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It has not been yet clarified whether allergy and asthma are part of the same condition or they follow a parallel path. This Research Topic aims to try and put some light in this parallel march going through crucial topics: from prenatal events to later risk factors such as obesity; and from basic immunology to immunotherapy, both subcutaneous and sublingual. We hope the readers can infer their own conclusions as what is first: egg or chicken.

Allergy --- Obesity --- Food allergy --- Oxidative stress --- Mediterranean diet --- Immunotherapy --- Genetics --- Epidemiology --- Asthma --- Atopy

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Dear Colleagues, There is increasing interest regarding the protective effect of dietary patterns on a series of metabolic diseases as compared to specific food items and nutrients, since it is well accepted that foods act synergistically. In recent years, the Mediterranean diet (MD) has gained popularity as one such dietary pattern, demonstrated to deliver many benefits according to a variety of different studies (cohort, RCT, etc.), adding to its legacy. The intention of this Special Issue is to stimulate sharing of additional clues that may further develop our understanding of the relationship between the Mediterranean diet and metabolic diseases. Another aim is to clarify potential differences in the benefits observed by different MD patterns. Moreover, as more info becomes available on the effect of MD patterns in the microbiome but also in the area of proteomics and epigenetics, relevant mechanisms and involved key mediators still need to be identified in order to provide further clarity in the description of the underlying mechanisms and the potential health outcomes occurring in response to adhering to MD. You are cordially invited to submit proposals for manuscripts that bring new elements into this interesting and promising topic. We invite clinicians and researchers to submit relevant scientific work from epidemiological or clinical studies, either original articles or reviews, to this Special Issue of Nutrients entitled “Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Diseases”.

Medicine --- urinary sodium excretion --- urinary potassium excretion --- salt --- sodium --- non-communicable diseases --- United Arab Emirates --- COVID-19 --- eating habits --- lifestyle behaviors --- Mediterranean Diet --- metabolites --- clinical trial --- lipoprotein composition --- biomarkers --- Mediterranean diet --- Mediterranean diet scores --- anthropometrics --- lipids --- cardiometabolic risk --- saturated fatty acids --- ASCVD prevention --- diabetes mellitus --- dietary pattern --- metabolic disease --- women --- nutritional habits --- health behaviors --- lifestyle --- obesity --- metabolic syndrome --- Mediterranean diet adherence --- Mediterranean dietary pattern

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Dear Colleagues, There is increasing interest regarding the protective effect of dietary patterns on a series of metabolic diseases as compared to specific food items and nutrients, since it is well accepted that foods act synergistically. In recent years, the Mediterranean diet (MD) has gained popularity as one such dietary pattern, demonstrated to deliver many benefits according to a variety of different studies (cohort, RCT, etc.), adding to its legacy. The intention of this Special Issue is to stimulate sharing of additional clues that may further develop our understanding of the relationship between the Mediterranean diet and metabolic diseases. Another aim is to clarify potential differences in the benefits observed by different MD patterns. Moreover, as more info becomes available on the effect of MD patterns in the microbiome but also in the area of proteomics and epigenetics, relevant mechanisms and involved key mediators still need to be identified in order to provide further clarity in the description of the underlying mechanisms and the potential health outcomes occurring in response to adhering to MD. You are cordially invited to submit proposals for manuscripts that bring new elements into this interesting and promising topic. We invite clinicians and researchers to submit relevant scientific work from epidemiological or clinical studies, either original articles or reviews, to this Special Issue of Nutrients entitled “Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Diseases”.

urinary sodium excretion --- urinary potassium excretion --- salt --- sodium --- non-communicable diseases --- United Arab Emirates --- COVID-19 --- eating habits --- lifestyle behaviors --- Mediterranean Diet --- metabolites --- clinical trial --- lipoprotein composition --- biomarkers --- Mediterranean diet --- Mediterranean diet scores --- anthropometrics --- lipids --- cardiometabolic risk --- saturated fatty acids --- ASCVD prevention --- diabetes mellitus --- dietary pattern --- metabolic disease --- women --- nutritional habits --- health behaviors --- lifestyle --- obesity --- metabolic syndrome --- Mediterranean diet adherence --- Mediterranean dietary pattern --- n/a

