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Miscanthus has been enthusiastically promoted as a second generation biomass crop, and this book provides a comprehensive review of this knowledge. Miscanthus, also known as elephant grass, is a high yielding grass crop that grows over three metres tall, resembles bamboo and produces a crop every year without the need for replanting or fertiliser application . The rapid growth, low mineral content, and high biomass yield of Miscanthus increasingly make it a favourite choice as a biofuel, outperforming switchgrass and other alternatives. There is over 20 years of research evidence to support its promotion as a second generation biomass crop. The author reviews many field measurements of yields as well as the physiology of the crop, and why it is so productive while at the same time requiring low inputs to grow it. It also shows how as a key biofuel crop it can contribute to mitigating climate change and how uptake of the adoption of Miscanthus production can be promoted, particularly in Europe and North America. The book will be key reading for students taking courses in the areas of Environmental Science and Engineering, Climate Change Impacts, Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation. It will also be of interest to researchers of second generation biomass crops, and policy developers working in biofuel production and utilization.
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biomass --- biomass --- Energy consumption --- Energy consumption --- comminution --- comminution --- moisture content --- moisture content --- Miscanthus --- Miscanthus
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Chlorine --- Chlorine --- Pellets --- Pellets --- Combustion --- Combustion --- fuels --- fuels --- Additives --- Corrosion --- Corrosion --- réduction d'émission --- Miscanthus --- Miscanthus
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In this Research Topic we report advances in fundamental and applied aspects of the perennial C4 bioenergy crop Miscanthus (Miscanthus spp.) and its role in mitigating climate change as part of the bioeconomy. Miscanthus is extremely well suited for bioenergy, biofuel and bioproduct production over a wide geographic area including Europe and North America as well as its native Asia.
Miscanthus offers a unique perspective within plant science: the challenge is to domesticate this novel crop for diverse environments and uses while simultaneously developing sustainable value chains to displace fossil fuels and contribute to climate change mitigation. Contributions to this Research Topic were offered from leading Miscanthus researchers from different parts of the world. We accepted 16 articles from 95 authors, which have generated 21,161 views at March 26 2018. Nine of the articles are the output of the European FP7 OPTIMISC project and describe multiple experiments investigating a common set of Miscanthus genotypes in Europe and Asia. These papers are complemented by seven additional articles from global authors, providing a comprehensive analysis of the state of the art of Miscanthus research and application.
salt-tolerance --- bioeconomy --- phyto-remediation --- nitrogen --- perennial C4 grass --- biomass quality --- miscanthus --- LCA --- salt-tolerance --- bioeconomy --- phyto-remediation --- nitrogen --- perennial C4 grass --- biomass quality --- miscanthus --- LCA
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biomass --- biomass --- Sustainability --- Sustainability --- primary productivity --- primary productivity --- Lignocellulose --- Lignocellulose --- Renewable resources --- Renewable resources --- Poaceae --- Poaceae --- Sugarcane --- Sugarcane --- Miscanthus --- Miscanthus --- storage --- storage
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In this Research Topic we report advances in fundamental and applied aspects of the perennial C4 bioenergy crop Miscanthus (Miscanthus spp.) and its role in mitigating climate change as part of the bioeconomy. Miscanthus is extremely well suited for bioenergy, biofuel and bioproduct production over a wide geographic area including Europe and North America as well as its native Asia.
Miscanthus offers a unique perspective within plant science: the challenge is to domesticate this novel crop for diverse environments and uses while simultaneously developing sustainable value chains to displace fossil fuels and contribute to climate change mitigation. Contributions to this Research Topic were offered from leading Miscanthus researchers from different parts of the world. We accepted 16 articles from 95 authors, which have generated 21,161 views at March 26 2018. Nine of the articles are the output of the European FP7 OPTIMISC project and describe multiple experiments investigating a common set of Miscanthus genotypes in Europe and Asia. These papers are complemented by seven additional articles from global authors, providing a comprehensive analysis of the state of the art of Miscanthus research and application.
salt-tolerance --- bioeconomy --- phyto-remediation --- nitrogen --- perennial C4 grass --- biomass quality --- miscanthus --- LCA
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In this Research Topic we report advances in fundamental and applied aspects of the perennial C4 bioenergy crop Miscanthus (Miscanthus spp.) and its role in mitigating climate change as part of the bioeconomy. Miscanthus is extremely well suited for bioenergy, biofuel and bioproduct production over a wide geographic area including Europe and North America as well as its native Asia.
