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Muḥammad ʻAbduh,

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Nationalism --- Muḥammad ʻAbduh,

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Afghānī, Jamāl al-Dīn, --- Muḥammad ʻAbduh,

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Indonesian Islam is often portrayed as being intrinsically moderate by virtue of the role that mystical Sufism played in shaping its traditions. According to Western observers--from Dutch colonial administrators and orientalist scholars to modern anthropologists such as the late Clifford Geertz--Indonesia's peaceful interpretation of Islam has been perpetually under threat from outside by more violent, intolerant Islamic traditions that were originally imposed by conquering Arab armies. The Makings of Indonesian Islam challenges this widely accepted narrative, offering a more balanced assessment of the intellectual and cultural history of the most populous Muslim nation on Earth. Michael Laffan traces how the popular image of Indonesian Islam was shaped by encounters between colonial Dutch scholars and reformist Islamic thinkers. He shows how Dutch religious preoccupations sometimes echoed Muslim concerns about the relationship between faith and the state, and how Dutch-Islamic discourse throughout the long centuries of European colonialism helped give rise to Indonesia's distinctive national and religious culture. The Makings of Indonesian Islam presents Islamic and colonial history as an integrated whole, revealing the ways our understanding of Indonesian Islam, both past and present, came to be.

Islam --- Sufism --- Sofism --- Mysticism --- History. --- Aceh. --- Afdeeling B. --- Asian courts. --- Batavia. --- British interregnum. --- Christianity. --- Christianization. --- Dutch missionaries. --- Dutch scholarship. --- Dutch society. --- Dutch. --- East India Companies. --- Hasan Mustafa. --- Holland. --- Indies. --- Indonesia. --- Indonesian Islam. --- Indonesians. --- Irshadi movement. --- Islam. --- Islamic Law. --- Islamic activity. --- Islamic curriculum. --- Islamic learning. --- Islamic thinkers. --- Islamization. --- Japanese occupation. --- Java. --- Javanese. --- Mecca. --- Middle Eastern learning. --- Middle Eastern networks. --- Muhammad Rashid Rida. --- Muhammad ʻAbduh. --- Muslim Indies. --- Muslim activism. --- Muslim nation. --- Muslim society. --- Muslim teachers. --- Naqshbandis. --- Netherlandic Indies. --- Netherlands Indies. --- Office for Native Affairs. --- Orientalism. --- Ottoman Empire. --- Prophet. --- Protestantism. --- Salafi movement. --- Sammaniyya order. --- Sarekat Islam. --- Shariʻa. --- Snouck Hurgronje. --- Southeast Asian scholars. --- Sufi knowledge. --- Sufi learning. --- Sufi organization. --- Sufi practice. --- Sufi practices. --- Sufi scholarship. --- Sufi teachings. --- Sufism. --- The Hague. --- abangan. --- colonial Dutch. --- colonial advisors. --- colonial scholarship. --- colonial state. --- colonial tutelage. --- communism. --- independent religious masters. --- indigenous education. --- indigenous society. --- international connections. --- legal practices. --- legalistic scholarship. --- local cultures. --- local languages. --- marginalized courts. --- mufti. --- muhaqqiqin. --- mystical teachers. --- nationalism. --- orthodox public sphere. --- orthodoxy. --- orthopraxy. --- pesantren. --- pesantrens. --- populist authority. --- populist mysticism. --- putihan. --- reformist thinkers. --- sayyid-led reforms. --- tariqas. --- Orientalism --- Histoire