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"The four volumes of the proceedings of MG14 give a broad view of all aspects of gravitational physics and astrophysics, from mathematical issues to recent observations and experiments. The scientific program of the meeting included 35 morning plenary talks over 6 days, 6 evening popular talks and 100 parallel sessions on 84 topics over 4 afternoons. Volume A contains plenary and review talks ranging from the mathematical foundations of classical and quantum gravitational theories including recent developments in string theory, to precision tests of general relativity including progress towards the detection of gravitational waves, and from supernova cosmology to relativistic astrophysics, including topics such as gamma ray bursts, black hole physics both in our galaxy and in active galactic nuclei in other galaxies, and neutron star, pulsar and white dwarf astrophysics. The remaining volumes include parallel sessions which touch on dark matter, neutrinos, X-ray sources, astrophysical black holes, neutron stars, white dwarfs, binary systems, radiative transfer, accretion disks, quasars, gamma ray bursts, supernovas, alternative gravitational theories, perturbations of collapsed objects, analog models, black hole thermodynamics, numerical relativity, gravitational lensing, large scale structure, observational cosmology, early universe models and cosmic microwave background anisotropies, inhomogeneous cosmology, inflation, global structure, singularities, chaos, Einstein-Maxwell systems, wormholes, exact solutions of Einstein's equations, gravitational wave detectors and data analysis, precision gravitational measurements, loop quantum gravity, quantum cosmology, self-gravitating systems, gamma ray astronomy, cosmic rays and the history of general relativity"--

Binary Systems --- Astrophysics --- Loop Quantum Gravity --- Gravitational Wave Detectors and Data Analysis --- Black Hole Thermodynamics --- Active Galactic Nuclei --- Observational Cosmology --- Gravitational Wave --- X-ray Sources --- Dark Matter --- General Relativity --- Cosmic Rays --- Inflation --- Numerical Relativity --- Neutrinos --- Theoretical Physics --- Large Scale Structure --- Inhomogeneous Cosmology --- Radiative Transfer --- Supernova --- Gravitation --- Black Hole --- White Dwarf --- Precision Gravitational Measurements --- Quantum Gravity --- Quantum Cosmology --- Einstein-Maxwell Systems --- String Theory --- Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies --- Accretion Disks --- Neutron Star --- Gravitational Lensing --- Exact Solutions of Einstein's Equations --- Early Universe Models --- Wormholes --- Cosmology --- Pulsar --- Gamma Ray Burst

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The theory of quantum chromo dynamics (QCD), an organic part of the standard model (SM) of particle physics, has been validated by many theoretical and experimental studies. The strongly coupled QCD dynamics controls colored particles’ (quarks and gluons) collective motion at large spacetime separations and the formation of colorless composite states (hadrons). While QCD theory and the related phenomenology aspects are being intensively studied in laboratory measurements, the possible connections of this important layer of knowledge to cosmology remain rather vague and largely unexplored. No doubt, the physical vacuum has been transformed many times throughout the lifetime of the universe and has affected its history through a sequence of events, such as the cosmic inflation, phase transitions, and the dark-energy-dominated expansion. Strong interactions could play an important role in some of these cosmological events. In particular, the emergence of a new state of matter called the quark-gluon plasma at the LHC is often suggested to provide an important source of empirical knowledge to what the universe looked like in the first few moments after the Big Bang. This Special Issue aims at creating an overview of the recent progress in these directions by focusing on the novel implications of quantum chromo, or more generally, Yang–Mills (YM) dynamics, to the physics of the early universe and critical phenomena in cosmology.