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The purpose of this Special Issue "Nutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)" is to increase knowledge regarding the role of dietary composition and effects in IBD, describing the prevalence of malnutrition in IBD and the effect on clinical outcomes, discussing methods of nutrition risk screening and assessment in IBD, and reviewing mechanisms through which diet and dietary components may affect disease severity. The articles focus on the following areas: Dietary Composition/Therapy Interventions in Ulcerative Colitis and effects on outcomes; Dietary Composition/Therapy Interventions in Crohn's Disease and effects on outcomes; Nutrition Risk Screening and Assessment in IBD; Mechanisms of Diet in the pathogenesis of IBD.

intestinal epithelial cells --- gluten --- n/a --- supplementation --- intestinal inflammation --- immune homeostasis --- dysplasia --- children --- Mediterranean Diet --- fat --- Inflammatory Bowel Disease --- synbiotic --- Crohn --- emulsifiers --- colorectal cancer --- Mediterranean diet --- inflammatory bowel disease --- vitamin --- malnutrition --- probiotic --- metagenomics --- osteopenia --- inflammatory bowel diseases --- Western-style Diet (WSD) --- dietary modification --- IBD --- immunity --- nutrient deficiency --- nutrients --- chemoprevention --- inflammation --- lifestyle modification --- epigenetic changes --- sarcopenia --- Crohn’s disease --- Nutritional Approach --- dietary protein level --- vitamin D --- exclusive enteral nutrition --- gut microbiota --- mushrooms --- Westernisation --- FODMAPs --- food intolerance --- brassica --- colitis --- C-reactive protein --- Lactobacillus acidophilus --- body composition --- high-sulfur foods --- ulcerative colitis --- micronutrients --- mineral --- obesity --- visceral adipose tissue --- Bacillus spores --- prebiotic --- osteoporosis --- food components --- nutrition --- older age --- dietary fibre --- dietary habits --- probiotics --- microbiota --- intestinal barrier --- food additive --- sulfur reducing --- epithelial adherens junctions --- lactose --- berries --- dietary intake --- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) --- mucosal cytokines --- diet --- Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis --- sugar cane fibre --- genotypes --- fructose --- epithelial repair --- bioactive peptides --- deficiency --- remission --- mucosa-adherent microbiota --- colon --- high salt diet --- faecal calprotectin --- Crohn's disease

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Metabolic syndrome is defined by a cluster of interrelated cardiovascular risk factors (hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and central adiposity), linked to a chronic, systemic, and low-grade inflammation, which severely increases the risk of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A growing body of evidence generated in the last decades has shown that not only the energy balance but also the macro-, micro-, and non-nutrient composition of the diet may influence the onset and progression of metabolic syndrome. However, further research is required to increase our understanding about the contribution of diet to metabolic syndrome prevention.

animal experimentation --- diet --- nutrition --- ingredients --- lard --- fibers --- fructose --- diet coloring --- autoclaving --- irradiation --- Passiflora setacea --- bioactive compounds --- phenolic compounds --- cardiovascular diseases --- nutrigenomics --- gene expression --- immune system --- cytokines --- insulin --- HDL --- diabetes mellitus --- dietary pattern --- metabotype --- metabolic phenotype --- Mediterranean Diet Score --- Alternate Healthy Eating Index --- atherosclerosis --- plaque burden --- lycopene --- tomato --- type 2 diabetes mellitus --- cis- and trans-isomers --- nutrients --- hypertension --- blood pressure --- management --- prevention --- mitochondria --- metabolic syndrome --- mitochondrial dysfunction --- balanced diet --- lifestyle --- Mediterranean diet --- plant-based diet --- DASH diet --- low-carbohydrate diet --- high-protein diet --- low-fat diet --- omega-3 fatty acids --- metabolism --- inflammation --- atherothrombosis --- clinical trials --- legacy effect --- metabolic memory --- cardiovascular disease --- diabetes --- dyslipidaemia --- abdominal obesity --- animal protein --- protein intake --- Alpha-linolenic acid --- docosahexaenoic acid --- rumenic acid --- punicic acid --- enriched eggs --- waist circumference --- obesity