculturalism - Europe --- Social integration - Government policy - North America --- Social integration - Government policy - Europe --- Discrimination - Government policy - North America --- Discrimination - Government policy - Europe --- North America - Emigration and immigration - Social aspects --- Europe - Emigration and immigration - Social aspects --- Union européenne --- Intégration des migrants --- Amérique du Nord