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Mathematics --- Mathematical ability --- Urban schools --- Educational tests and measurements --- Study and teaching (Elementary) --- Evaluation. --- Testing --- Study and teaching (Elementary) --- NAEP Trial Urban District Assessment.

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Educational tests and measurements --- Interpretation. --- National Assessment of Educational Progress (Project) --- NAEP --- Education Commission of the States. --- Educational Testing Service. --- National Center for Education Statistics. --- Exploratory Committee on Assessing the Progress of Education --- Committee on Assessing the Progress of Education --- Evaluación Nacional del Progreso Educativo --- Center for the Assessment of Educational Progress (Educational Testing Service).

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Reading fluency has been identified as a key component of proficient reading. Research has consistently demonstrated significant and substantial correlations between reading fluency and overall reading achievement. Despite the great potential for fluency to have a significant outcome on students’ reading achievement, it continues to be not well understood by teachers, school administrators and policy makers. The chapters in this volume examine reading fluency from a variety of perspectives. The initial chapter sketches the history of fluency as a literacy instruction component. Following chapters examine recent studies and approaches to reading fluency, followed by chapters that explore actual fluency instruction models and the impact of fluency instruction. Assessment of reading fluency is critical for monitoring progress and identifying students in need of intervention. Two articles on assessment, one focused on word recognition and the other on prosody, expand our understanding of fluency measurement. Finally, a study from Turkey explores the relationship of various reading competencies, including fluency, in an integrated model of reading. Our hope for this volume is that it may spark a renewed interest in research into reading fluency and fluency instruction and move toward making fluency instruction an even more integral part of all literacy instruction.

Language --- curriculum-based measurement --- fluency --- silent reading --- word recognition skills --- item response theory --- interventions --- oral reading fluency --- reading comprehension --- reading difficulties --- systematic review --- struggling readers --- reading motivation --- learning support --- socioeconomic status --- reading intervention --- reading fluency --- prosody --- NAEP --- MDFS --- spectrographic measurement --- KAPS model --- comprehension strategy use --- background knowledge --- repeated reading --- wide reading --- challenging texts --- oral reading --- academic achievement --- comprehension --- reading --- fluency development lesson --- curriculum-based measurement --- fluency --- silent reading --- word recognition skills --- item response theory --- interventions --- oral reading fluency --- reading comprehension --- reading difficulties --- systematic review --- struggling readers --- reading motivation --- learning support --- socioeconomic status --- reading intervention --- reading fluency --- prosody --- NAEP --- MDFS --- spectrographic measurement --- KAPS model --- comprehension strategy use --- background knowledge --- repeated reading --- wide reading --- challenging texts --- oral reading --- academic achievement --- comprehension --- reading --- fluency development lesson

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Education --- Educational tests and measurements --- Evaluation --- National Assessment of Educational Progress (Project) --- Children --- Education, Primitive --- Education of children --- Human resource development --- Instruction --- Pedagogy --- Schooling --- Students --- Youth --- NAEP --- Education Commission of the States. --- Educational Testing Service. --- National Center for Education Statistics. --- Civilization --- Learning and scholarship --- Mental discipline --- Schools --- Teaching --- Training --- Exploratory Committee on Assessing the Progress of Education --- Committee on Assessing the Progress of Education --- Evaluación Nacional del Progreso Educativo --- Center for the Assessment of Educational Progress (Educational Testing Service).

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Educational tests and measurements --- Achievement tests --- Evaluation. --- National Assessment of Educational Progress (Project) --- Scholastic achievement tests --- School achievement tests --- NAEP --- Education Commission of the States. --- Educational Testing Service. --- National Center for Education Statistics. --- Academic achievement --- Examinations --- Exploratory Committee on Assessing the Progress of Education --- Committee on Assessing the Progress of Education --- Evaluación Nacional del Progreso Educativo --- Center for the Assessment of Educational Progress (Educational Testing Service).