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This book examines how civil-military relations have been transformed in Russia, Poland, Hungary and Ukraine since the collapse of the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact in 1991. It shows how these countries have worked to reform their obsolete armed forces, and bring them into line with the new economic and strategic realities of the post-Cold War world, with new bureaucratic structures in which civilians play the key policy-making roles, and with strengthened democratic political institutions which have the right to oversee the armed forces.
Civil-military relations --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government
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In Europa und Nordamerika gilt es heute als selbstverständlich, dass das Militär der Kontrolle durch die zivile Politik unterliegt. In anderen Regionen der Welt ist das jedoch nicht unbedingt der Fall. Warum gelingt es manchen Staaten, die Kontrolle über die Streitkräfte zu institutionalisieren, und manchen nicht? Welche Rolle spielt das Militär in Diktaturen und welche in demokratischen Verfassungsstaaten? Welche Herausforderungen prägen das Verhältnis von Militär und Politik heute? Diesen Fragen geht der vorliegende Band nach. Im ersten Teil des Werks führen die Autoren in die grundlegenden Begriffe, Konzepte und Theorien der politikwissenschaftlichen Analyse zivil-militärischer Beziehungen ein. Die nachfolgenden Abschnitte untersuchen historische Entwicklungen, Stand und relevante Problemstellungen der zivil-militärischen Beziehungen in ausgewählten Demokratien, Diktaturen und Transformationssystemen in verschiedenen Weltregionen. Damit bietet der Band einen umfassenden Überblick über das Verhältnis zwischen Politik und Militär.
Civil-military relations. --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government
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Civil-Military Relations in Southeast Asia reviews the historical origins, contemporary patterns, and emerging changes in civil-military relations in Southeast Asia from colonial times until today. It analyzes what types of military organizations emerged in the late colonial period and the impact of colonial legacies and the Japanese occupation in World War II on the formation of national armies and their role in processes of achieving independence. It analyzes the long term trajectories and recent changes of professional, revolutionary, praetorian and neo-patrimonial civil-military relations in the region. Finally, it analyzes military roles in state- and nation-building; political domination; revolutions and regime transitions; and military entrepreneurship.
Civil-military relations --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government
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This book demonstrates that civil-military relations have evolved away from symbiosis to quasi-institutionalization in post-Deng Xiaoping China. As the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) is a Leninist party-army, it is commonly assumed that the relationship between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the PLA is symbiotic and institutional boundaries based on a clear functional division of labor are absent between the two. This symbiosis suggests that the primary role of the PLA is in China’s domestic politics; it is to participate in intra-CCP leadership power struggle and in defending the CCP regime against popular rebellions from within Chinese society. By analyzing major changes in the functions of the PLA political commissar system, the extent of the PLA involvement in the power struggle of the CCP leadership, and the circulation of elites across civil-military institutional boundaries, this book offers a new theoretical explanation of civil-military relations in China. It also discusses the implications of the findings for China’s domestic politics and foreign policy. Nan Li is Visiting Senior Research Fellow at East Asian Institute, National University of Singapore. He has published extensively on Chinese security and military policy and China’s maritime development. He was a professor at the U.S. Naval War College and received a PhD in political science from the Johns Hopkins University.
Civil-military relations --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government
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Explores the fundamental role of the military in state-building in francophone postcolonial West Africa and how foreign economic and military aid has influenced it.
Civil-military relations. --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government
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This collection examines the relationship between mass movements and the military. Some argue that it is impossible to achieve and protect a revolution without the support of the army, but how can the support of the army be won? Arms and the People explores the impact of social extremes on the solidarity within the state's military, and on the changing loyalties of these soldiers. The authors examine a series of historical moments in which a crisis in the military has reflected deep instability in the wider world, including Russia in 1917, Egypt during the Arab Spring, the Paris Commune, as well as long-standing instability in Venezuela and Indonesia, amongst many others. Including a range of international authors who have either studied or been directly involved in such social upheavals, Arms and the People is a pioneering contribution to the study of revolutionary change.
