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"In 1925, Elie Cartan introduced the principal of triality specifically for the Lie groups of type D4, and in 1935 Ruth Moufang initiated the study of Moufang loops. The observation of the title was made by Stephen Doro in 1978 who was in turn motivated by work of George Glauberman from 1968. Here we make the statement precise in a categorical context. In fact the most obvious categories of Moufang loops and groups with triality are not equivalent, hence the need for the word "essentially.""--
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Group theory --- Moufang loops --- Loops, Moufang --- Loops (Group theory) --- Moufang loops.
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"A Moufang set is essentially a doubly transitive permutation group such that each point stabilizer contains a normal subgroup which is regular on the remaining vertices; these regular normal subgroups are called the root groups, and they are assumed to be conjugate and to generate the whole group. It has been known for some time that every Jordan division algebra gives rise to a Moufang set with abelian root groups. We extend this result by showing that every structurable division algebra gives rise to a Moufang set, and conversely, we show that every Moufang set arising from a simple linear algebraic group of relative rank one over an arbitrary field k of characteristic different from 2 and 3 arises from a structurable division algebra. We also obtain explicit formulas for the root groups, the T-map and the Hua maps of these Moufang sets. This is particularly useful for the Moufang sets arising from exceptional linear algebraic groups"--
Division algebras. --- Moufang loops. --- Jordan algebras. --- Combinatorial group theory.
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"A Moufang set is essentially a doubly transitive permutation group such that each point stabilizer contains a normal subgroup which is regular on the remaining vertices; these regular normal subgroups are called the root groups, and they are assumed to be conjugate and to generate the whole group. It has been known for some time that every Jordan division algebra gives rise to a Moufang set with abelian root groups. We extend this result by showing that every structurable division algebra gives rise to a Moufang set, and conversely, we show that every Moufang set arising from a simple linear algebraic group of relative rank one over an arbitrary field k of characteristic different from 2 and 3 arises from a structurable division algebra. We also obtain explicit formulas for the root groups, the T-map and the Hua maps of these Moufang sets. This is particularly useful for the Moufang sets arising from exceptional linear algebraic groups"--
Lie algebras. --- Jordan algebras. --- Linear algebraic groups. --- Lie, Algèbres de. --- Jordan, Algèbres de. --- Groupes algébriques linéaires. --- Division algebras. --- Moufang loops. --- Combinatorial group theory. --- Algèbre à division --- Moufang, Boucles de --- Algèbres de Jordan --- Théorie combinatoire des groupes --- Division algebras --- Moufang loops --- Jordan algebras --- Combinatorial group theory --- Combinatorial groups --- Groups, Combinatorial --- Combinatorial analysis --- Group theory --- Algebra, Abstract --- Algebras, Linear --- Loops, Moufang --- Loops (Group theory) --- Algebras, Division --- Algebraic fields --- Quasigroups --- Rings (Algebra)
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Ordered algebraic structures. --- Lie groups. --- Lie algebras. --- Lie, Algèbres de. --- Lie, Groupes de. --- Structures algébriques ordonnées. --- Moufang loops. --- Cayley numbers (Algebra). --- Cayley numbers (Algebra) --- Moufang loops --- Cayley octave (Algebra) --- Cayley's numbers (Algebra) --- Cayley's octave (Algebra) --- Octonions --- Cayley algebras --- Loops, Moufang --- Loops (Group theory)
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This book gives the complete classification of Moufang polygons, starting from first principles. In particular, it may serve as an introduction to the various important algebraic concepts which arise in this classification including alternative division rings, quadratic Jordan division algebras of degree three, pseudo-quadratic forms, BN-pairs and norm splittings of quadratic forms. This book also contains a new proof of the classification of irreducible spherical buildings of rank at least three based on the observation that all the irreducible rank two residues of such a building are Moufang polygons. In an appendix, the connection between spherical buildings and algebraic groups is recalled and used to describe an alternative existence proof for certain Moufang polygons.