Miscanthus offers a unique perspective within plant science: the challenge is to domesticate this novel crop for diverse environments and uses while simultaneously developing sustainable value chains to displace fossil fuels and contribute to climate change mitigation. Contributions to this Research Topic were offered from leading Miscanthus researchers from different parts of the world. We accepted 16 articles from 95 authors, which have generated 21,161 views at March 26 2018. Nine of the articles are the output of the European FP7 OPTIMISC project and describe multiple experiments investigating a common set of Miscanthus genotypes in Europe and Asia. These papers are complemented by seven additional articles from global authors, providing a comprehensive analysis of the state of the art of Miscanthus research and application.
salt-tolerance --- bioeconomy --- phyto-remediation --- nitrogen --- perennial C4 grass --- biomass quality --- miscanthus --- LCA
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Miscanthus --- Towns --- urban planning --- Architecture du paysage --- Étude et enseignement --- École nationale supérieure de la nature et du paysage (France) --- France --- France
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Afin de réduire les émissions de CO2, des bandes de miscanthus sont installées. Le miscanthus est utilisé pour le chauffage et pour réduire l’érosion des parcelles agricoles. Les connaissances quant aux espèces qui le composent sont encore assez peu nombreuses. Afin d’estimer leur intérêt biologique, les carabides sont utilisés comme bioindicateurs. L’étude a deux objectifs : évaluer l’intérêt écologique des bandes de miscanthus au travers des carabides en les comparant avec des tournières enherbées, des haies et les parcelles agricoles adjacentes, et déterminer si les carabides se déplacent entre une parcelle agricole et une bande adjacente. L’étude a été réalisée sur un panel de cinq parcelles de miscanthus, de haie et de tournière ainsi que leur parcelle agricole adjacente à Eghezée et La Bruyère. Les carabides sont capturés à l’aide de pièges à fosse avant d’être identifiés. Des indices de diversité α et β sont ensuite calculés, suivis d’analyses multivariées avec un groupement et une PCoA. Enfin, les espèces indicatrices sont déterminées. Il en résulte que les bandes de miscanthus ne sont pas significativement différentes des autres milieux sauf pour la richesse spécifique et l’indice de Shannon où la valeur est plus élevée. Au niveau de leurs espèces, les bandes de miscanthus sont plus proches des tournières puis des parcelles agricoles avec lesquelles elles sont groupées. Enfin, 5 espèces indicatrices sont déterminées. Les carabides se déplacent plutôt bien entre les deux milieux adjacents et les indices de diversité α sont généralement non significativement différents entre les stations. Il apparait cependant que certaines espèces sont plus spécifiques aux haies ou aux champs et ne se déplacent pas alors que d’autres se déplacent beaucoup. Il apparait également que les espèces spécifiques au miscanthus se déplacent très peu et que les principales espèces migrantes sont celles issues du champ. Dans les tournières, seule une partie des carabides se déplacent, ce qui explique la distance plus importante entre les stations. Il serait par contre intéressant d’augmenter l’effort d’échantillonnage afin de s’assurer que les résultats obtenus sont bien représentatifs des communautés en place.
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The Saccharinae clade of the Poaceae (grass) family of flowering plants includes several important crops with a rich history of contributions to humanity and the promise of still-greater contributions, as a result of some of the highest biomass productivity levels known, resilience to drought and other environmental challenges that are likely to increase, amenability to production systems that may mitigate or even reverse losses of ecological capital such as topsoil erosion, and the recent blossoming of sorghum as a botanical and genomic model for the clade. In Genomics of the Saccharinae, advances of the past decade and earlier are summarized and synthesized to elucidate the current state of knowledge of the structure, function, and evolution of the Sorghum, Saccharum, and Miscanthus genera, and progress in the application of this knowledge to crop improvement. As a backdrop, it is important to understand the naturally occurring diversity in each genus, its organization and distribution, and its evolutionary history. Genomic tools and methods for Saccharinae biology and improvement have improved dramatically in the past few years – a detailed summary of these tools and their applications is a central element of this book. Application of genomic tools to priorities in crop improvement, including understanding and manipulating plant growth and development, composition, and defense, as well as increasing the quality and productivity of seed/grain, sugar, biomass, and other value-added products under a range of conditions and inputs, are addressed. In particular, as the first native African crop to emerge as a genomic model, sorghum offers an excellent case study of challenges and opportunities in linking new advances in biosciences to solving some of Africa’s major agricultural problems. Several members of the clade, exemplified by Sorghum halepense (Johnsongrass) offer insights into weediness and invasion biology. The first sequence for a member of the clade, sorghum, as well as progress and challenges toward sequencing of additional members and the new opportunities that this will create, are also explored. Indeed, the very complexities that have hindered study of some clade members also offer intriguing opportunities to gain insight into fundamental questions such as roles of polyploidy in agricultural productivity and post-polyploidy evolution.
Grasses -- Genetics. --- Miscanthus -- Genetics. --- Saccharum -- Genetics. --- Sorghum -- Genetics. --- Sorghum --- Saccharum --- Miscanthus --- Grasses --- Biology --- Botany --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Fungi & Algae --- Genetics --- Genetics. --- Saccarum --- Sweetcane --- Life sciences. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Plant genetics. --- Plant breeding. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Genetics & Genomics. --- Plant Sciences. --- Plant Breeding/Biotechnology. --- Plant Genetics and Genomics. --- Crops --- Agriculture --- Breeding --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Natural history --- Plants --- Floristic botany
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