Civil-military relations. --- Revolutionaries. --- Revolutionists --- Dissenters --- Counterrevolutionaries --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government
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In 1973, Yashev Raval wrote The Power of Wisdom, correctly pointing out that collusion between East and West had kept not only the balance of terror but provided the glue that kept geographic spheres of influence stable. Africa was part of that arena for global rivalry. With the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1991, the stifling grip the superpowers had exercised throughout the world was fundamentally altered. The transformation of the international security system, coupled with political democratization, allowed the partial reorganisation of the security establishments on the African continent to embark upon the New African Civil Military Relations (ACMR). In the last decade and half, the implosion of African states exposed to forces of democratization has escalated, manifest in Algeria, Egypt, Mali, Madagascar, Somalia, South Sudan, Central African Republic and Lesotho. At the heart of the states' implosion has been weak, fragile and partisan defence and security institutions - a phenomenon that requires urgent research intervention to guide the much-needed reforms. In 2014, the Russian Academy of Sciences hosted the bi-annual African Studies Conference, with the lead author accorded the responsibility of organizing a Session on ACMR. From amongst some of the exciting Abstracts presented, authors submitted these as full chapters for this book which captures International African Studies Perspectives, managed by the African Public Policy & Research Institute (APPRI). This process was further facilitated by one of the presenters and now co-editor, Maj Henrik Laugesen from the Royal Danish Defence College, who agreed to lead on the fundraising - succeeding in securing support from the Royal Danish Defence College. The result is this book.
Civil-military relations --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government --- Africa --- Politics and government.
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J.S. Omond's study of 1933 documents the historically problematic relationship between Parliament and the Army. Providing an overview of the 260 years which elapsed from the outbreak of the English Civil War in 1642 until the establishment of the Army Council in 1904, the book describes the phases through which the problem of political control of the army has passed. Omond draws upon a wide variety of historical material including biographies, memoirs, letters, parliamentary debates and newspaper articles in addressing how and why this relationship has remained of principal concern since the reign of Charles I. An epilogue takes account of events from 1904 to the book's publication in 1933, and a chronological table summarises the key historical and political events.
Civil-military relations --- History. --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government
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"Civilian control over the military is widely hailed as among the biggest successes of India's democracy. This is a rarity, especially among post-colonial states, and is rightfully celebrated. But has this come at a cost? In The Absent Dialogue, Anit Mukherjee argues that the pattern of civil-military relations in India has hampered its military effectiveness. Indian politicians and bureaucrats have long been content with the formal and ritualistic exercise of civilian control, while the military continues to operate in institutional silos, with little substantive engagement between the two. In making this claim, the book closely examines the variables most closely associated with military effectiveness -- weapons procurement, jointness (the ability of separate military services to operate together), officer education, promotion policies, and defense planning. India's pattern of civil-military relations -- best characterized as an absent dialogue -- adversely affects each of these processes. Theoretically, the book adopts the 'unequal dialogue' framework proposed by Eliot Cohen but also argues that, under some conditions, patterns of civil-military relations maybe more closely resemble an 'absent dialogue.' Informed by more than a hundred and fifty interviews and recently available archival material, the book represents a deep dive into understanding the power and the limitations of the Indian military. It sheds new light on India's military history and is essential reading for understanding contemporary civil-military relations and recurring problems therein. While the book focuses on India, it also highlights the importance of civilian expertise and institutional design in enhancing civilian control and military effectiveness in other democracies"--
Civil-military relations --- India --- History, Military. --- Politics and government. --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government
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The armed forces of the Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan are in dire need of reform to address a plethora of problems including inadequate training, low morale, poor public perception, and low recruitment numbers. This book uses the postmodern military model to measure how public perception of the military is influenced by self-identification in Taiwan, and it shows that the public has little confidence or trust in their military, even as they remain acutely aware of the threat posed by an increasingly belligerent China and its ever-growing People's Liberation Army. While there has been much analysis as to what strategies and weapons systems should be adopted by ROC defense planners, relatively little has been written on how to create a more relevant military within Taiwan society. Ultimately, this book addresses these matters and provides policymakers within the ROC government and military, as well as researchers of Asia Pacific security, with an understanding of the current relationship between military and society, to assist in the creation of a more accountable military.
Civil-military relations --- Military and civilian power --- Military-civil relations --- Executive power --- Sociology, Military --- Military government --- Political Science --- Warfare & defence. --- Public Policy --- Military Policy.
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