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Alred Tauber probes the ethical structure of contemporary late-1990s medicine in an argument accessible to lay readers, healthcare professionals, and ethicists alike. Through personal anecdote, historical narrative, and philosophical discussion, Tauber composes a moral portrait of the doctor-patient relationship. In a time when discussion has focused on market forces, he seeks to show how our basic conceptions of health, the body, and most fundamentally our very notion of selfhood frame our experience of illness. Arguing against an ethics based on a presumed autonomy, Tauber presents a relational ethic that must orient medical science and a voracious industry back to their primary moral responsibility: the empathetic response to the call of the ill.

Professional ethics. Deontology --- Philosophy --- Medical ethics --- Medicine --- Physician and patient --- Science --- Patient Care Management --- Ethics, Clinical --- Health Personnel --- Personality Development --- Thinking --- Professional-Patient Relations --- Technology --- Principle-Based Ethics --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Health Services Accessibility --- Human Rights --- Education, Professional --- Professional Role --- Social Sciences --- Health Planning --- Humanities --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Social Control, Formal --- Health Occupations --- Health Care --- Sociology --- Personality --- Education --- Mental Processes --- Role --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Ethics --- Ethics, Professional --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Interpersonal Relations --- Occupational Groups --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Health Services Administration --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Persons --- Group Processes --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Psychology, Social --- Named Groups --- Personal Autonomy --- Patient Advocacy --- Research --- Economics --- Freedom --- Philosophy, Medical --- Delivery of Health Care --- Decision Making --- Physician-Patient Relations --- Ethics, Medical --- Resource Allocation --- Education, Medical --- Physician's Role --- Health Care Rationing --- Biomedical Technology --- Physicians --- Self Concept --- Biomedical Research --- Postmodernism --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Medical Ethics & Philosophy --- Physicians' Role --- Physician Role --- Physician's Roles --- Physicians Role --- Physicians' Roles --- Role, Physician's --- Role, Physicians' --- Roles, Physician's --- Roles, Physicians' --- Medical Education --- Physicians, Women --- Students, Medical --- Allocation of Resources --- Allocative Efficiency --- Allocation, Resource --- Allocations, Resource --- Efficiency, Allocative --- Resource Allocations --- Resources Allocation --- Medical Ethics --- Professionalism --- Bioethics --- Doctor Patient Relations --- Physician Patient Relations --- Physician Patient Relationship --- Doctor-Patient Relations --- Doctor Patient Relation --- Doctor-Patient Relation --- Physician Patient Relation --- Physician Patient Relationships --- Physician-Patient Relation --- Relation, Doctor Patient --- Relation, Doctor-Patient --- Relation, Physician Patient --- Relation, Physician-Patient --- Relations, Doctor Patient --- Relations, Doctor-Patient --- Relations, Physician Patient --- Relations, Physician-Patient --- Relationship, Physician Patient --- Relationships, Physician Patient --- Experimental Medicine --- Investigational Medicine --- Investigative Medicine --- Research, Biomedical --- Research, Medical --- Medical Research --- Medicine, Experimental --- Medicine, Investigational --- Medicine, Investigative --- Animals, Laboratory --- Self-Perception --- Self Esteem --- Self Perception --- Concept, Self --- Concepts, Self --- Esteem, Self --- Esteems, Self --- Perception, Self --- Perceptions, Self --- Self Concepts --- Self Esteems --- Self Perceptions --- Self-Perceptions --- Physician --- Biomedical Technologies --- Technology, Biomedical --- Technology, Health --- Technology, Health Care --- Health Care Technology --- Health Technology --- Biomedical Engineering --- Medical Informatics --- Pharmacy Philosophy --- Philosophical Overview --- Hedonism --- Stoicism --- Overview, Philosophical --- Overviews, Philosophical --- Pharmacy Philosophies --- Philosophical Overviews --- Philosophies --- Philosophies, Pharmacy --- Philosophy, Pharmacy --- Healthcare Rationing --- Rationing, Health Care --- Rationing, Healthcare --- Health Resources --- Patient Selection --- Decision Making, Shared --- Decision Makings, Shared --- Making, Shared Decision --- Makings, Shared Decision --- Shared Decision Making --- Shared Decision Makings --- Problem Solving --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Medical Philosophy --- Libertarianism --- Liberty --- Freedoms --- Capital --- Conditions, Economic --- Consumption --- Cost of Living --- Easterlin Hypothesis --- Economic Conditions --- Economic Factors --- Economic Policies --- Economic Policy --- Economics, Home --- Factors, Economic --- Home Economics --- Household Consumption --- Macroeconomic Factors --- Microeconomic Factors --- Policies, Economic --- Policy, Economic --- Production --- Remittances --- Utility Theory --- Consumer Price Index --- Condition, Economic --- Consumer Price Indices --- Consumption, Household --- Economic Condition --- Economic Factor --- Factor, Economic --- Factor, Macroeconomic --- Factor, Microeconomic --- Factors, Macroeconomic --- Factors, Microeconomic --- Household Consumptions --- Hypothesis, Easterlin --- Index, Consumer Price --- Indices, Consumer Price --- Living Cost --- Living Costs --- Remittance --- Theories, Utility --- Theory, Utility --- Utility Theories --- Laboratory Research --- Research Activities --- Research and Development --- Research Priorities --- Activities, Research --- Activity, Research --- Development and Research --- Priorities, Research --- Priority, Research --- Research Activity --- Research Priority --- Research, Laboratory --- Ethics, Research --- Clinical Ombudsman --- Patient Ombudsman --- Patient Ombudsmen --- Patient Representatives --- Advocacy, Patient --- Ombudsman, Clinical --- Ombudsman, Patient --- Ombudsmen, Patient --- Patient Representative --- Representative, Patient --- Representatives, Patient --- Commitment of Mentally Ill --- Patient Rights --- Medical Specialities --- Medical Specialties --- Medical Specialty --- Specialities, Medical --- Specialties, Medical --- Specialty, Medical --- Medical Speciality --- Speciality, Medical --- Health Workforce --- Free Will --- Self Determination --- Autonomy, Personal --- Professional Autonomy --- Paternalism --- Social Psychology --- Psychologies, Social --- Social Psychologies --- Group Meetings --- Group Process --- Group Thinking --- Group Meeting --- Group Thinkings --- Meeting, Group --- Meetings, Group --- Process, Group --- Processes, Group --- Thinking, Group --- Thinkings, Group --- Person --- Administration, Health Services --- Health Services --- Healthcare Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Group, Occupational --- Groups, Occupational --- Occupational Group --- Occupations --- Gender Issues --- Husband-Wife Communication --- Partner Communication --- Relations, Gender --- Gender Relations --- Social Interaction --- Communication, Husband-Wife --- Communication, Partner --- Communications, Husband-Wife --- Communications, Partner --- Gender Issue --- Gender Relation --- Husband Wife Communication --- Husband-Wife Communications --- Interaction, Social --- Interactions, Social --- Interpersonal Relation --- Issue, Gender --- Issues, Gender --- Partner Communications --- Relation, Gender --- Relation, Interpersonal --- Relations, Interpersonal --- Social Interactions --- Friends --- Emotional Intelligence --- Natural Sciences --- Physical Sciences --- Discipline, Natural Science --- Disciplines, Natural Science --- Natural Science --- Natural Science Discipline --- Physical Science --- Science, Natural --- Science, Physical --- Sciences, Natural --- Sciences, Physical --- Professional Ethics --- Ethic, Professional --- Professional Ethic --- Professional Misconduct --- Egoism --- Ethical Issues --- Metaethics --- Moral Policy --- Natural Law --- Situational Ethics --- Ethical Issue --- Ethics, Situational --- Issue, Ethical --- Issues, Ethical --- Law, Natural --- Laws, Natural --- Moral Policies --- Natural Laws --- Policies, Moral --- Policy, Moral --- Censorship, Research --- Role Concept --- Concept, Role --- Concepts, Role --- Role Concepts --- Roles --- Human Information Processing --- Information Processing, Human --- Activities, Educational --- Educational Activities --- Workshops --- Literacy Programs --- Training Programs --- Activity, Educational --- Educational Activity --- Literacy Program --- Program, Literacy --- Program, Training --- Programs, Literacy --- Programs, Training --- Training Program --- Workshop --- Students --- Personalities --- Human Characteristics --- General Social Development and Population --- Health Professions --- Health Occupation --- Health Profession --- Profession, Health --- Professions, Health --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Public Policy --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- PL93-641 --- Public Law 93-641 --- Health and Welfare Planning --- National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 --- Planning, Health and Welfare --- State Health Planning, United States --- Planning, Health --- Public Law 93 641 --- Planning Techniques --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Professional Roles --- Role, Professional --- Roles, Professional --- Professional Education --- Equal Rights --- Equal Right --- Human Right --- Right, Equal --- Right, Human --- Rights, Equal --- Rights, Human --- Social Justice --- Human Rights Abuses --- Accessibility, Health Services --- Contraceptive Availability --- Health Services Geographic Accessibility --- Program Accessibility --- Access to Health Care --- Accessibility of Health Services --- Availability of Health Services --- Accessibility, Program --- Availability, Contraceptive --- Health Services Availability --- Medically Underserved Area --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Principlism --- Ethic, Principle-Based --- Ethics, Principle-Based --- Principle Based Ethics --- Principle-Based Ethic --- Ethical Theory --- Arts, Industrial --- Industrial Arts --- Cloud Computing --- Contacting Clients --- Pharmacist-Patient Relations --- Professional Patient Relationship --- Client, Contacting --- Clients, Contacting --- Contacting Client --- Pharmacist Patient Relations --- Pharmacist-Patient Relation --- Professional Patient Relations --- Professional Patient Relationships --- Professional-Patient Relation --- Relation, Pharmacist-Patient --- Relation, Professional-Patient --- Relations, Pharmacist-Patient --- Relations, Professional-Patient --- Relationship, Professional Patient --- Relationships, Professional Patient --- Truth Disclosure --- Teach-Back Communication --- Critical Thinking --- Thinking Skills --- Thought --- Thinking Skill --- Thinking, Critical --- Thoughts --- Development, Personality --- Child Development --- Growth --- Healthcare Providers --- Healthcare Workers --- Health Care Providers --- Health Care Provider --- Healthcare Provider --- Healthcare Worker --- Personnel, Health --- Provider, Health Care --- Provider, Healthcare --- Providers, Health Care --- Providers, Healthcare --- Clinical Ethics --- Clinical Medicine --- Ethicists --- Ethics Committees, Clinical --- Ethics Consultation --- Care Management, Patient --- Management, Patient Care --- Sciences --- Doctor and patient --- Doctor-patient relationships --- Patient and doctor --- Patient and physician --- Patient-doctor relationships --- Patient-physician relationships --- Patients and doctors --- Patients and physicians --- Physician-patient relationships --- Physicians and patients --- Interpersonal relations --- Fear of doctors --- Narrative medicine --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects --- education --- ethics --- organization & administration --- Self Confidence --- Confidence, Self --- Psychology, Perceptual --- Perceptual Psychology --- Medical ethics. --- Philosophy. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Citizen Science --- Freedom of Religion --- Religious Freedom --- Right to Movement --- Freedom, Religious --- Freedoms, Religious --- Movement, Right to --- Movements, Right to --- Religion Freedom --- Religion Freedoms --- Religious Freedoms --- Right to Movements --- to Movement, Right --- to Movements, Right --- Employee --- Employees --- Personnel --- Worker --- Workers --- Collective Human Rights --- Linguistic Rights --- Right to Housing and Shelter --- Rights of Indigenous Peoples --- Human Rights, Collective --- Indigenous Peoples Rights --- Rights, Collective Human --- Rights, Linguistic --- arts-patiëntrelatie --- autonomie --- ethiek (ethische aspecten) --- Medical logic --- relation médecin-patient --- ethique (aspects ethiques) --- Physician and patient. --- BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES/Medicine

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A legal and moral analysis of medical decision making on behalf of those with such severe cognitive impairments that they cannot exercise self-determination.In this book, Norman Cantor analyzes the legal and moral status of people with profound mental disabilities--those with extreme cognitive impairments that prevent their exercise of medical self-determination. He proposes a legal and moral framework for surrogate medical decision making on their behalf. The issues Cantor explores will be of interest to professionals in law, medicine, psychology, philosophy, and ethics, as well as to parents, guardians, and health care providers who face perplexing issues in the context of surrogate medical decision making.The profoundly mentally disabled are thought by some moral philosophers to lack the minimum cognitive ability for personhood. Countering this position, Cantor advances both theoretical and practical arguments for according them full legal and moral status. He also argues that the concept of intrinsic human dignity should have an integral role in shaping the bounds of surrogate decision making. Thus, he claims, while profoundly mentally disabled persons are not entitled to make their own medical decisions, respect for intrinsic human dignity dictates their right to have a conscientious surrogate make medical decisions on their behalf. Cantor discusses the criteria that bind such surrogates. He asserts, contrary to popular wisdom, that the best interests of the disabled person are not always the determinative standard: the interests of family or others can sometimes be considered. Surrogates may even, consistent with the intrinsic human dignity standard, sometimes authorize tissue donation or participation in nontherapeutic medical research by profoundly disabled persons. Intrinsic human dignity limits the occasions for such decisions and dictates close attention to the preferences and feelings of the profoundly disabled persons themselves. Cantor also analyzes the underlying philosophical rationale that makes these decision-making criteria consistent with law and morals.