Research & information: general --- Physics --- dynamics of phase transitions --- spinodal instability --- heavy-ion collisions --- neutron stars --- dark energy --- non-Abelian gauge theory --- condensate --- QCD --- DGLAP equations --- physics beyond the standard model --- tensorgluons --- extended DGLAP equations --- tensorgluon splitting functions --- neutron star --- equation of state --- many-body methods of nuclear matter --- neutron-skin thickness --- GW170817 --- Weyl gravity --- renormalization group --- inflation --- light scalar fields --- axial anomaly --- SU(2) Yang–Mills thermodynamics --- de-percolation of axionic lumps --- cosmological and galactic dark-matter densities --- cosmology --- particle physics --- particle symmetry --- stable particles --- dark matter --- cosmic rays --- QCD in the early universe --- phase transitions --- hydrodynamical evolution --- equation of state of super-dense matter --- classical Yang-Mills fields --- Dark Energy --- Dark Matter --- gluon condensate --- effective Yang-Mills action --- cosmic inflation --- n/a --- SU(2) Yang-Mills thermodynamics --- Research. --- Physics.

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A pocket-style edition distilled from the New York Times bestsellerAwaiting you in this breezy book is a whirlwind tour through the cosmos-a journey of exploration to other planets, stars, and galaxies, and from black holes to time loops. With acclaimed astrophysicists Neil deGrasse Tyson, Michael A. Strauss, and J. Richard Gott at your side, here you will find a brief and yet breathtaking introduction to the universe, which will help you in your quest to understand how the cosmos actually works.A Brief Welcome to the Universe propels you from our home solar system to the outermost frontiers of space, building your cosmic insight and perspective through a marvelously entertaining narrative. How do stars live and die? What are the prospects of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe? How did the universe begin? Why is it expanding and accelerating in the process? Is our universe alone or part of an infinite multiverse? Exploring these and many other questions, this pocket-friendly book is your passport into the wonders of our evolving cosmos.

Astrophysics --- Cosmology --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Accelerating expansion of the universe. --- Accretion (astrophysics). --- Alpha particle. --- Andromeda Galaxy. --- Angular diameter. --- Astrobiology. --- Astrophysics. --- Atomic nucleus. --- Barred spiral galaxy. --- Big Bang. --- Calculation. --- Chemical element. --- Chronology of the universe. --- Circumference. --- Copernican principle. --- Cosmic Background Explorer. --- Cosmic microwave background. --- Cosmic string. --- Cosmogony. --- Dark energy. --- De Sitter space. --- Deuterium. --- Dimension. --- Earth. --- Einstein field equations. --- Elementary particle. --- Elliptic orbit. --- Energy density. --- Event horizon. --- Exoplanet. --- Extraterrestrial life. --- Galactic Center. --- Galactic year. --- Galaxy cluster. --- Googol. --- Gravitational wave. --- Gravity. --- Hawking radiation. --- Hubble Space Telescope. --- Hubble's law. --- Inflation (cosmology). --- Interstellar medium. --- Irregular galaxy. --- Jim Peebles. --- Jupiter. --- Kepler (spacecraft). --- Kuiper belt. --- Light-year. --- Longevity. --- Luminosity. --- Main sequence. --- Measurement. --- Metric expansion of space. --- Milky Way. --- Molecule. --- Neutron star. --- Neutron. --- Newton's law of universal gravitation. --- Nitrogen. --- Nuclear fusion. --- Nuclear reaction. --- Observable universe. --- Orion Nebula. --- Photon. --- Physicist. --- Planck (spacecraft). --- Planetary habitability. --- Planetary nebula. --- Positron. --- Prediction. --- Pressure. --- Quantity. --- Quantum tunnelling. --- Quasar. --- Real Humans. --- Red giant. --- Result. --- Satellite galaxy. --- Saturn. --- Shape of the universe. --- Solar System. --- Solar mass. --- Spacecraft. --- Spiral galaxy. --- Star. --- Supernova. --- Temperature. --- The Astrophysical Journal. --- The Pluto Files. --- Thermal radiation. --- Universe Today. --- Universe. --- Uranus. --- Vacuum energy. --- Vacuum state. --- Wavelength. --- Weakly interacting massive particles. --- Welcome to the Universe. --- White dwarf. --- Year. --- SCIENCE / Physics / Astrophysics --- SCIENCE / Physics / General

