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A fascinating exploration of the pentagon and its role in various culturesThe pentagon and its close cousin, the pentagram, have inspired individuals for the last two and half millennia, from mathematicians and philosophers to artists and naturalists. Despite the pentagon’s wide-ranging history, no single book has explored the important role of this shape in various cultures, until now. Richly illustrated, Pentagons and Pentagrams offers a sweeping view of the five-sided polygon, revealing its intriguing geometric properties and its essential influence on a variety of fields.Traversing time, Eli Maor narrates vivid stories, both celebrated and unknown, about the pentagon and pentagram. He discusses the early Pythagoreans, who ascribed to the pentagon mythical attributes, adopted it as their emblem, and figured out its construction with a straightedge and compass. Maor looks at how a San Diego housewife uncovered four previously unknown types of pentagonal tilings, and how in 1982 a scientist’s discovery of fivefold symmetries in certain alloys caused an uproar in crystallography and led to a Nobel Prize. Maor also discusses the pentagon’s impact on many buildings, from medieval fortresses to the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. Eugen Jost’s superb illustrations provide sumptuous visual context, and the book’s puzzles and mazes offer fun challenges for readers, with solutions given in an appendix.

MATHEMATICS / Geometry / General. --- Pentagon --- Pentagon. --- Pentacles. --- Mathematics --- History. --- Math --- Science --- Pantacles --- Pentagrams --- Talismans --- African Americans. --- Algebraic equation. --- Andromeda Galaxy. --- Approximation. --- Bakery. --- Bank for International Settlements. --- Bargaining power. --- Basic income. --- Bullet Hole. --- Cash. --- Central bank. --- Charles Messier. --- Chesapeake Bay. --- Color space. --- Compass-and-straightedge construction. --- Competition. --- Cosmic distance ladder. --- Crystal structure. --- Crystal. --- Crystallography. --- Damien Hirst. --- Diagonal. --- Diagram. --- Diffraction. --- Dodecahedron. --- Domestic worker. --- Duodecimal. --- Earthrise. --- Economic history. --- Economic policy. --- Economy. --- Employment. --- Empowerment. --- Engraving. --- Equilateral triangle. --- Estimator. --- Eurozone. --- Fermat number. --- Financial crisis. --- Geometry. --- Golden ratio. --- Government of the United Kingdom. --- Hexagon. --- Impact pressure. --- Income. --- Infinite product. --- Irrational number. --- Kamchatka Peninsula. --- Leonhard Euler. --- Linus Pauling. --- Mathematician. --- Measurement. --- Measures of national income and output. --- Meteorite. --- Milky Way. --- Monetary policy. --- Moon rock. --- Negative income tax. --- Nice. --- Notation. --- Number theory. --- Observable universe. --- Optimal control. --- Painting. --- Palazzo Vecchio. --- Payout. --- Pentagonal tiling. --- Percentage. --- Platonic solid. --- Polyhedron. --- Potomac River. --- Private sector. --- Probability distribution. --- Productivity. --- Proportionality (mathematics). --- Public finance. --- Quantity. --- Quasicrystal. --- Rational number. --- Rectangle. --- Regular polygon. --- Requirement. --- Siberia. --- State observer. --- Symmetry. --- Tax credit. --- Taxis. --- Technological change. --- Tessellation. --- Tetrahedron. --- Theorem. --- Transcendental number. --- Trigonometry. --- Unemployment. --- Unit square. --- Vibration. --- Wage. --- Wealth. --- Welfare reform.

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"Bruce Carruthers organizes his analysis around different types of credit, offering a roughly chronological discussion of each. The U.S. has always had an economy based on promises, but the manner in which questions about trust and trustworthiness have been posed and answered has evolved in important ways. Their evolution and expansion undergirded the rise of the modern credit economy, but it wasn't a smooth ride forward. Financial crises signalled the widespread collapse of promises, and a collective disbelief in their credibility. Frequently, these collapses motivated public and private attempts to build new institutional scaffolding in support of promises: the 1837 crisis prompted the development of credit ratings; the depression of the 1890s justified passage of a permanent bankruptcy law; the 1907 crisis led to the establishment of the Federal Reserve System; and the Great Depression led to a multitude of public policies in support of financial promises. At various points, political groups perceived the financial system to be deeply unfair, one that privileged some over others. During the 1880s and 1890s, agrarian groups and populists attacked a monetary and banking system that failed to give them adequate credit. During the 1960s and 1970s, women and minorities criticized a discriminatory financial system that denied them full access to consumer and mortgage credit. In The Economy of Promises, Carruthers describes the changes that have occurred, spell out their implications, and explain their significance"--

