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Freedom Libraries: The Untold Story of Libraries for African-Americans in the South. As the Civil Rights Movement exploded across the United States, the media of the time was able to show the rest of the world images of horrific racial violence. And while some of the bravest people of the 20th century risked their lives for the right to simply order a cheeseburger, ride a bus, or use a clean water fountain, there was another virtually unheard of struggle--this one for the right to read. Although illegal, racial segregation was strictly enforced in a number of American states, and public libraries were not immune. Numerous libraries were desegregated on paper only: there would be no cards given to African-Americans, no books for them read, and no furniture for them to use. It was these exact conditions that helped create Freedom Libraries. Over eighty of these parallel libraries appeared in the Deep South, staffed by civil rights voter registration workers. While the grassroots nature of the libraries meant they varied in size and quality, all of them created the first encounter many African-Americans had with a library. Terror, bombings, and eventually murder would be visited on the Freedom Libraries--with people giving up their lives so others could read a library book. This book delves into how these libraries were the heart of the Civil Rights Movement, and the remarkable courage of the people who used them. They would forever change libraries and librarianship, even as they helped the greater movement change the society these libraries belonged to. Photographs of the libraries bring this little-known part of American history to life.

Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Sociology of minorities --- Human rights --- civil rights --- libraries [institutions] --- African American --- anno 1950-1959 --- anno 1960-1969 --- United States --- African Americans and libraries --- Civil rights movements --- Afro-Americans and libraries --- Libraries --- Libraries and African Americans --- Libraries and Negroes --- Library services to African Americans --- Public libraries --- History --- Services to African Americans --- Mississippi Freedom Project. --- Mississippi Freedom Summer Project --- Freedom Summer Project (Mississippi) --- Mississippi Summer Project --- Freedom Vote Project --- Council of Federated Organizations (U.S.) --- Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party --- United States of America

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Winner of the 2014 Anna Julia Cooper-CLR James Book Award presented by the National Council of Black StudiesWinner of the 2014 PEN Oakland-Josephine Miles Award for Excellence in LiteratureIn We Will Shoot Back: Armed Resistance in the Mississippi Freedom Movement, Akinyele Omowale Umoja argues that armed resistance was critical to the Southern freedom struggle and the dismantling of segregation and Black disenfranchisement. Intimidation and fear were central to the system of oppression in most of the Deep South. To overcome the system of segregation, Black people had to overcome fear to present a significant challenge to White domination. As the civil rights movement developed, armed self-defense and resistance became a significant means by which the descendants of enslaved Africans overturned fear and intimidation and developed different political and social relationships between Black and White Mississippians.This riveting historical narrative reconstructs the armed resistance of Black activists, their challenge of racist terrorism, and their fight for human rights.

Civil rights movements --- Civil rights workers --- African Americans --- Self-defense --- Hand-to-hand fighting --- Martial arts --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Negroes --- Africans --- Ethnology --- Blacks --- Civil rights activists --- Race relations reformers --- Social reformers --- History --- Suffrage --- Civil rights --- Political aspects --- Mississippi Freedom Project. --- Mississippi Freedom Summer Project --- Freedom Summer Project (Mississippi) --- Mississippi Summer Project --- Freedom Vote Project --- Council of Federated Organizations (U.S.) --- Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party --- Mississippi --- State of Mississippi --- Missisipi --- Місісіпі --- Misisipi --- Штат Місісіпі --- Shtat Misisipi --- Мисисипи --- Щат Мисисипи --- Mísísípii Hahoodzo --- Mississippi osariik --- Μισισιπι --- Πολιτεία του Μισισίπι --- Politeia tou Misisipi --- Estado de Misisipi --- Misisipio --- État du Mississippi --- Mississippy --- 미시시피 주 --- Misisipʻi-ju --- 미시시피 --- Mikikipi --- מיסיסיפי --- מדינת מיסיסיפי --- Medinat Misisipi --- US-MS --- MS (State : Mississippi) --- MI (State : Mississippi) --- Miss. --- Race relations --- Black people --- Black Freedom Struggle. --- Black history. --- Civil rights movement. --- Ku Klux Klan Mississippi Freedom Struggle. --- SNCC. --- armed resistance. --- armed self-defense. --- freedom struggle. --- nonviolence. --- political activism. --- segregation.