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High-energy astrophysics involves the study of exceedingly dynamic and energetic phenomena occurring near the most extreme celestial objects known to exist, such as black holes, neutron stars, white dwarfs, and supernova remnants. High-Energy Astrophysics provides graduate and advanced undergraduate students with the most complete, self-contained introduction to the subject available. This textbook covers all the essentials, weaving together the latest theory with the experimental techniques, instrumentation, and observational methods astronomers use to study high-energy radiation from space. Fulvio Melia introduces topics at the forefront of today's research, including relativistic particles, energetic radiation, and accretion disk theory. No other textbook offers such a thorough yet concise treatment of the key aspects of high-energy astrophysics--both theoretical and observational--or delves as deeply into modern detection techniques, satellite systems, and analytical and numerical modeling used by theoreticians. Amply illustrated, High-Energy Astrophysics is also ideal for researchers interested in the application of fundamental physical laws to understand how matter and radiation behave in regions of the universe where physical conditions are most extreme.Uniquely weaves together the theoretical and experimental aspects of this important branch of astronomy Features stunning images of the high-energy sky Fully describes the principal classes of high-energy sources, with an in-depth study of many archetypal objects within them Provides an excellent, self-contained resource for the classroom, written by a preeminent researcher and teacher in the field

Nuclear astrophysics. --- Astrophysics. --- Astrophysics --- Nuclear physics --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Acceleration. --- Accretion (astrophysics). --- Accretion disk. --- Active galactic nucleus. --- Amplitude. --- Angular momentum. --- Annihilation. --- Apsis. --- Arbitrarily large. --- BL Lac object. --- Bell's theorem. --- Binary star. --- Black hole. --- Boundary layer. --- Bremsstrahlung. --- Circular orbit. --- Classical mechanics. --- Classical physics. --- Compact star. --- Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. --- Compton scattering. --- Concept. --- Conceptual framework. --- Conjecture. --- Cosmic ray. --- Cygnus A. --- Cygnus X-1. --- Database. --- Dissipation. --- Doppler effect. --- Effective temperature. --- Emissivity. --- Event horizon. --- Four-dimensional space. --- Four-vector. --- Galactic Center. --- Galactic plane. --- Galaxy cluster. --- Gamma-ray burst. --- Gravitational energy. --- Initial condition. --- Instability. --- Interstellar medium. --- Intracluster medium. --- Luminosity function (astronomy). --- Magnetic field. --- Massive particle. --- Measurement. --- Milky Way. --- Minute and second of arc. --- Molecular cloud. --- Molecule. --- Neutron star. --- Nuclear reaction. --- Ontology. --- Optical depth. --- Orbital period. --- Particle physics. --- Phenomenon. --- Photon. --- Physical law. --- Physical quantity. --- Physicist. --- Pierre Auger Observatory. --- Pilot wave. --- Polytropic process. --- Positron. --- Power law. --- Prediction. --- Probability. --- Quantity. --- Quantum decoherence. --- Quantum mechanics. --- Quasar. --- ROSAT. --- Radiative cooling. --- Radiative flux. --- Roche lobe. --- Scattering. --- Spaceflight. --- Special relativity. --- Star. --- Supermassive black hole. --- Supernova. --- Synchrotron. --- Temperature. --- Theorem. --- Theory of relativity. --- Theory. --- Thin disk. --- Time dilation. --- Transonic. --- Virgo Cluster. --- Viscosity. --- Wave function. --- Wavelength. --- White dwarf. --- X-ray. --- XMM-Newton.

