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Nombre (Linguistique)

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Grammar, Comparative and general --- Semantics, Comparative --- Nombre (Linguistique) --- Personne (Linguistique) --- Sémantique comparée --- Number --- Person --- Sémantique comparée

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Alex Oliver and Timothy Smiley provide a natural point of entry to what for most readers will be a new subject. Plural logic deals with plural terms ("Whitehead and Russell," "Henry VIII's wives," "the real numbers," "they"), plural predicates ("surrounded the fort," "are prime," "are consistent," "imply"), and plural quantification ("some things," "any things"). Current logic is singularist: its terms stand for at most one thing. By contrast, the foundational thesis of this book is that a particular term may legitimately stand for several things at once; in other words, there is such a thing as genuinely plural denotation. The authors argue that plural phenomena need to be taken seriously and that the only viable response is to adopt a plural logic, a logic based on plural denotation. They expound a framework of ideas that includes the distinction between distributive and collective predicates, the theory of plural descriptions, multivalued functions, and lists. A formal system of plural logic is presented in three stages, before being applied to Cantorian set theory as an illustration. Technicalities have been kept to a minimum, and anyone who is familiar with the classical predicate calculus should be able to follow it. The authors' approach is an attractive blend of no-nonsense argumentative directness and open-minded liberalism, and they convey the exciting and unexpected richness of their subject. Mathematicians and linguists, as well as logicians and philosophers, will find surprises .

Logic. --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Logique --- Nombre (Linguistique) --- Number. --- Logic --- Reasoning. --- Argumentation --- Ratiocination --- Reason --- Thought and thinking --- Judgment (Logic) --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science --- Reasoning --- Methodology

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While previous research on collective nouns in Romance languages mostly adopts a semasiological and theoretical perspective focusing mainly on one single language, the present study takes an onomasiological and comparative approach which is strongly based on empirical evidence. Against this background and in analogy to the verbal domain, the work elaborates further the functional category of nominal aspectuality which describes the construal of extra-linguistic entities as well as the linguistic means reflecting it. In this sense, collective nouns are systematically compared with other (nominal) means of expression of collectivity in French, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese, focusing especially on object mass nouns, which have hardly been studied so far for Romance languages. On the basis of corpus analyses and acceptability judgement studies, a holistic picture is thus drawn of the semantic-syntactic and derivational properties of various noun types in the synchrony of present-day language as well as of the diachronic lexicalisation paths of these very nouns. The work thus contributes to the understanding of the verbalisation of pluralities by linking and complementing previous monodimensional approaches and, above all, by placing them on a broad empirical basis.

Corpora (Linguistics). --- Romance languages --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / French. --- Collective nouns. --- Collectivity. --- Construction Morphology. --- Lexicalization. --- Nominal Aspectuality. --- Neo-Latin languages --- Italic languages and dialects --- Corpus-based analysis (Linguistics) --- Corpus linguistics --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Aspect (linguistique) --- Nom --- Langues romanes --- Français (langue) --- Noms collectifs --- Nombre (linguistique) --- Corpora (Linguistics)

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Plural marking, numeral classifiers and reduplication constitute the main means of quantification marking in the domain of grammar. The contributions in this book focus on the typological correlation between the three different strategies for quantification, as well as on some general issues. A better understanding of the quantification strategies in the languages of China will enrich our comprehension of human language and thought. The book is expected to have an impact on the study of linguistic typology, language contact, and patterns of the evolution.

Chinese language --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Sociolinguistics --- Quantifiers. --- Grammar. --- Number. --- China --- Languages. --- Chinois (Langue) --- Quantificateurs (Linguistique) --- Nombre (Linguistique) --- Sociolinguistique --- Quantifiers --- Classifiers --- Grammar --- Quantificateurs --- Classificateurs --- Grammaire --- Chine --- Languages --- Langues --- Language and languages --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Dual (Grammar) --- Number (Grammar) --- Plural (Grammar) --- Quantifiers (Linguistics) --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Sino-Tibetan languages --- Philology --- Chinese Languages. --- Grammaticalization. --- Language Contact. --- Linguistic Typology. --- Non-Han Languages.