Conservatorships --- Informed consent (Medical law) --- Insanity (Law) --- Medical ethics --- Mental health laws --- Consentement éclairé (Droit médical) --- Droit à la mort --- Santé mentale --- Tutelle et curatelle --- Éthique médicale --- Mental Competency --- Mentally Disabled Persons --- Decision Making --- Informed Consent --- Legal Guardians --- Right to Die --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Human Rights --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Human Experimentation --- Social Control, Formal --- Jurisprudence --- Principle-Based Ethics --- Sterilization, Reproductive --- Freedom --- Disabled Persons --- Ethics --- Thinking --- Social Control, Informal --- Persons --- Health Services --- Named Groups --- Sociology --- Philosophy --- Humanities --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Biomedical Research --- Investigative Techniques --- Mental Processes --- Research --- Urogenital Surgical Procedures --- Health Care --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Science --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Social Sciences --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Ethical Analysis --- Personal Autonomy --- Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation --- Personhood --- Tissue and Organ Procurement --- Third-Party Consent --- Coercion --- Patient Rights --- Sterilization, Involuntary --- Law - U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Disabled Legislation - U.S. --- Decision making. --- Droit --- Prise de décision. --- legislation & jurisprudence --- ethics --- Decision making --- United States --- Libertarianism --- Liberty --- Freedoms --- Female Sterilization --- Female Sterilization, Voluntary --- Male Sterilization --- Male Sterilization, Voluntary --- Reproductive Sterilization --- Voluntary Sterilization --- Female Sterilizations --- Female Sterilizations, Voluntary --- Male Sterilizations --- Male Sterilizations, Voluntary --- Reproductive Sterilizations --- Sterilization, Female --- Sterilization, Male --- Sterilization, Voluntary --- Sterilizations, Female --- Sterilizations, Male --- Sterilizations, Reproductive --- Sterilizations, Voluntary --- Voluntary Female Sterilization --- Voluntary Female Sterilizations --- Voluntary Male Sterilization --- Voluntary Male Sterilizations --- Voluntary Sterilizations --- Principlism --- Ethic, Principle-Based --- Ethics, Principle-Based --- Principle Based Ethics --- Principle-Based Ethic --- Constitutional Law --- Court Decision --- Law --- Legal Aspects --- Legal Obligations --- Legal Status --- State Interest --- Litigation --- Medical Jurisprudence --- Aspect, Legal --- Aspects, Legal --- Constitutional Laws --- Court Decisions --- Decision, Court --- Decisions, Court --- Interest, State --- Interests, State --- Jurisprudence, Medical --- Law, Constitutional --- Laws --- Laws, Constitutional --- Legal Aspect --- Legal Obligation --- Litigations --- Obligation, Legal --- Obligations, Legal --- State Interests --- Status, Legal --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Human Research Subject Protection --- Experimentation, Human --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Equal Rights --- Equal Right --- Human Right --- Right, Equal --- Right, Human --- Rights, Equal --- Rights, Human --- Conservators --- Law and mental illness --- Mental disability law --- Mental health --- Mental illness --- Mental illness and law --- Mentally ill --- People with mental disabilities --- Decision Making, Shared --- Decision Makings, Shared --- Making, Shared Decision --- Makings, Shared Decision --- Shared Decision Making --- Shared Decision Makings --- Death with Dignity --- Dignity, Death with --- Guardian, Legal --- Guardians, Legal --- Legal Guardian --- Consent, Informed --- Competence --- Incompetence, Mental --- Mental Competence --- Competency, Mental --- Incompetency, Mental --- Competence, Mental --- Mental Incompetence --- Mental Incompetency --- Mentally Retarded --- Mentally Disabled --- Mentally Handicapped --- Disabled, Mentally --- Mentally Disabled Person --- Person, Mentally Disabled --- Persons, Mentally Disabled --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Compulsory Sterilization --- Forced Sterilization --- Involuntary Sterilization --- Compulsory Sterilizations --- Forced Sterilizations --- Involuntary Sterilizations --- Sterilization, Compulsory --- Sterilization, Forced --- Sterilizations, Compulsory --- Sterilizations, Forced --- Sterilizations, Involuntary --- Patient's Rights --- Patients' Rights --- Right to Treatment --- Patient Right --- Patient's Right --- Patients Rights --- Patients' Right --- Right to Treatments --- Right, Patient --- Right, Patient's --- Right, Patients' --- Rights, Patient --- Rights, Patient's --- Rights, Patients' --- Treatment, Right to --- Treatments, Right to --- Involuntary Fertility Control --- Fertility Control, Involuntary --- Donor Cards --- Organ Donation --- Required Organ Donation Request --- Required Request --- Tissue Donation --- Organ Procurement --- Organ Procurement Systems --- Tissue Procurement --- Card, Donor --- Cards, Donor --- Donor Card --- Organ Donations --- Organ Procurement System --- Organ Procurements --- Required Requests --- Tissue Donations --- Tissue Procurements --- Human Dignity --- Dignity, Human --- Nontherapeutic Research --- Research, Nontherapeutic --- Human Experimentation, Nontherapeutic --- Experimentation, Nontherapeutic Human --- Free Will --- Self Determination --- Autonomy, Personal --- Analysis, Ethical --- Analyses, Ethical --- Ethical Analyses --- Natural Sciences --- Physical Sciences --- Discipline, Natural Science --- Disciplines, Natural Science --- Natural Science --- Natural Science Discipline --- Physical Science --- Science, Natural --- Science, Physical --- Sciences, Natural --- Sciences, Physical --- Ghost Surgery --- Operative Procedures --- Operative Surgical Procedure --- Operative Surgical Procedures --- Procedure, Operative Surgical --- Procedures, Operative Surgical --- Surgery, Ghost --- Surgical Procedure, Operative --- Operative Procedure --- Procedure, Operative --- Procedures, Operative --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Sciences --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Healthcare Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Procedure, Urogenital Surgical --- Procedures, Urogenital Surgical --- Surgical Procedure, Urogenital --- Surgical Procedures, Urogenital --- Urogenital Surgical Procedure --- Laboratory Research --- Research Activities --- Research and Development --- Research Priorities --- Activities, Research --- Activity, Research --- Development and Research --- Priorities, Research --- Priority, Research --- Research Activity --- Research Priority --- Research, Laboratory --- Human Information Processing --- Information Processing, Human --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Experimental Medicine --- Investigational Medicine --- Investigative Medicine --- Research, Biomedical --- Research, Medical --- Medical Research --- Medicine, Experimental --- Medicine, Investigational --- Medicine, Investigative --- Philosophical Overview --- Hedonism --- Stoicism --- Overview, Philosophical --- Overviews, Philosophical --- Philosophical Overviews --- Philosophies --- General Social Development and Population --- Services, Health --- Health Service --- Service, Health --- Person --- Informal Social Control --- Control, Informal Social --- Controls, Informal Social --- Informal Social Controls --- Social Controls, Informal --- Critical Thinking --- Thinking Skills --- Thinking Skill --- Thinking, Critical --- Egoism --- Ethical Issues --- Metaethics --- Moral Policy --- Natural Law --- Situational Ethics --- Ethical Issue --- Ethics, Situational --- Issue, Ethical --- Issues, Ethical --- Law, Natural --- Laws, Natural --- Moral Policies --- Natural Laws --- Policies, Moral --- Policy, Moral --- Physically Disabled --- Handicapped --- People with Disabilities --- Persons with Disabilities --- Physically Challenged --- Physically Handicapped --- Disabilities, People with --- Disabilities, Persons with --- Disability, Persons with --- Disabled Person --- Disabled, Physically --- Handicapped, Physically --- People with Disability --- Person, Disabled --- Persons with Disability --- Persons, Disabled --- Law and legislation --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Community Consent --- Third Party Consent --- Spousal Consent --- Community Consents --- Consent, Community --- Consent, Spousal --- Consent, Third Party --- Consent, Third-Party --- Consents, Community --- Population Control --- Ethical Theory --- Defamation --- Lawyers --- Public Policy --- Helsinki Declaration --- Bioethical Issues --- Ethics, Research --- Embryo Research --- Fetal Research --- Research Subjects --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Social Justice --- Human Rights Abuses --- Guardian and ward --- Problem Solving --- Euthanasia --- Advance Directives --- Living Wills --- Treatment Refusal --- Disclosure --- Therapeutic Misconception --- Insanity Defense --- Comprehension --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Patient Advocacy --- Truth Disclosure --- Behavior Control --- Mandatory Programs --- Informed Consent By Minors --- Proxy --- Tissue and Organ Harvesting --- Beginning of Human Life --- Human Characteristics --- Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic --- Self Concept --- Professional Autonomy --- Paternalism --- General Surgery --- Animals, Laboratory --- Pharmacy Philosophy --- Pharmacy Philosophies --- Philosophies, Pharmacy --- Philosophy, Pharmacy --- Power (Psychology) --- Social Conformity --- Thought --- Thoughts --- Censorship, Research --- Rehabilitation Research --- Bedridden Persons --- Immobilization --- Sports for Persons with Disabilities --- Health Services for Persons with Disabilities --- Freedom of Religion --- Religious Freedom --- Right to Movement --- Freedom, Religious --- Freedoms, Religious --- Movement, Right to --- Movements, Right to --- Religion Freedom --- Religion Freedoms --- Religious Freedoms --- Right to Movements --- to Movement, Right --- to Movements, Right --- Collective Human Rights --- Linguistic Rights --- Right to Housing and Shelter --- Rights of Indigenous Peoples --- Human Rights, Collective --- Indigenous Peoples Rights --- Rights, Collective Human --- Rights, Linguistic --- Citizen Science --- Power, Psychological --- PHILOSOPHY/Ethics & Bioethics --- BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES/General

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A study of the importance of self-trust for women's autonomy in reproductive health. The power of new medical technologies, the cultural authority of physicians, and the gendered power dynamics of many patient-physician relationships can all inhibit women's reproductive freedom. Often these factors interfere with women's ability to trust themselves to choose and act in ways that are consistent with their own goals and values. In this book Carolyn McLeod introduces to the reproductive ethics literature the idea that in reproductive health care women's self-trust can be undermined in ways that threaten their autonomy. Understanding the importance of self-trust for autonomy, McLeod argues, is crucial to understanding the limits on women's reproductive freedom. McLeod brings feminist insights in philosophical moral psychology to reproductive ethics, and to health-care ethics more broadly. She identifies the social environments in which self-trust is formed and encouraged. She also shows how women's experiences of reproductive health care can enrich our understanding of self-trust and autonomy as philosophical concepts. The book's theoretical components are grounded in women's concrete experiences. The cases discussed, which involve miscarriage, infertility treatment, and prenatal diagnosis, show that what many women feel toward themselves in reproductive contexts is analogous to what we feel toward others when we trust or distrust them. McLeod also discusses what health-care providers can do to minimize the barriers to women's self-trust in reproductive health care, and why they have a duty to do so as part of their larger duty to respect patient autonomy.