Moufang loops --- Buildings (Group theory) --- Moufang, Boucles de --- Immeubles (Théorie des groupes) --- Moufang loops. --- Graph theory --- Graph theory. --- Buildings (Group theory). --- Immeubles (Théorie des groupes) --- Geometry. --- Algebra. --- Discrete mathematics. --- Algebraic geometry. --- Group theory. --- Combinatorics. --- Discrete Mathematics. --- Algebraic Geometry. --- Group Theory and Generalizations. --- Combinatorics --- Algebra --- Mathematical analysis --- Groups, Theory of --- Substitutions (Mathematics) --- Algebraic geometry --- Geometry --- Discrete mathematical structures --- Mathematical structures, Discrete --- Structures, Discrete mathematical --- Numerical analysis --- Mathematics --- Euclid's Elements
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Descent in Buildings begins with the resolution of a major open question about the local structure of Bruhat-Tits buildings. The authors then put their algebraic solution into a geometric context by developing a general fixed point theory for groups acting on buildings of arbitrary type, giving necessary and sufficient conditions for the residues fixed by a group to form a kind of subbuilding or "form" of the original building. At the center of this theory is the notion of a Tits index, a combinatorial version of the notion of an index in the relative theory of algebraic groups. These results are combined at the end to show that every exceptional Bruhat-Tits building arises as a form of a "residually pseudo-split" Bruhat-Tits building. The book concludes with a display of the Tits indices associated with each of these exceptional forms.This is the third and final volume of a trilogy that began with Richard Weiss' The Structure of Spherical Buildings and The Structure of Affine Buildings.
Buildings (Group theory) --- Combinatorial geometry. --- Geometric combinatorics --- Geometrical combinatorics --- Combinatorial analysis --- Discrete geometry --- Theory of buildings (Group theory) --- Tits's theory of buildings (Group theory) --- Linear algebraic groups --- Bruhat-Tits building. --- Clifford invariant. --- Coxeter diagram. --- Coxeter group. --- Coxeter system. --- Euclidean plane. --- Fundamental Theorem of Descent. --- Moufang building. --- Moufang condition. --- Moufang polygon. --- Moufang quadrangle. --- Moufang set. --- Moufang structure. --- Pfister form. --- Structure Theorem. --- Tits index. --- abelian group. --- absolute Coxeter diagram. --- absolute Coxeter system. --- absolute rank. --- affine building. --- algebraic group. --- anisotropic pseudo-quadratic space. --- anisotropic quadratic space. --- anti-isomorphism. --- apartment. --- arctic region. --- automorphism. --- bilinear form. --- biquaternion division algebra. --- building. --- canonical isomorphism. --- chamber. --- compatible representation. --- descent group. --- descent. --- discrete valuation. --- exceptional Moufang quadrangle. --- exceptional quadrangle. --- finite dimension. --- fixed point building. --- fixed point theory. --- gem. --- generalized quadrangle. --- hyperbolic plane. --- hyperbolic quadratic module. --- hyperbolic quadratic space. --- involutory set. --- isomorphism. --- isotropic quadratic space. --- length function. --- non-abelian group. --- parallel residues. --- polar space. --- projection map. --- proper indifferent set. --- proper involutory set. --- pseudo-quadratic space. --- pseudo-split building. --- quadratic form. --- quadratic module. --- quadratic space. --- quaternion division algebra. --- ramified quadrangle. --- ramified quaternion division algebra. --- ramified separable quadratic extension. --- relative Coxeter diagram. --- relative Coxeter group. --- relative Coxeter system. --- relative rank. --- residual quadratic spaces. --- residue. --- root group sequence. --- root. --- round quadratic space. --- scalar multiplication. --- semi-ramified quadrangle. --- separable quadratic extension. --- simplicial complex. --- special vertex. --- spherical building. --- split quadratic space. --- standard involution. --- subbuilding of split type. --- subbuilding. --- tamely ramified division algebra. --- thick building. --- thin T-building. --- trace map. --- trace. --- unramified quadrangle. --- unramified quadratic space. --- unramified quaternion division algebra. --- unramified separable quadratic extension. --- vector space. --- vertex. --- weak isomorphism. --- wild quadratic space.
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