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Economic geography --- Third World: agricultural and food problems --- Java --- Hill farming --- -Hill farming --- -Alpine agriculture --- Alpine farming --- Hill agriculture --- Hillside farming --- Mountain agriculture --- Mountain farming --- Agriculture --- Economic aspects --- -Social aspects --- -Java (Indonesia) --- -Djawa (Indonesia) --- Jawa (Indonesia) --- Pulau Jawa (Indonesia) --- Greater Sunda Islands --- Population --- Social aspects --- -Economic aspects --- -Population --- Alpine agriculture --- Java (Indonesia) --- Djawa (Indonesia) --- Population. --- Developing countries: agricultural and food problems

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Mountain agriculture is a socially and culturally unique system, but also a regionally important economic sector. In a globalising world, it is clear that fertile areas on all continents will always be used to produce large quantities of agricultural products in order to feed the world and, increasingly, provide biomass as a source of energy. It is far less clear, however, how land use in steep and more peripheral regions will evolve. By definition, farmland in mountain areas is more difficult to work because of steep slopes and missing accessibility. Climate conditions and poor soil quality often add to these adverse conditions. Through overcoming limited views from one region only or from one discipline, this book intends to draw a first truly international perspective on the issue of mountain farming.

Hill farming. --- Irrigation farming. --- Mountain agriculture. --- Hill farming --- Agriculture --- Sociology & Social History --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Social Sciences --- Communities - Urban Groups --- Agriculture - General --- Agricultural ecology. --- Agroecology --- Alpine agriculture --- Alpine farming --- Hill agriculture --- Hillside farming --- Mountain agriculture --- Mountain farming --- Ecology --- Geography. --- Regional planning. --- Urban planning. --- Agriculture. --- Sustainable development. --- Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning. --- Sustainable Development. --- Permaculture --- Environmental aspects --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Regional development --- Regional planning --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- City planning --- Landscape protection --- Government policy --- Cities and towns --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- Management

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Rural development --- Regional planning --- Rural industries --- Hill farming --- Aménagement du territoire --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- -Regional planning --- -Rural development --- -Rural industries --- -Industrialization, Rural --- Rural industrialization --- Rural industry --- Industries --- Community development, Rural --- Development, Rural --- Integrated rural development --- Regional development --- Rehabilitation, Rural --- Rural community development --- Rural economic development --- Agriculture and state --- Community development --- Economic development --- State planning --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- City planning --- Landscape protection --- Alpine agriculture --- Alpine farming --- Hill agriculture --- Hillside farming --- Mountain agriculture --- Mountain farming --- Agriculture --- Congresses --- Citizen participation --- Social aspects --- Government policy --- -Congresses --- Aménagement du territoire --- Congrès --- Industrialization, Rural

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Mucuna --- Corn --- Velvet-bean --- Green manure crops --- Intercropping --- Hill farming --- Farmers --- Agricultural innovations --- Agricultural systems --- Agricultural ecology --- Agriculture --- Agroecology --- Ecology --- Permaculture --- Farming systems --- Systems, Agricultural --- Systems, Farming --- Agricultural geography --- Farm management --- Innovations, Agricultural --- Technological change in agriculture --- Technological innovations --- Farm operators --- Operators, Farm --- Planters (Persons) --- Agriculturists --- Rural population --- Alpine agriculture --- Alpine farming --- Hill agriculture --- Hillside farming --- Mountain agriculture --- Mountain farming --- Interplanting (Intercropping) --- Cropping systems --- Catch crops --- Companion crops --- Crops, Green manure --- Green manures --- Manure crops, Green --- Green manuring --- Forage plants --- Corn plant --- Indian corn --- Maize --- Zea mays --- Zea --- Legumes --- Environmental aspects --- Innovations --- Technology transfer

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Soil fauna plays a key role in many soil functions, such as organic matter decomposition, humus formation, and nutrient release, modifying soil structure, and improving its fertility. Soil invertebrates play key roles in determining soil suitability for agricultural production and realizing sustainable farming systems. They include an enormous diversity of arthropods, nematodes, and earthworms. However, this fauna suffers from the impact of agricultural activities with implications for the capacity of soil to maintain its fertility and provide ecosystem services. Some agricultural practices may create crucial soil habitat changes, with consequences for invertebrate biodiversity. In the few last decades, especially under intensive and specialized farming systems, a loss in soil ecosystem services has been observed, as a result of the reduction in both the abundance and taxonomic diversity of soil faunal communities. On the other hand, agricultural practices, based on sustainable soil management, can promote useful soil fauna. Therefore, the concerns about the sensibility of soil biota to the agricultural practices make it urgent to develop sustainable management strategies, able to realize favorable microclimate and habitats, and reduce the soil disturbance.

Research & information: general --- soil biota --- invertebrates --- farming systems --- bioenergy --- biodiversity --- wheat --- ecosystem --- axonchium --- helicotylenchus --- tylenchorhynchus --- pratylenchus --- reniform --- vertosol --- gossypium --- Gossypium --- Zea mays --- vertisol --- Lumbricidae --- Aporrectodea caliginosa --- Aporrectodea rosea --- phosphorus fertilizers --- phosphorus-solubilizing microorganisms --- renewable resources --- heavy metals --- Luvisols --- ground-dwelling arthropods --- pitfall traps --- cover crops --- ecosystem services --- natural enemies --- pear pests --- biological control --- soil organic matter --- soil pH --- post-harvest residues --- crop rotation --- Hordeum vulgare L. --- Vicia faba L. ssp. minor --- soil biodiversity --- vineyard --- co-occurrence patterns --- soil moisture --- soil temperature --- vineyard management --- traditional management --- sustainable agriculture --- management intensity --- South Tyrol --- mountain agriculture --- soil --- soil properties --- macrofauna --- earthworms --- sustainability --- soil invertebrates --- bioindicators --- soil quality --- mesofauna --- soil degradation --- land management