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This open access book gathers original contributions focused on the transition of the European steel industry to Industry 4.0. It not only investigates how Industry 4.0 can enhance productivity, cost-saving, and sustainability in the steel industry but also helps to comprehend its broad consequences on employment, education and training, human resources, economic resilience and decarbonisation. The content engages with the international debate on Industry 4.0 through the lens of the steel industry from a multidisciplinary perspective. It encourages a scientifically grounded critical approach and includes contributions from humanities and technical disciplines, with a focus on the social dimensions of the phenomenon. This book draws strength from up-to-date international research projects and adopts a strong industry-based perspective, providing a thorough description and analysis of the state of the art of the European steel industry. It also analyzes the trends, outcomes, opportunities, and criticalities arising with the transition to the Industry 4.0 paradigm. The book is primarily based on the results of the European Steel Skills Agenda (ESSA) skills alliance project co-funded by the Erasmus+ programme of the European Union and supported by the European Steel Technology Platform (ESTEP). This is an open access book.

Metals. --- Metals and Alloys.

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This book presents a comprehensive collection of reviews and experimental research findings in the realm of composite materials. It explores manufacturing technologies and applications, as well as recent breakthroughs in nanomaterial-based composites, polymer-based composites, titanium matrix composites (TMCs), conducting polymers, natural polymers, graphene polymers, graphene composites, and organosulfur polymeric composites, alongside reinforced aluminum matrix composites. The mechanical and tribological aspects take center stage, with a focus on aluminum alloy composites as a superior alternative to traditional gear materials. The book also addresses cutting-edge composite materials developed for drug removal via adsorption techniques, radiation shielding, and their use as shielding absorbers for ionizing radiation. Furthermore, the significance of electrical contact materials and their performance is explored. The book unveils fabrication methods, sample preparation techniques, properties, and various applications of these remarkable composites. Topics range from additive manufacturing to solid-phase extraction and solid-phase microextraction utilizing diverse composites as adsorbents. Additionally, the inverse vulcanization process, a novel technique involving the copolymerization of elemental sulfur with different monomers based on their resource origins, is discussed. Technologies such as powder metallurgy (PM), mechanical alloying (MA), self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), and rapid solidification processing (RSP) are described. The book further delves into the preparation techniques of zeolite using both conventional and advanced methods, along with the synthesis of various zeolite-based composites, particularly their application in environmental remediation. The book culminates with a summary of analysis and modeling techniques used in composite materials, including those employed in ballistic applications.

Composite materials. --- Metals. --- Composites. --- Metals and Alloys.

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669.018.45 --- 669.018.45 Metals and alloys with high melting point --- Metals and alloys with high melting point

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This book gives in-depth information about evolution of additive manufacturing from a few decades to the present explaining how the technology has been improved with time and its practical implementation of the technology in various applications and industries. It describes the different types of additive manufacturing methods used to prepare materials and their advantages, followed by the limitations. This includes the fabrication of metal, polymer, biomaterial, hybrid nanomaterial, smart material, and ceramic materials using additive manufacturing methods used in many applications such as 3D printed batteries, supercapacitors, electrochemical sensors, biosensors, aircraft interior components, rocket engines components, automobile components, and medical implants. It also describes advanced applications of additive manufacturing materials in the construction, biomedical, and sports industries. In addition, the book also deep dives into the environmental impact and economic benefits ofadditive manufacturing industries. A special chapter is included to give an overview on the general type of job opportunities for engineering graduates and research scholars seeking to find employment in additive manufacturing companies. In short, the content of this book targets primarily researchers, engineering students (bachelors and masters), and industrial engineers.

Additive manufacturing. --- Materials. --- Chemistry. --- Metals. --- Materials Engineering. --- Materials Chemistry. --- Metals and Alloys.

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This textbook is aimed at graduate and upper undergraduate students studying materials science and metallurgy. It comprehensively covers the topic of microstructural characterization and includes an emphasis on Fourier analysis and Fourier transformation, electron diffraction, electromagnetic waves and electron waves, lens parameters, transmission electron microscopy, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The author has included pedagogical features such as end-of-chapter exercises and worked examples with varying degrees of difficulty to augment learning and self-testing. This book will be a useful guide for upper undergraduate and graduate students along with researchers and professionals working in the field of microstructural characterization.

Optics. Quantum optics --- Metallurgy --- microscopie --- metalen --- Metals. --- Materials --- Metals and Alloys. --- Materials Characterization Technique. --- Microscopy. --- Analysis.