Ethics, Professional --- Principle-Based Ethics --- Reproductive Physiological Processes --- Bioethics --- Persons --- Delivery of Health Care --- Freedom --- Genital Diseases, Female --- Psychology, Social --- Humanism --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Interpersonal Relations --- Genital Diseases, Male --- Investigative Techniques --- Therapeutics --- Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Ethics --- Human Rights --- Named Groups --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Female Urogenital Diseases --- Male Urogenital Diseases --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Reproductive Physiological Phenomena --- Social Control, Formal --- Philosophy --- Diagnosis --- Health Care --- Humanities --- Diseases --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena --- Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Phenomena and Processes --- Sociology --- Social Sciences --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Personal Autonomy --- Prenatal Diagnosis --- Ethics, Clinical --- Social Values --- Vulnerable Populations --- Physician-Patient Relations --- Feminism --- Trust --- Reproduction --- Reproductive Techniques --- Professional-Patient Relations --- Infertility --- Women --- Pregnant Women --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Gynecology & Obstetrics --- Pregnant Woman --- Women, Pregnant --- Woman, Pregnant --- Girls --- Woman --- Women's Groups --- Girl --- Women Groups --- Women's Group --- Reproductive Sterility --- Sterility, Reproductive --- Sub-Fertility --- Subfertility --- Sterility --- Contacting Clients --- Professional Patient Relationship --- Client, Contacting --- Clients, Contacting --- Contacting Client --- Professional Patient Relations --- Professional Patient Relationships --- Professional-Patient Relation --- Relation, Professional-Patient --- Relations, Professional-Patient --- Relationship, Professional Patient --- Relationships, Professional Patient --- Reproduction Technics --- Reproduction Techniques --- Reproductive Technologies --- Technology, Reproductive --- Reproductive Technology --- Reproduction Technic --- Reproduction Technique --- Reproductive Technique --- Technic, Reproduction --- Technics, Reproduction --- Technique, Reproduction --- Technique, Reproductive --- Techniques, Reproduction --- Techniques, Reproductive --- Technologies, Reproductive --- Human Reproductive Index --- Human Reproductive Indexes --- Reproductive Period --- Human Reproductive Indices --- Index, Human Reproductive --- Indexes, Human Reproductive --- Indices, Human Reproductive --- Period, Reproductive --- Periods, Reproductive --- Reproductive Index, Human --- Reproductive Indices, Human --- Reproductive Periods --- Feminist Ethics --- Ethics, Feminist --- Doctor Patient Relations --- Physician Patient Relations --- Physician Patient Relationship --- Doctor-Patient Relations --- Doctor Patient Relation --- Doctor-Patient Relation --- Physician Patient Relation --- Physician Patient Relationships --- Physician-Patient Relation --- Relation, Doctor Patient --- Relation, Doctor-Patient --- Relation, Physician Patient --- Relation, Physician-Patient --- Relations, Doctor Patient --- Relations, Doctor-Patient --- Relations, Physician Patient --- Relations, Physician-Patient --- Relationship, Physician Patient --- Relationships, Physician Patient --- Disadvantaged --- Patients, Underserved --- Populations, Underserved --- Sensitive Population Groups --- Sensitive Populations --- Group, Sensitive Population --- Groups, Sensitive Population --- Patient, Underserved --- Population Group, Sensitive --- Population Groups, Sensitive --- Population, Sensitive --- Population, Underserved --- Population, Vulnerable --- Populations, Sensitive --- Populations, Vulnerable --- Sensitive Population --- Sensitive Population Group --- Underserved Patient --- Underserved Patients --- Underserved Population --- Underserved Populations --- Vulnerable Population --- Value Orientation --- Values, Social --- Value Orientations --- Clinical Ethics --- Clinical Medicine --- Antenatal Diagnosis --- Antenatal Screening --- Diagnosis, Antenatal --- Diagnosis, Intrauterine --- Prenatal Screening --- Diagnosis, Prenatal --- Intrauterine Diagnosis --- Antenatal Diagnoses --- Antenatal Screenings --- Diagnoses, Antenatal --- Diagnoses, Intrauterine --- Diagnoses, Prenatal --- Intrauterine Diagnoses --- Prenatal Diagnoses --- Prenatal Screenings --- Screening, Antenatal --- Screening, Prenatal --- Screenings, Antenatal --- Screenings, Prenatal --- Free Will --- Self Determination --- Autonomy, Personal --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- General Social Development and Population --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Physiology, Reproductive and Urinary --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomenon --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiology Concepts --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiology Phenomenon --- Reproductive and Urinary Tract Physiological Concepts --- Reproductive and Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena --- Reproductive and Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomenon --- Reproductive and Urinary Tract Physiology --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiology --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiology Phenomena --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Antemortem Diagnosis --- Diagnoses and Examinations --- Examinations and Diagnoses --- Postmortem Diagnosis --- Antemortem Diagnoses --- Diagnoses --- Diagnoses, Antemortem --- Diagnoses, Postmortem --- Diagnosis, Antemortem --- Diagnosis, Postmortem --- Postmortem Diagnoses --- Disease --- Philosophical Overview --- Hedonism --- Stoicism --- Overview, Philosophical --- Overviews, Philosophical --- Philosophical Overviews --- Philosophies --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Reproductive Physiologic Concepts --- Reproductive Physiological Phenomenon --- Reproductive Physiological Process --- Reproductive Physiological Concepts --- Concept, Reproductive Physiologic --- Concept, Reproductive Physiological --- Concepts, Reproductive Physiologic --- Concepts, Reproductive Physiological --- Phenomena, Reproductive Physiological --- Phenomenon, Reproductive Physiological --- Physiologic Concept, Reproductive --- Physiologic Concepts, Reproductive --- Physiological Concept, Reproductive --- Physiological Process, Reproductive --- Physiological Processes, Reproductive --- Process, Reproductive Physiological --- Processes, Reproductive Physiological --- Reproductive Physiologic Concept --- Reproductive Physiological Concept --- Diagnostic Technics and Procedures --- Technics and Procedures, Diagnostic --- Techniques and Procedures, Diagnostic --- Male Genitourinary Diseases --- Genitourinary Disease, Male --- Genitourinary Diseases, Male --- Male Genitourinary Disease --- Male Urogenital Disease --- Urogenital Disease, Male --- Urogenital Diseases, Male --- Female Genitourinary Diseases --- Female Genitourinary Disease --- Female Urogenital Disease --- Genitourinary Disease, Female --- Genitourinary Diseases, Female --- Urogenital Disease, Female --- Urogenital Diseases, Female --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Equal Rights --- Equal Right --- Human Right --- Right, Equal --- Right, Human --- Rights, Equal --- Rights, Human --- Egoism --- Ethical Issues --- Metaethics --- Moral Policy --- Natural Law --- Situational Ethics --- Ethical Issue --- Ethics, Situational --- Issue, Ethical --- Issues, Ethical --- Law, Natural --- Laws, Natural --- Moral Policies --- Natural Laws --- Policies, Moral --- Policy, Moral --- Diagnostic Technic, Obstetric and Gynecologic --- Diagnostic Technic, Obstetrical and Gynecological --- Diagnostic Technics, Obstetric and Gynecologic --- Diagnostic Technics, Obstetrical and Gynecological --- Diagnostic Technique, Obstetric and Gynecologic --- Diagnostic Technique, Obstetrical and Gynecological --- Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetric and Gynecologic --- Obstetric and Gynecologic Diagnostic Technic --- Obstetric and Gynecologic Diagnostic Technics --- Obstetric and Gynecologic Diagnostic Technique --- Obstetric and Gynecologic Diagnostic Techniques --- Obstetrical and Gynecological Diagnostic Technic --- Obstetrical and Gynecological Diagnostic Technics --- Obstetrical and Gynecological Diagnostic Technique --- Obstetrical and Gynecological Diagnostic Techniques --- Technic, Obstetric and Gynecologic Diagnostic --- Technic, Obstetrical and Gynecological Diagnostic --- Technics, Obstetric and Gynecologic Diagnostic --- Technics, Obstetrical and Gynecological Diagnostic --- Technique, Obstetric and Gynecologic Diagnostic --- Technique, Obstetrical and Gynecological Diagnostic --- Techniques, Obstetric and Gynecologic Diagnostic --- Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological Diagnostic --- Therapy --- Treatment --- Therapeutic --- Therapies --- Treatments --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Male Genital Diseases --- Disease, Male Genital --- Diseases, Male Genital --- Genital Disease, Male --- Male Genital Disease --- Gender Issues --- Husband-Wife Communication --- Partner Communication --- Relations, Gender --- Gender Relations --- Social Interaction --- Communication, Husband-Wife --- Communication, Partner --- Communications, Husband-Wife --- Communications, Partner --- Gender Issue --- Gender Relation --- Husband Wife Communication --- Husband-Wife Communications --- Interaction, Social --- Interactions, Social --- Interpersonal Relation --- Issue, Gender --- Issues, Gender --- Partner Communications --- Relation, Gender --- Relation, Interpersonal --- Relations, Interpersonal --- Social Interactions --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Social Psychology --- Psychologies, Social --- Social Psychologies --- Female Genital Diseases --- Gynecologic Diseases --- Diseases, Female Genital --- Diseases, Gynecologic --- Female Genital Disease --- Genital Disease, Female --- Gynecologic Disease --- Libertarianism --- Liberty --- Freedoms --- Person --- Biomedical Ethics --- Health Care Ethics --- Ethics, Biomedical --- Ethics, Health Care --- Principlism --- Ethic, Principle-Based --- Ethics, Principle-Based --- Principle Based Ethics --- Principle-Based Ethic --- Professional Ethics --- Ethic, Professional --- Professional Ethic --- ethics --- diagnosis --- methods --- therapy --- Pregnancy --- Maternal-Fetal Relations --- Fertility --- Pharmacist-Patient Relations --- Pharmacist Patient Relations --- Pharmacist-Patient Relation --- Relation, Pharmacist-Patient --- Relations, Pharmacist-Patient --- Truth Disclosure --- Teach-Back Communication --- Selective Breeding --- Reproductive Medicine --- Reproductive Health Services --- Women's Rights --- Value of Life --- Virtues --- Social Norms --- Ethicists --- Ethics Committees, Clinical --- Ethics Consultation --- Genetic Testing --- Neonatal Screening --- Preimplantation Diagnosis --- Genetic Services --- Self Concept --- Professional Autonomy --- Paternalism --- Pharmacy Philosophy --- Pharmacy Philosophies --- Philosophies, Pharmacy --- Philosophy, Pharmacy --- Public Policy --- Sensitivity and Specificity --- Social Justice --- Human Rights Abuses --- Censorship, Research --- Friends --- Emotional Intelligence --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Gynecology --- Ethics, Medical --- Ethical Theory --- Professional Misconduct --- Psychology, Perceptual --- Perceptual Psychology --- Collective Human Rights --- Linguistic Rights --- Right to Housing and Shelter --- Rights of Indigenous Peoples --- Human Rights, Collective --- Indigenous Peoples Rights --- Rights, Collective Human --- Rights, Linguistic --- Freedom of Religion --- Religious Freedom --- Right to Movement --- Freedom, Religious --- Freedoms, Religious --- Movement, Right to --- Movements, Right to --- Religion Freedom --- Religion Freedoms --- Religious Freedoms --- Right to Movements --- to Movement, Right --- to Movements, Right --- Human reproductive technology --- Human reproduction --- Autonomy. --- Medical ethics. --- Bioethics. --- Trust. --- Ethics. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Health aspects. --- PHILOSOPHY/Ethics & Bioethics --- PHILOSOPHY/General --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Values --- Feminist ethics --- Emancipation of women --- Feminist movement --- Women's lib --- Women's liberation --- Women's liberation movement --- Women's movement --- Social movements --- Anti-feminism --- Trust (Psychology) --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Emotions --- Biology --- Biomedical ethics --- Life sciences --- Life sciences ethics --- Science --- Clinical ethics --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Independence --- Self-government --- International law --- Political science --- Sovereignty --- Emancipation --- Moral and ethical aspects

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Biologie humaine -- Morale et aspects éthiques --- Biomedical ethics --- Biomedische ethiek --- Biomédecine -- Morale et aspects éthiques --- Deontologie [Medische ] --- Deontology [Medical ] --- Déontologie médicale --- Ethics [Medical ] --- Ethiek [Medische ] --- Ethique médicale --- Medical care -- Moral and ethical aspects --- Medical deontology --- Medical ethics --- Medicine -- Moral and ethical aspects --- Medische deontologie --- Medische ethiek --- Morale et médecine --- Morale médicale --- Médecine -- Innovations -- Morale et aspects éthiques --- Médecine -- Morale et aspects éthiques --- Médecine et morale --- Politique sanitaire -- Morale et aspects éthiques --- Soins médicaux -- Morale et aspects éthiques --- Éthique clinique --- Medical ethics. --- Ethics, Medical. --- Philosophy, Medical. --- Economics, Medical. --- Health Care Rationing. --- Physician-Patient Relations. --- Patient Advocacy. --- Informed Consent. --- Quality of Health Care. --- Compensation and Redress --- Delivery of Health Care --- Paternalism --- Public Policy --- Social Justice --- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome --- Ethics --- HIV Seropositivity --- Jurisprudence --- Personal Autonomy --- Altruism --- Beneficence --- Economics --- Freedom --- Human Rights --- Wounds and Injuries --- Health Care Rationing --- Social Change --- Coercion --- Liability, Legal --- Physicians --- Political Systems --- Informed Consent --- Morals --- Quality of Health Care --- Occupational Exposure --- Resource Allocation --- Moral Obligations --- Patient Care --- Patients --- Physician-Patient Relations --- Ethics, Medical --- Social Responsibility --- Iatrogenic Disease --- Physician's Role --- Policy Making --- Malpractice --- Refusal to Treat --- Social Welfare --- Social Control Policies --- Social Sciences --- Ethics, Clinical --- Disease Attributes --- Environmental Exposure --- Principle-Based Ethics --- Social Control, Formal --- HIV Infections --- Health Services Accessibility --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Health Services --- Professional Role --- Attitude of Health Personnel --- Psychology, Social --- Therapeutics --- Primary Health Care --- Sociology --- Professional-Patient Relations --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Patient Rights --- Slow Virus Diseases --- Health Personnel --- Persons --- Diseases --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Philosophy --- Patient Care Management --- Social Control, Informal --- Humanities --- Health Services Administration --- Social Behavior --- Socioeconomic Factors --- Health Planning --- Health Care --- Ethics, Professional --- Policy --- Behavior --- Population Characteristics --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Virus Diseases --- Role --- Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Pathologic Processes --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Environmental Pollution --- Lentivirus Infections --- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes --- Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Comprehensive Health Care --- Named Groups --- Interpersonal Relations --- Occupational Groups --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Sexually Transmitted Diseases --- Retroviridae Infections --- Group Processes --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Immune System Diseases --- Public Health --- RNA Virus Infections --- Environment and Public Health --- Medical Ethics & Philosophy --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Social Psychology --- Psychologies, Social --- Social Psychologies --- Staff Attitude --- Attitude, Staff --- Attitudes, Staff --- Health Personnel Attitude --- Health Personnel Attitudes --- Staff Attitudes --- Professional Roles --- Role, Professional --- Roles, Professional --- Services, Health --- Health Service --- Service, Health --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Accessibility, Health Services --- Contraceptive Availability --- Health Services Geographic Accessibility --- Program Accessibility --- Access to Health Care --- Accessibility of Health Services --- Availability of Health Services --- Accessibility, Program --- Availability, Contraceptive --- Health Services Availability --- HTLV-III Infections --- HTLV-III-LAV Infections --- T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human --- HIV Infection --- HTLV III Infections --- HTLV III LAV Infections --- HTLV-III Infection --- HTLV-III-LAV Infection --- Infection, HIV --- Infection, HTLV-III --- Infection, HTLV-III-LAV --- Infections, HIV --- Infections, HTLV-III --- Infections, HTLV-III-LAV --- T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Principlism --- Ethic, Principle-Based --- Ethics, Principle-Based --- Principle Based Ethics --- Principle-Based Ethic --- Exposure, Environmental --- Environmental Exposures --- Exposures, Environmental --- Attribute, Disease --- Attributes, Disease --- Disease Attribute --- Clinical Ethics --- Clinical Medicine --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Control Policies, Social --- Control Policy, Social --- Policies, Social Control --- Policy, Social Control --- Social Control Policy --- Patient Abandonment --- Physician Refusal to Treat --- Abandonment, Patient --- Community Services --- Services, Community --- Community Service --- Service, Community --- Welfare, Social --- Negligence --- Negligence, Professional --- Analysis, Policy --- Policy Analysis --- Policy Development --- Analyses, Policy --- Development, Policy --- Developments, Policy --- Making, Policy --- Policy Analyses --- Policy Developments --- Physicians' Role --- Physician Role --- Physician's Roles --- Physicians Role --- Physicians' Roles --- Role, Physician's --- Role, Physicians' --- Roles, Physician's --- Roles, Physicians' --- Hospital-Acquired Condition --- Condition, Hospital-Acquired --- Conditions, Hospital-Acquired --- Disease, Iatrogenic --- Diseases, Iatrogenic --- Hospital Acquired Condition --- Hospital-Acquired Conditions --- Iatrogenic Diseases --- Accountability --- Communitarianism --- Future Generations --- Obligations to Society --- Social Accountability --- Obligation, Social --- Responsibility, Social --- Accountability, Social --- Future Generation --- Generation, Future --- Generations, Future --- Obligations, Social --- Responsibilities, Social --- Social Obligation --- Social Obligations --- Social Responsibilities --- Society, Obligations to --- Medical Ethics --- Doctor Patient Relations --- Physician Patient Relations --- Physician Patient Relationship --- Doctor-Patient Relations --- Doctor Patient Relation --- Doctor-Patient Relation --- Physician Patient Relation --- Physician Patient Relationships --- Physician-Patient Relation --- Relation, Doctor Patient --- Relation, Doctor-Patient --- Relation, Physician Patient --- Relation, Physician-Patient --- Relations, Doctor Patient --- Relations, Doctor-Patient --- Relations, Physician Patient --- Relations, Physician-Patient --- Relationship, Physician Patient --- Relationships, Physician Patient --- Clients --- Client --- Patient --- Informal care --- Care, Patient --- Informal cares --- care, Informal --- cares, Informal --- Moral Duties --- Duties, Moral --- Duty, Moral --- Moral Duty --- Moral Obligation --- Obligation, Moral --- Obligations, Moral --- Allocation of Resources --- Allocative Efficiency --- Allocation, Resource --- Allocations, Resource --- Efficiency, Allocative --- Resource Allocations --- Resources Allocation --- Exposure, Occupational --- Exposures, Occupational --- Occupational Exposures --- Quality of Care --- Quality of Healthcare --- Care Qualities --- Care Quality --- Health Care Quality --- Healthcare Quality --- Morality --- Consent, Informed --- Political System --- System, Political --- Systems, Political --- Physician --- Legal Liability --- Medical Liability --- Torts --- Institutional Liability --- Personal Liability --- Professional Liability --- Institutional Liabilities --- Legal Liabilities --- Liabilities, Institutional --- Liabilities, Legal --- Liabilities, Medical --- Liabilities, Personal --- Liabilities, Professional --- Liability, Institutional --- Liability, Medical --- Liability, Personal --- Liability, Professional --- Medical Liabilities --- Personal Liabilities --- Professional Liabilities --- Tort --- Involuntary Fertility Control --- Fertility Control, Involuntary --- Modernization --- Social Development --- Social Impact --- Change, Social --- Changes, Social --- Development, Social --- Developments, Social --- Impact, Social --- Impacts, Social --- Social Changes --- Social Developments --- Social Impacts --- Healthcare Rationing --- Rationing, Health Care --- Rationing, Healthcare --- Injuries and Wounds --- Injuries, Wounds --- Research-Related Injuries --- Wounds --- Wounds and Injury --- Wounds, Injury --- Injuries --- Trauma --- Injuries, Research-Related --- Injury --- Injury and Wounds --- Injury, Research-Related --- Research Related Injuries --- Research-Related Injury --- Traumas --- Wound --- Equal Rights --- Equal Right --- Human Right --- Right, Equal --- Right, Human --- Rights, Equal --- Rights, Human --- Libertarianism --- Liberty --- Freedoms --- Capital --- Conditions, Economic --- Consumption --- Cost of Living --- Easterlin Hypothesis --- Economic Conditions --- Economic Factors --- Economic Policies --- Economic Policy --- Economics, Home --- Factors, Economic --- Home Economics --- Household Consumption --- Macroeconomic Factors --- Microeconomic Factors --- Policies, Economic --- Policy, Economic --- Production --- Remittances --- Utility Theory --- Consumer Price Index --- Condition, Economic --- Consumer Price Indices --- Consumption, Household --- Economic Condition --- Economic Factor --- Factor, Economic --- Factor, Macroeconomic --- Factor, Microeconomic --- Factors, Macroeconomic --- Factors, Microeconomic --- Household Consumptions --- Hypothesis, Easterlin --- Index, Consumer Price --- Indices, Consumer Price --- Living Cost --- Living Costs --- Remittance --- Theories, Utility --- Theory, Utility --- Utility Theories --- Benevolence --- Nonmaleficence --- Humanitarianism --- Free Will --- Self Determination --- Autonomy, Personal --- Constitutional Law --- Court Decision --- Law --- Legal Aspects --- Legal Obligations --- Legal Status --- State Interest --- Litigation --- Medical Jurisprudence --- Aspect, Legal --- Aspects, Legal --- Constitutional Laws --- Court Decisions --- Decision, Court --- Decisions, Court --- Interest, State --- Interests, State --- Jurisprudence, Medical --- Law, Constitutional --- Laws --- Laws, Constitutional --- Legal Aspect --- Legal Obligation --- Litigations --- Obligation, Legal --- Obligations, Legal --- State Interests --- Status, Legal --- AIDS Seroconversion --- AIDS Seropositivity --- Anti-HIV Positivity --- HIV Antibody Positivity --- HIV Seroconversion --- HTLV-III Seroconversion --- HTLV-III Seropositivity --- AIDS Seroconversions --- AIDS Seropositivities --- Anti HIV Positivity --- Anti-HIV Positivities --- Antibody Positivities, HIV --- Antibody Positivity, HIV --- HIV Antibody Positivities --- HIV Seroconversions --- HIV Seropositivities --- HTLV III Seroconversion --- HTLV III Seropositivity --- HTLV-III Seroconversions --- HTLV-III Seropositivities --- Positivities, Anti-HIV --- Positivities, HIV Antibody --- Positivity, Anti-HIV --- Positivity, HIV Antibody --- Seroconversion, AIDS --- Seroconversion, HIV --- Seroconversion, HTLV-III --- Seroconversions, AIDS --- Seroconversions, HIV --- Seroconversions, HTLV-III --- Seropositivities, AIDS --- Seropositivities, HIV --- Seropositivities, HTLV-III --- Seropositivity, AIDS --- Seropositivity, HIV --- Seropositivity, HTLV-III --- Egoism --- Ethical Issues --- Metaethics --- Moral Policy --- Natural Law --- Situational Ethics --- Ethical Issue --- Ethics, Situational --- Issue, Ethical --- Issues, Ethical --- Law, Natural --- Laws, Natural --- Moral Policies --- Natural Laws --- Policies, Moral --- Policy, Moral --- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome --- Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome --- AIDS --- Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired --- Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired --- Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome --- Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes --- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes --- Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired --- Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes, Acquired --- Immunodeficiency Syndromes, Acquired --- Syndrome, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency --- Syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency --- Syndromes, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency --- Syndromes, Acquired Immunodeficiency --- Common Good --- Justice --- Obligations of Society --- Good, Common --- Justice, Social --- Migration Policy --- Population Policy --- Social Protection --- Social Policy --- Migration Policies --- Policies, Migration --- Policies, Population --- Policies, Public --- Policies, Social --- Policy, Migration --- Policy, Population --- Policy, Public --- Policy, Social --- Population Policies --- Protection, Social --- Public Policies --- Social Policies --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Compensation --- Redress and Compensation --- Clinical ethics --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Clinical Ombudsman --- Patient Ombudsman --- Patient Ombudsmen --- Patient Representatives --- Advocacy, Patient --- Ombudsman, Clinical --- Ombudsman, Patient --- Ombudsmen, Patient --- Patient Representative --- Representative, Patient --- Representatives, Patient --- Medical Economics --- Medical Philosophy --- Infections, RNA Virus --- Infection, RNA Virus --- RNA Virus Infection --- Virus Infection, RNA --- Virus Infections, RNA --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Public --- Diseases of Immune System --- Immune Diseases --- Immunological Diseases --- Immune Disorders --- Immunologic Diseases --- Disease, Immune --- Disease, Immune System --- Disease, Immunologic --- Disease, Immunological --- Diseases, Immune --- Diseases, Immune System --- Diseases, Immunologic --- Diseases, Immunological --- Disorder, Immune --- Disorders, Immune --- Immune Disease --- Immune Disorder --- Immune System Disease --- Immunologic Disease --- Immunological Disease --- Symptoms and General Pathology --- Group Meetings --- Group Process --- Group Thinking --- Group Meeting --- Group Thinkings --- Meeting, Group --- Meetings, Group --- Process, Group --- Processes, Group --- Thinking, Group --- Thinkings, Group --- Infections, Retroviridae --- Infections, Retrovirus --- Retrovirus Infections --- Infection, Retroviridae --- Infection, Retrovirus --- Retroviridae Infection --- Retrovirus Infection --- STDs --- STIs --- Sexually Transmitted Infections --- Venereal Diseases --- Disease, Sexually Transmitted --- Disease, Venereal --- Diseases, Sexually Transmitted --- Diseases, Venereal --- Infection, Sexually Transmitted --- Infections, Sexually Transmitted --- STI --- Sexually Transmitted Disease --- Sexually Transmitted Infection --- Transmitted Infection, Sexually --- Transmitted Infections, Sexually --- Venereal Disease --- Group, Occupational --- Groups, Occupational --- Occupational Group --- Gender Issues --- Husband-Wife Communication --- Partner Communication --- Relations, Gender --- Gender Relations --- Social Interaction --- Communication, Husband-Wife --- Communication, Partner --- Communications, Husband-Wife --- Communications, Partner --- Gender Issue --- Gender Relation --- Husband Wife Communication --- Husband-Wife Communications --- Interaction, Social --- Interactions, Social --- Interpersonal Relation --- Issue, Gender --- Issues, Gender --- Partner Communications --- Relation, Gender --- Relation, Interpersonal --- Relations, Interpersonal --- Social Interactions --- Comprehensive Healthcare --- Health Care, Comprehensive --- Healthcare, Comprehensive --- Sexually Transmitted Disease, Viral --- Viral Sexually Transmitted Disease --- Viral Sexually Transmitted Diseases --- Viral Venereal Diseases --- Venereal Diseases, Viral --- Disease, Viral Venereal --- Diseases, Viral Venereal --- Venereal Disease, Viral --- Viral Venereal Disease --- Deficiency Syndrome, Immunologic --- Deficiency Syndromes, Antibody --- Deficiency Syndromes, Immunologic --- Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome --- Immunological Deficiency Syndromes --- Antibody Deficiency Syndrome --- Antibody Deficiency Syndromes --- Deficiency Syndrome, Antibody --- Deficiency Syndrome, Immunological --- Deficiency Syndromes, Immunological --- Immunological Deficiency Syndrome --- Syndrome, Antibody Deficiency --- Syndrome, Immunologic Deficiency --- Syndrome, Immunological Deficiency --- Syndromes, Antibody Deficiency --- Syndromes, Immunologic Deficiency --- Syndromes, Immunological Deficiency --- Antibodies --- Infections, Lentivirus --- Infection, Lentivirus --- Lentivirus Infection --- Pollution, Environmental --- Soil Pollution --- Pollution, Soil --- Pathological Processes --- Processes, Pathologic --- Processes, Pathological --- Healthcare Facilities, Manpower, and Services --- Role Concept --- Concept, Role --- Concepts, Role --- Role Concepts --- Roles --- Viral Diseases --- Viral Infections --- Virus Infections --- Disease, Viral --- Disease, Virus --- Diseases, Viral --- Diseases, Virus --- Infection, Viral --- Infection, Virus --- Infections, Viral --- Infections, Virus --- Viral Disease --- Viral Infection --- Virus Disease --- Virus Infection --- Population Heterogeneity --- Population Statistics --- Characteristic, Population --- Characteristics, Population --- Heterogeneity, Population --- Population Characteristic --- Statistics, Population --- Acceptance Process --- Acceptance Processes --- Behaviors --- Process, Acceptance --- Processes, Acceptance --- Policies --- Professional Ethics --- Ethic, Professional --- Professional Ethic --- PL93-641 --- Public Law 93-641 --- Health and Welfare Planning --- National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 --- Planning, Health and Welfare --- State Health Planning, United States --- Planning, Health --- Public Law 93 641 --- Factors, Socioeconomic --- High-Income Population --- Inequalities --- Land Tenure --- Standard of Living --- Factor, Socioeconomic --- High Income Population --- High-Income Populations --- Inequality --- Living Standard --- Living Standards --- Population, High-Income --- Populations, High-Income --- Socioeconomic Factor --- Tenure, Land --- Behavior, Social --- Behaviors, Social --- Social Behaviors --- Administration, Health Services --- Informal Social Control --- Control, Informal Social --- Controls, Informal Social --- Informal Social Controls --- Social Controls, Informal --- Care Management, Patient --- Management, Patient Care --- Philosophical Overview --- Hedonism --- Stoicism --- Overview, Philosophical --- Overviews, Philosophical --- Philosophical Overviews --- Philosophies --- Psychologic Processes and Principles --- Person --- Field Workers --- Fieldworkers --- Healthcare Providers --- Health Care Providers --- Field Worker --- Fieldworker --- Health Care Provider --- Healthcare Provider --- Personnel, Health --- Provider, Health Care --- Provider, Healthcare --- Providers, Health Care --- Providers, Healthcare --- Worker, Field --- Workers, Field --- Disease, Slow Virus --- Diseases, Slow Virus --- Slow Virus Disease --- Virus Disease, Slow --- Virus Diseases, Slow --- Patient's Rights --- Patients' Rights --- Right to Treatment --- Patient Right --- Patient's Right --- Patients Rights --- Patients' Right --- Right to Treatments --- Right, Patient --- Right, Patient's --- Right, Patients' --- Rights, Patient --- Rights, Patient's --- Rights, Patients' --- Treatment, Right to --- Treatments, Right to --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Contacting Clients --- Professional Patient Relationship --- Client, Contacting --- Clients, Contacting --- Contacting Client --- Professional Patient Relations --- Professional Patient Relationships --- Professional-Patient Relation --- Relation, Professional-Patient --- Relations, Professional-Patient --- Relationship, Professional Patient --- Relationships, Professional Patient --- General Social Development and Population --- Primary Healthcare --- Primary Care --- Care, Primary --- Care, Primary Health --- Health Care, Primary --- Healthcare, Primary --- Therapy --- Treatment --- Therapeutic --- Therapies --- Treatments --- Disease --- ethics --- Moral and ethical aspects --- economics --- deficiency --- organization & administration --- therapy --- Medically Underserved Area --- HIV Coinfection --- Coinfection, HIV --- Coinfections, HIV --- HIV Coinfections --- Ethical Theory --- Sentinel Species --- Ethicists --- Ethics Committees, Clinical --- Ethics Consultation --- Refusal to Participate --- Public Assistance --- Medical Errors --- Professional Misconduct --- Decision Making --- Decision Making, Organizational --- Dissent and Disputes --- Professionalism --- Bioethics --- Pharmacy Audit --- Audit, Pharmacy --- Pharmacy Audits --- Retrospective Moral Judgment --- Treatment Refusal --- Mental Competency --- Disclosure --- Therapeutic Misconception --- Behavior Control --- Mandatory Programs --- Informed Consent By Minors --- Health Resources --- Patient Selection --- First Aid --- Traumatology --- Human Rights Abuses --- Gift Giving --- Self Concept --- Professional Autonomy --- Defamation --- Lawyers --- HIV Seronegativity --- Censorship, Research --- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes --- HIV-1 --- AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System --- Workers' Compensation --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Commitment of Mentally Ill --- Community Health --- Health, Community --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- XMRV Infection --- Xenotropic MuLV-related Virus Infection --- Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-related Virus Infection --- Infection, XMRV --- Infections, XMRV --- XMRV Infections --- Xenotropic MuLV related Virus Infection --- Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus related Virus Infection --- Venereology --- Reproductive Tract Infections --- Occupations --- Friends --- Emotional Intelligence --- Family Practice --- Environmental Pollutants --- Planning Techniques --- Power (Psychology) --- Social Conformity --- Pharmacy Philosophy --- Pharmacy Philosophies --- Philosophies, Pharmacy --- Philosophy, Pharmacy --- Psychologic Processes --- Psychological Processes --- Phenomena, Psychological --- Processes, Psychologic --- Processes, Psychological --- Psychological Phenomenas --- Psychological Processe --- Healthcare Workers --- Healthcare Worker --- Patient Advocacy --- Truth Disclosure --- Bioethical Issues --- Pharmacist-Patient Relations --- Pharmacist Patient Relations --- Pharmacist-Patient Relation --- Relation, Pharmacist-Patient --- Relations, Pharmacist-Patient --- Teach-Back Communication --- Psychology, Perceptual --- Perceptual Psychology --- Collective Human Rights --- Linguistic Rights --- Right to Housing and Shelter --- Rights of Indigenous Peoples --- Human Rights, Collective --- Indigenous Peoples Rights --- Rights, Collective Human --- Rights, Linguistic --- Freedom of Religion --- Religious Freedom --- Right to Movement --- Freedom, Religious --- Freedoms, Religious --- Movement, Right to --- Movements, Right to --- Religion Freedom --- Religion Freedoms --- Religious Freedoms --- Right to Movements --- to Movement, Right --- to Movements, Right --- Affirmative Action --- Action, Affirmative --- Immune System Disorders --- Disorder, Immune System --- Immune System Disorder --- Employee --- Employees --- Personnel --- Worker --- Workers --- Power, Psychological --- Access To Medicines --- Access to Contraception --- Access to Health Services --- Access to Medications --- Access to Therapy --- Access to Treatment --- Contraception Access --- Contraceptive Access --- Medication Access --- Access To Medicine --- Access to Contraceptions --- Access to Medication --- Access to Therapies --- Access to Treatments --- Access, Contraception --- Access, Contraceptive --- Access, Medication --- Contraception, Access to --- Contraceptive Accesses --- Medication Accesses --- Medication, Access to --- Therapy, Access to --- Treatment, Access to --- Prosocial Behavior --- Behavior, Prosocial --- Behaviors, Prosocial --- Prosocial Behaviors --- HIV Testing --- AIDS Serodiagnosis --- Social Relationships --- Relationship, Social --- Relationships, Social --- Social Relationship --- Behavior And Behavior Mechanism --- Social Inequalities --- Social Inequality --- Inequalities, Social --- Inequality, Social --- Sociality --- Health Care Professionals --- Health Care Professional --- Professional, Health Care --- Health Care Economics --- Health Economics --- Healthcare Economics --- Care Economic, Health --- Economic, Health --- Economic, Health Care --- Economic, Healthcare --- Economics, Health Care --- Health Care Economic --- Health Economic --- Healthcare Economic --- Access To Care, Health --- Access to Care --- Access to Medicines --- Access to Cares --- Access to Medicine --- Care, Access to --- Cares, Access to --- Medicine, Access to --- Medicines, Access to