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The monograph focuses on the European freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera, which is an endangered bivalve species. Most of its populations in the Russian section of the Baltic Sea basin had never been studied, although they were known in the past to the pearl fishers. “Rediscovery” included search for the previously unknown populations, revealing the facts of population extinctions, analysis of negative impacts, elaboration of conservation measures, and revealing of regularities in distribution. Patterns of land use and river management were analyzed. The procedure of “rediscovery” was applied for other animal species of Northwest Russia, which are threatened on a global scale – thick-shelled mussel, Unio crassus; curlew Numenius arquata; black-tailed godwit, Limosa limosa; Northern Lapwing, Vanellus vanellus; European mink, Mustela lutreola; pond bat, Myotis dasycneme; Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser sturio; and broad-clawed crayfish, Astacus astacus. The methods and principles of conservation studies were discussed. The obtained data were analyzed with respect to current global change of biosphere. The book will appeal to specialists dealing with conservation studies and activities such as red lists, river protection, and conservation of endangered species. Moreover, a part of the book represents an interest for biogerontology as it presents discredit of the popular concept on “negligible senescence.” The data on distribution of some animals in Russia will be interesting in terms of zoology and biogeography, as they are not yet sufficiently represented in the international editions. The book can be used as supplemental reading for courses in biological invasions, ecology and conservation, and biodiversity. The work also contains chapters on global processes (deforestation, desertification, river degradation) and can therefore also be used for general courses in environmental sciences.

Aquatic ecology . --- Conservation biology. --- Ecology . --- Biodiversity. --- Animal ecology. --- Freshwater & Marine Ecology. --- Conservation Biology/Ecology. --- Animal Ecology. --- Animals --- Zoology --- Ecology --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biology --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Nature conservation --- Aquatic biology --- Margaritifera margaritifera. --- Margaritana margaritifera --- Margaritifera --- Bivalves --- Conservació de la diversitat biològica --- Bàltica (Mar) --- Rússia (Federació) --- Conservació de la biodiversitat --- Preservació de la biodiversitat --- Preservació de la diversitat biològica --- Conservació dels recursos naturals --- Gestió dels ecosistemes --- Acèfals --- Bivalvia --- Conquilles bivalves --- Lamel·libranquis --- Mol·luscs bivalves --- Pelecípodes --- Mol·luscs --- Cloïsses --- Musclos --- Ostres --- Federació Russa --- Rossiskaja Federacija --- Russian Federation --- Bàltic (Mar) --- Mar Bàltic --- Mar Bàltica

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Humans everywhere have always been fascinated by octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish, known biologically as cephalopods. They evolved hundreds of millions of years ago and are related to molluscs such as mussels and snails. They can grow to an enormous size with eyes as big as footballs, but they still live for only a couple of years. They mate once in their lifetime and die shortly after. They have blue blood and three hearts and they can shoot out jet-black ink. They have a brain and have behaviours that could be interpreted as signs of intelligence, even though more than half of their brain is distributed in their arms. They are colour blind, but they can change the colour of their skin in a flash. They are masters of disguise and are able to alter the texture of their skin and the patterns displayed on it at lighting speed. They can also ‘taste’ using the suckers on their arms. They can move extremely fast thanks to a jet-propulsion system built into their body cavity. Although they are soft-bodied and look vulnerable, cephalopods are formidable predators. Octopuses have arms that are so strong that they can exert a force equal to hundreds of times their own body weight. Squid and cuttlefish can shoot out a tentacle to capture prey at the speed of a javelin thrown by an expert athlete. Cephalopods are, however, so much more than just fascinating creatures with strange physical characteristics. They are a nutritious, delicious protein source that has found a place for thousands of years in many food cultures around the world. As squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses are native to virtually all parts of the ocean, they are an excellent and available alternative to meat from terrestrial animals. This book is written to promote the overall place of cephalopods in home kitchens and to inspire the uninitiated to add them to their diet. It describes the many facets of their anatomy that play a central role in their potential use as healthy, diverse, and interesting food sources, with a particular emphasis on their taste and texture. By way of an assortment of recipes, the authors hope to dispel the myth that it is difficult to prepare delicious dishes using squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses. In addition, there are contributions to the on-going discussions about how marine resources can be exploited more responsibly in a sustainable manner. Ole G. Mouritsen is a professor of gastrophysics and culinary food innovation at the University of Copenhagen,president of the Danish Gastronomical Academy, and director of the Danish national research and communication centre Taste for Life. Klavs Styrbæk is a chef and leader of the gastronomic enterprise STYRBÆKS, which includes a gourmet restaurant, a cooking school, a catering service, and a product development branch.

Invertebrates. --- Food—Biotechnology. --- Food Science. --- Invertebrata --- Animals --- Edible mollusks. --- Octopuses. --- Squids. --- Chondrophora --- Myopsida --- Myopsina --- Oegopsida --- Oegopsina --- Squid --- Teuthida --- Teuthidida --- Teuthoida --- Teuthoidea --- Cephalopoda --- Devilfishes (Mollusks) --- Octopi --- Octopodidae --- Octopus --- Octopoda --- Mollusks --- Shellfish as food --- Cefalòpodes --- Aliments d'origen animal --- Recursos marins --- Pesca sostenible --- Desenvolupament sostenible --- Aspectes econòmics del mar --- Recursos de l'oceà --- Recursos del mar --- Recursos oceànics --- Recursos marítims --- Biologia marina --- Mercaderies --- Oceanografia --- Recursos naturals --- Aigua de mar --- Energia maremotriu --- Indústria pesquera --- Productes pesquers --- Recursos pesquers --- Recursos minerals marins --- Sal --- Animals (Aliment) --- Animals com a aliment --- Animals comestibles --- Productes animals comestibles --- Aliments --- Carn --- Llet --- Marisc --- Peix --- Ous --- Productes lactis --- Mol·luscs --- Cefalòpodes fòssils