Credit --- Trust --- History. --- Economic aspects. --- Asset. --- Bank charge. --- Bank. --- Bond (finance). --- Business model. --- Capital adequacy ratio. --- Capital employed. --- Capital expenditure. --- Capital intensity. --- Cash crop. --- Cash flow. --- Commerce Clause. --- Commercial Credit. --- Commodity market. --- Commodity. --- Competition (economics). --- Consumerism. --- Credit (finance). --- Credit Insurance. --- Credit risk. --- Creditor. --- Crony capitalism. --- Currency. --- Current Price. --- Debt limit. --- Debt. --- Debtor. --- Diversification (finance). --- Economic Life. --- Economic development. --- Economic forecasting. --- Economic indicator. --- Economic interventionism. --- Economic policy. --- Economic sector. --- Economics. --- Economy of the United States. --- Economy. --- Employment. --- Exchange rate. --- Fee Income. --- Financial capital. --- Financial inclusion. --- Financial institution. --- Financial instrument. --- Financial intermediary. --- Financial services. --- Financial statement. --- Financial technology. --- Financier. --- Floating interest rate. --- Gross (economics). --- Gross Earnings. --- Gross domestic product. --- Guaranteed Loan. --- Income. --- Inflation. --- Insider Lending. --- Interest rate. --- Investment fund. --- Investment strategy. --- Investor. --- Margin (finance). --- Mark-to-market accounting. --- Market liquidity. --- Market price. --- Market rate. --- Market value. --- Mass production. --- Measures of national income and output. --- Monetarism. --- Money market account. --- Money market. --- Mortgage loan. --- Net capital rule. --- Net income. --- Payment. --- Policy. --- Price index. --- Pricing. --- Prime rate. --- Public finance. --- Purchase Price. --- Purchasing power. --- Rate of profit. --- Rate of return. --- Real interest rate. --- Relative value (economics). --- Repayment. --- Revenue bond. --- Securitization. --- Shareholder. --- Subsidy. --- Supply-side economics. --- Tax bracket. --- Tax reform. --- Trade credit. --- Value (economics). --- Working capital. --- World economy.

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An in-depth look at Qatar's migrant workers and the place of skill in the language of control and powerSkill—specifically the distinction between the “skilled” and “unskilled”—is generally defined as a measure of ability and training, but Does Skill Make Us Human? shows instead that skill distinctions are used to limit freedom, narrow political rights, and even deny access to imagination and desire. Natasha Iskander takes readers into Qatar’s booming construction industry in the lead-up to the 2022 World Cup, and through her unprecedented look at the experiences of migrant workers, she reveals that skill functions as a marker of social difference powerful enough to structure all aspects of social and economic life.Through unique access to construction sites in Doha, in-depth research, and interviews, Iskander explores how migrants are recruited, trained, and used. Despite their acquisition of advanced technical skills, workers are commonly described as unskilled and disparaged as “unproductive,” “poor quality,” or simply “bodies.” She demonstrates that skill categories adjudicate personhood, creating hierarchies that shape working conditions, labor recruitment, migration policy, the design of urban spaces, and the reach of global industries. Iskander also discusses how skill distinctions define industry responses to global warming, with employers recruiting migrants from climate-damaged places at lower wages and exposing these workers to Qatar’s extreme heat. She considers how the dehumanizing politics of skill might be undone through tactical solidarity and creative practices.With implications for immigrant rights and migrant working conditions throughout the world, Does Skill Make Us Human? examines the factors that justify and amplify inequality.

