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This paper studies how a positive export shock - the sharp increase in garment-sector exports that began at the end of the Multifibre Arrangement (MFA) - spread through Bangladesh's labor markets. Although the end of the MFA was arguably exogenous to Bangladesh, the authors instrument export demand with OECD imports to ensure identification. The paper compares estimates of the local labor market effects (wages and informality) and estimates from wage equations that reflect the predictions from long-run, general-equilibrium neoclassical trade theory. As in other studies, this paper finds that the export shock was localized both in terms of sector and geography. Wages increased and informality decreased in sub-districts more exposed to the export shock. Unlike in other studies, these local labor market effects dissipate quickly. Furthermore, Bangladesh's export shock was sector specific, limited predominantly to the female-intensive garment and textile sector. The paper shows that, following the increase in exports of the female-intensive good, the male-female wage gap closes considerably throughout the country - not just in the apparel sector. In relatively small Bangladesh, the national labor market seems to be more integrated compared to larger countries studied, possibly suggesting that labor adjustment costs are lower in smaller countries.

Apparel Exports --- Export Shock --- Garment Industry --- Gender --- Gender and Economics --- Inequality --- Informality --- Labor Markets --- MFA --- Multi-Fiber Arrangement --- Multi-Fibre Arrangement --- Poverty Reduction --- Rural Development --- Rural Labor Markets --- Stolper-Samuelson --- Trade Policy --- Trade Shock --- Wage Inequality --- Wages, Compensation and Benefits

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In less than three decades, China has grown from playing a negligible role in international trade to being one of the world's largest exporters, a substantial importer of raw materials, intermediate outputs, and other goods, and both a recipient and source of foreign investment. Not surprisingly, China's economic dynamism has generated considerable attention and concern in the United States and beyond. While some analysts have warned of the potential pitfalls of China's rise-the loss of jobs, for example-others have highlighted the benefits of new market and investment opportunities for US firms. Bringing together an expert group of contributors, China's Growing Role in World Trade undertakes an empirical investigation of the effects of China's new status. The essays collected here provide detailed analyses of the microstructure of trade, the macroeconomic implications, sector-level issues, and foreign direct investment. This volume's careful examination of micro data in light of established economic theories clarifies a number of misconceptions, disproves some conventional wisdom, and documents data patterns that enhance our understanding of China's trade and what it may mean to the rest of the world.

International trade. --- China --- Commerce. --- China - Commerce. --- China -- Commerce. --- External trade --- Foreign commerce --- Foreign trade --- Global commerce --- Global trade --- Trade, International --- World trade --- Commerce --- International economic relations --- Non-traded goods --- International trade --- S10/0641 --- S10/0700 --- China: Economics, industry and commerce--Foreign trade and economic relations: since 1989 --- China: Economics, industry and commerce--International economic relations (incl. development aid and problems, WTO) --- E-books --- china, economics, commerce, international relations, politics, exports, imports, manufacturing, foreign investment, finance, trade, deflation, exchange rate, japan, wto, multi fiber arrangement, textiles, clothing, antidumping, reform, agriculture, property, prosperity, growth, rural, farming, production, environment, nonfiction, asia. --- Commerce international --- Chine --- Commerce extérieur