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The Yaku sika deer (Cervus nippon yakushimae) is a cervid species endemic to Yakushima island, Japan. Living in high population density, they are facing various anthropogenic stress factors: car traffic, tourism, hunt and logging. Comparison of the stress status was made between natural and disturbed habitats and, at the undisturbed level, between individuals living near and far from the road. Faecal samples were collected in late winter-early spring and camera traps were installed for 20 days. Faecal glucocorticoids (fGCs) concentration, parasite richness, infection intensity and deer occurrence throughout the day were measured. Very low values were obtained, probably because of the season, characterised by lower cortisol level and parasite infection. The high variability in fGCs concentration in individuals living far from the road suggest they are less habituated to human stressors. Also, camera traps results indicate a more diurnal behaviour in natural habitat and a crepuscular one in disturbed habitat, suggesting deer changed their behaviour to avoid human presence. Therefore, the small values in fGCs concentration are not surprising since deer adopted strategies to avoid a detrimental chronic stress: habituation to human and avoidance of period of the day with higher human activity. No relationship could have been established between the fGCs concentration and the parasitological measures, further studies at different periods of the year are required to completely characterised the stress status in Yaku deer populations and to understand the implication of parasitism on stress in Yaku deer.

sika deer --- Cervus nippon --- Yakushima --- stress --- parasites --- cortisol --- Sciences du vivant > Sciences de l'environnement & écologie

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Between 1966 and 1980, the War History Office of the National Defense College of Japan (now the Center for Military History of the National Institute for Defense Studies) published the 102-volume Senshi Sōsho (War History Series). These volumes give a detailed account of the operations of the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy during the Second World War. The present volume, The Operations of the Navy in the Dutch East Indies and the Bay of Bengal, volume 26 of the series, describes the Japanese Navy’s role in the campaign to gain control over the Indonesian archipelago – at that time the largest transoceanic landing operation in the military history of the world. It includes, among others, the first complete Japanese analysis of the Battle of the Java Sea, a much-debated battle that ended disastrously for the Allies and opened the way to Java for the Japanese.

Military history --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Campaigns --- Naval operations, Japanese. --- Japan. --- History. --- Dutch East Indies (Territory under Japanese occupation, 1942-1945) --- Imperial Japanese Navy --- Dai Nippon Kaigun --- Dai Nippon Teikoku Kaigun --- Nippon Teikoku Kaigun --- Japan --- Senshi Sōsho --- Second World War --- Indonesia --- Army --- Cruiser --- Destroyer --- Destroyer squadron --- Dutch East Indies --- Submarine --- 1939-1945 --- World War II Period

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In Post-war Japan as a Sea Power, Alessio Patalano incorporates new, exclusive source material to develop an innovative approach to the study of post-war Japan as a military power. This archival-based history of Asia's most advanced navy, the Japanese Maritime Self-Defence Force (JMSDF), looks beyond the traditional perspective of viewing the modern Japanese military in light of the country's alliance with the US. The book places the institution in a historical context, analysing its imperial legacy and the role of Japan's shattering defeat in WWII in the post-war emergence of Japan as East Asia's 'sea power'

Sea-power --- J4884 --- J4880.90 --- Dominion of the sea --- Military power --- Naval policy --- Navy --- Sea, Dominion of the --- Seapower --- Military readiness --- Naval art and science --- Naval history --- Naval strategy --- Navies --- Japan: Defense and military -- navy --- Japan: Defense and military -- history -- postwar Shōwa (1945- ), Heisei period (1989- ), contemporary --- Japan. --- Imperial Japanese Navy --- Dai Nippon Kaigun --- Dai Nippon Teikoku Kaigun --- Nippon Teikoku Kaigun --- Japan --- History, Naval. --- Polemology --- anno 1900-1999 --- anno 2000-2009 --- anno 2010-2019

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The book opens by explaining the origins, organisation and roles of the Kempetai apparatus, which exercised virtually unlimited power throughout the Japanese Empire. The author reveals their criminal and collaborationist networks, which extorted huge sums of money from hapless citizens and business. They ran the Allied POW gulag system which treated captives with brutality and a complete lack of mercy.Other Kempetai activities included biological and chemical experiments on live subjects, slave labour, including 'Comfort Women' drawn from all races.Their record of reprisals against military an

World War, 1939-1945 --- War crimes --- Atrocities --- History --- Japan. --- Imperial Japanese Army --- Dai Nippon Teikoku Rikugun --- I︠A︡ponskai︠a︡ armii︠a︡ --- 日本. --- Military police --- History.

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1 vol. (4 nos) / year

Algae --- Algae --- Algae. --- Algas --- Limu --- Cryptogams --- Phytoplankton --- Algology --- Algas --- Limu --- Cryptogams --- Phytoplankton --- Algology --- Japan. --- al-Yābān --- Giappone --- Government of Japan --- Iapōnia --- I͡Aponii͡ --- Japam --- Japani --- Japão --- Japon --- Japonia --- Japonsko --- Japonya --- Jih-pen --- Mư̄ang Yīpun --- Nihon --- Nihonkoku --- Nippon --- Nippon-koku --- Nipponkoku --- Prathēt Yīpun --- Riben --- State of Japan --- Yābān --- Yapan --- Yīpun --- Zhāpān