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A scientist’s inspiring vision of our return to the Moon as humanity’s next thrilling step in space explorationJust over half a century since Neil Armstrong first stepped foot on the lunar surface, a new space race to the Moon is well underway and rapidly gaining momentum. Laying out a vision for the next fifty years, Back to the Moon is astrophysicist Joseph Silk’s persuasive and impassioned case for putting scientific discovery at the forefront of lunar exploration.The Moon offers opportunities beyond our wildest imaginings, and plans to return are rapidly gaining momentum around the world. NASA aims to build a habitable orbiting space station to coordinate lunar development and exploration, while European and Chinese space agencies are planning lunar villages and the mining of precious resources dwindling here on Earth. Powerful international and commercial interests are driving the race to revisit the Moon, but lunar infrastructures could also open breathtaking vistas onto the cosmos. Silk describes how the colonization of the Moon could usher in a thrilling new age of scientific exploration, and lays out what the next fifty years of lunar science might look like. With lunar telescopes of unprecedented size situated in permanently dark polar craters and on the far side of the Moon, we could finally be poised to answer some of the most profound questions confronting humankind, including whether we are alone in the Universe and what our cosmic origins are.Addressing both the daunting challenges and the immense promise of lunar exploration and exploitation, Back to the Moon reveals how prioritizing science, and in particular lunar astronomy, will enable us to address the deepest cosmic mysteries.

Lunar bases. --- Space colonies. --- Space industrialization. --- SCIENCE / Space Science. --- Age of the universe. --- Alpha Centauri. --- Apollo 15. --- Apollo program. --- Asteroid mining. --- Asteroid. --- Astronaut. --- Astronomer. --- Astronomy. --- Atmosphere of Earth. --- Background radiation. --- Big Bang. --- Chronology of the universe. --- Colonization of the Moon. --- Cosmic background radiation. --- Cosmic ray. --- Dwarf galaxy. --- Earthrise. --- Exoplanet. --- Exploration of Mars. --- Exploration of the Moon. --- Extraterrestrial life. --- Far side of the Moon. --- Formation and evolution of the Solar System. --- Galaxy rotation curve. --- Geology of the Moon. --- Geostationary orbit. --- Geosynchronous orbit. --- Gravitational wave. --- Gravity wave. --- Gravity. --- Impact event. --- Inflation (cosmology). --- Infrastructure. --- International Space Station. --- Interplanetary mission. --- Interstellar communication. --- Interstellar medium. --- James Webb Space Telescope. --- Jupiter. --- Launch vehicle. --- Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. --- Lunar orbit. --- Lunar outpost (NASA). --- Lunar rover. --- Lunar soil. --- Lunar south pole. --- Lunar space elevator. --- Mars and Beyond. --- Meteorite. --- Milky Way. --- Moon rock. --- Moon. --- Moons of Saturn. --- NASA Astronaut Corps. --- Near side of the Moon. --- Neutron star. --- Origin of the Moon. --- Orion (spacecraft). --- Outer Space Treaty. --- Outer space. --- Payload. --- Planetary surface. --- Planetary system. --- Planetesimal. --- Private spaceflight. --- Project Mercury. --- Quasar. --- Radio telescope. --- Radio wave. --- Robotic spacecraft. --- Rocket launch. --- Rocket propellant. --- Saturn V. --- Solar mass. --- Solar power. --- Space debris. --- Space elevator. --- Space exploration. --- Space research. --- Space station. --- Space telescope. --- Space tourism. --- SpaceX. --- Spacecraft. --- Spaceflight. --- Spaceport. --- Star formation. --- Star. --- Stellar classification. --- Sub-orbital spaceflight. --- Supermassive black hole. --- Technology. --- Terrestrial planet. --- The Space Barons. --- To the Moon. --- Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. --- Venture to the Moon. --- Wavelength. --- Year. --- Commercial endeavors in space --- Industrial uses of space --- Industries in space --- Manufacturing in space --- Space commercialization --- Space manufacturing --- Space stations --- Industrialization --- Colonies, Space --- Communities, Space --- Habitats, Space --- Space communities --- Space habitats --- Astronautics and civilization --- Colonization --- Large space structures (Astronautics) --- Extraterrestrial bases --- Lunar construction engineering --- Moon bases --- Moon settlements --- Industrial applications --- Moon --- Exploration.