Foreign workers --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Qatar. --- Absorptive capacity. --- Adviser. --- Affordance. --- Availability. --- Betterment. --- Bodily integrity. --- Citizenship. --- Coercion. --- Cognition. --- Cognitive model. --- Collective bargaining. --- Competence (human resources). --- Construction. --- Credibility. --- Design knowledge. --- Developed country. --- Effectiveness. --- Embodied cognition. --- Embodied imagination. --- Employment. --- Foreign worker. --- Guideline. --- Harry Braverman. --- Human Rights Watch. --- Human behavior. --- Human body. --- Human capital. --- Human resources. --- Human skin color. --- Identity document. --- Impressment. --- Income. --- Informant. --- Informational interview. --- Infrastructure. --- Inspection. --- Interdependence. --- Kafala system. --- Knowledge worker. --- Labor camp. --- Labor relations. --- Laborer. --- Labour power. --- Measures of national income and output. --- Migrant worker. --- Modern history. --- Motivation. --- Nationality. --- Obedience (human behavior). --- Occupational injury. --- Occupational safety and health. --- On Your Behalf. --- Ownership (psychology). --- Partnership. --- Payment. --- Personhood. --- Physical exercise. --- Plausible deniability. --- Pliers. --- Police accountability. --- Political status. --- Politics. --- Primary authority. --- Productivity. --- Profession. --- Prospecting. --- Quality control. --- Quality management system. --- Race (human categorization). --- Recruitment. --- Remuneration. --- Repatriation (humans). --- Responsiveness. --- Rework (electronics). --- Safety culture. --- Salary. --- Scaffolding. --- Scholarship. --- Skill. --- Skilled worker. --- Slavery. --- Social protection. --- State actor. --- Statistician. --- Subcontractor. --- Subjectivity. --- Supervisor. --- Surety. --- Symptom. --- Tool. --- Tradesman. --- Understanding. --- Unfree labour. --- Wage. --- Welder. --- Welfare. --- Well-being. --- Workforce development. --- Workforce.

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This book presents the first attempt to model the relationships among the distribution of power, international trade, and war. Edward Mansfield dispels the widespread belief that a monotonic relationship exists between the distribution of power and patterns of both war and trade.

Foreign trade. International trade --- Coexistence --- Coëxistence pacifique --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Interdependence of nations --- International relations --- Internationale betrekkingen --- Macht (Sociale wetenschappen) --- Ordre mondial --- Peaceful coexistence --- Political power --- Pouvoir (Sciences sociales) --- Power (Social sciences) --- Relations internationales --- Vreedzame coëxistentie --- Wereldorde --- World order --- Internationaltrade --- War --- Economic aspects --- International relations. --- International trade. --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / International Relations / General. --- Economic aspects. --- Addition. --- Anglo-Persian War. --- Austria-Hungary. --- Austro-Prussian War. --- Autarky. --- Autocorrelation. --- Capitalism. --- Chi-squared test. --- Coefficient of determination. --- Coefficient of variation. --- Coefficient. --- Combatant. --- Commerce. --- Correlates of War. --- Correlation and dependence. --- Data set. --- Degrees of freedom (statistics). --- Determinant. --- Dummy variable (statistics). --- Durbin–Watson statistic. --- Economic power. --- Economics. --- Economist. --- Error term. --- Estimation. --- Explanation. --- Explanatory power. --- Externality. --- F-distribution. --- F-test. --- Free trade. --- Frequency distribution. --- Gibrat's law. --- Great power. --- Gross national product. --- Hegemonic stability theory. --- Hegemony. --- Heteroscedasticity. --- Income. --- Interdependence. --- Interest rate. --- International economics. --- International political economy. --- John Mearsheimer. --- Kenneth Waltz. --- Liberal international economic order. --- Linear regression. --- Literature. --- Logarithm. --- Market power. --- Measures of national income and output. --- Monetary policy. --- Napoleonic Wars. --- National power. --- National security. --- Null hypothesis. --- On War. --- One-Tailed Test. --- Opportunity cost. --- Peace and conflict studies. --- Percentage Change. --- Percentage. --- Poisson distribution. --- Political economy. --- Political science. --- Population growth. --- Prediction. --- Preventive war. --- Probability. --- Protectionism. --- Quantity. --- Raw material. --- Real versus nominal value (economics). --- Regression analysis. --- Result. --- Small power. --- Standard deviation. --- Statistical hypothesis testing. --- Statistical significance. --- Statistics. --- Stochastic process. --- Structural analysis. --- Subset. --- Suggestion. --- Tariff. --- Technological change. --- Theory of International Politics. --- Theory. --- Trade barrier. --- Variance. --- War effort. --- War. --- Warfare. --- World Politics. --- World War I. --- World War II. --- World war. --- Year. --- Economics of war --- Competition, International --- War, Cost of --- Empowerment (Social sciences) --- Exchange theory (Sociology) --- Political science --- Social sciences --- Sociology --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- External trade --- Foreign commerce --- Foreign trade --- Global commerce --- Global trade --- Trade, International --- World trade --- Commerce --- International economic relations --- Non-traded goods --- Foreign relations --- Global governance --- International affairs --- National security --- Sovereignty --- World politics