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Monoclonal antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins used clinically are Fc-based therapeutics that grow fastest in the pharmaceutical industry. Since they both contain an Fc fragment, engineering of Fc fragments could be a platform for improving Fc-based drug efficacy. Fc engineering includes various aspects: stabilization of Fc; regulation of effector functions including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity; extension of serum half-life by modification of neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) binding; monomerization or heterodimerization of Fc for design of new Fc formats. Currently, many new methods are being used in Fc engineering. Compared to traditional methods such as site mutagenesis on certain positions by amino acid replacement, new methods such as display-based technology can confer high throughput screening and obtain optimized variants relatively quickly, accelerating the drug development process. With the new methods, many new Fc variants were identified. On this Research Topic we are going to review the progress in current Fc engineering including the new engineering methods and the Fc variants or constructs they have produced, and the potential of these new Fcs in clinical use.

effector function --- Fc receptor --- heterodimeric Fc --- Fc-fusion protein --- monomeric Fc --- Monoclonal antibody --- Fc engineering

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Monoclonal antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins used clinically are Fc-based therapeutics that grow fastest in the pharmaceutical industry. Since they both contain an Fc fragment, engineering of Fc fragments could be a platform for improving Fc-based drug efficacy. Fc engineering includes various aspects: stabilization of Fc; regulation of effector functions including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity; extension of serum half-life by modification of neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) binding; monomerization or heterodimerization of Fc for design of new Fc formats. Currently, many new methods are being used in Fc engineering. Compared to traditional methods such as site mutagenesis on certain positions by amino acid replacement, new methods such as display-based technology can confer high throughput screening and obtain optimized variants relatively quickly, accelerating the drug development process. With the new methods, many new Fc variants were identified. On this Research Topic we are going to review the progress in current Fc engineering including the new engineering methods and the Fc variants or constructs they have produced, and the potential of these new Fcs in clinical use.

effector function --- Fc receptor --- heterodimeric Fc --- Fc-fusion protein --- monomeric Fc --- Monoclonal antibody --- Fc engineering --- effector function --- Fc receptor --- heterodimeric Fc --- Fc-fusion protein --- monomeric Fc --- Monoclonal antibody --- Fc engineering

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Monoclonal antibodies --- Antibodies, Monoclonal. --- Therapeutic use. --- Monoclonal Antibodies --- Monoclonal Antibody --- Antibody, Monoclonal --- Hybridomas --- Monoclonal antibodies. --- Antibodies, Monoclonal --- Monoclonal immunoglobulins --- Immunoglobulins --- Molecular cloning

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Interleukin-1 --- Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist --- anti-interleukin-1 monoclonal antibody --- Inflammasomes --- Chronic inflammatory diseases --- Autoinflammatory diseases --- Arthritis --- Osteoathritis --- Skin Diseases --- crystal-induced inflammation

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Immunology. Immunopathology --- Antibodies, Monoclonal --- Hybridomas --- T-Lymphocytes --- Monoclonal Antibodies --- immunology --- Monoclonal antibodies --- T cells --- T lymphocytes --- Thymus-dependent cells --- Thymus-dependent lymphocytes --- Thymus-derived cells --- Lymphocytes --- Monoclonal immunoglobulins --- Immunoglobulins --- Molecular cloning --- Monoclonal Antibody --- Antibody, Monoclonal