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Monetary unions --- -Monetary unions

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Qu'est-ce qu'une union monétaire ? Peut-on définir de « bonnes » institutions et de « bonnes » politiques pour une telle union ? Comment s'articulent les politiques économiques et quels problèmes se posent à une union monétaire, susceptibles de mettre en cause sa viabilité ? Cet ouvrage cherche à répondre à ces questions en recourant aux développements récents de la recherche et en développant une conception originale de l'union monétaire

Monetary unions

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This paper discusses that the Independent Evaluation Office (IEO) has also launched three new evaluations-which will analyze the IMF's role on fragile states, its financial surveillance activities, and its advice on unconventional monetary policies-and two evaluation updates-which will look into the IMF's exchange rate policy advice and structural conditionality. The evaluation found that, for the most part, the IMF's euro area surveillance identified the right issues during the pre-crisis period but did not foresee the magnitude of the risks that would later become paramount. The IMF's surveillance of the financial regulatory architecture was generally of high quality, but staff, along with most other experts, missed the buildup of banking system risks in some countries. The report found several issues with the way decision making was managed by the IMF. In May 2010, the IMF Executive Board approved a decision to provide exceptional access financing to Greece without seeking preemptive debt restructuring, even though its sovereign debt was not deemed sustainable with a high probability.

Monetary unions.

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This paper explores the gains to monetary union. We consider a two-country overlapping generations model. Agents work when young and have random tastes over the composition (domestic vs. foreign goods) of old age consumption. In equilibrium, governments require that local currency be used for transactions as a means of creating a base for seignorage. Thus agents hold multiple currencies to deal with uncertainty in their optimal consumption bundles. We argue that this equilibrium is Pareto dominated by a monetary union, in which there is a single currency and a strong central bank that optimally chooses zero inflation. As suggested by the European Commission's 1990 report, monetary union reduces the inefficiencies created by multiple currencies and leads to price stability. Finally, we argue this Pareto superior outcome cannot be achieved without cooperation of the two governments.

Monetary unions.

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Monetary unions