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Aux États-Unis, dans le climat de guerre froide des années 1950, les mathématiques ont pris une importance stratégique, jusque-là insoupçonnée, dans de nombreux domaines (armement, nucléaire, aéronautique, conquête spatiale ou prévision météorologique). En France, la science est alors loin d'être au cœur des questions militaires et politiques : les mathématiques restent une discipline abstraite et théorique, que le prestigieux groupe Bourbaki symbolise ; et l'informatique, tant universitaire qu'industrielle, patauge. Dans ce livre, Amy Dahan Dalmedico retrace la trajectoire trop méconnue d'un mathématicien d'exception, Jacques-Louis Lions (1928-2001), qui va contribuer de façon décisive à changer ce paysage, non sans luttes ni conflits. Il élargit considérablement le champ d'intervention et d'action des mathématiques et tisse des liens étroits avec les réseaux de l'État et les partenaires industriels qui veulent imposer une modernisation technologique de la France : Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, Électricité de France, Avions Marcel Dassault, Institut français du pétrole... En nous plongeant au cœur de décisions qui façonneront cette modernisation, cette biographie se veut donc un livre d'histoire contemporaine : histoire intellectuelle et sociale d'un champ scientifique en émergence, histoire des enjeux politiques et institutionnels qui ont accompagné son développement, récit d'une activité intense à l'articulation des univers académique, industriel et politique. A l'heure où la France met en débat ses structures de recherche et d'enseignement universitaire, discute des rapports idéaux qui devraient se nouer entre recherche fondamentale, recherches appliquées et innovations, entre monde académique, monde de l'entreprise et action publique, cet exemple offre ample matière à réflexion.
Mathematicians --- Mathematics --- History --- Mathematicians - France - Biography. --- Mathematics - History - 20th century.
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Mathematics --- History --- Mathematics - History - 20th century --- Mathematical logic
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Mathematics --- History --- Mathématiques --- Histoire --- Mathematics - History - 20th century
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Mathematicians --- Mathematics --- History --- Bourbaki, Nicolas --- France --- Biography --- 20th century --- Mathematicians - France - Biography. --- Mathematics - History - 20th century. --- Mathematics - History - 20th century
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Mathematics --- Mathématiques --- History --- Histoire --- Mathématiques --- Mathematics - History - 20th century. --- Histoire des mathematiques --- 20e siecle
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Mathematics --- Mathematicians --- Philosophy --- History --- Hilbert, David, --- Influence. --- Mathematics - Philosophy - History - 20th century. --- Mathematics - History - 20th century. --- Mathematicians - Germany - Biography.
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Mathematics --- Mathématiques --- History --- Histoire --- 51 <09> --- -Math --- Science --- Mathematics--Geschiedenis van ... --- -51 <09> --- -Mathematics--Geschiedenis van ... --- 51 <09> Mathematics--Geschiedenis van ... --- -Mathematics --- Mathématiques --- Mathematics--Geschiedenis van .. --- Mathematics--Geschiedenis van . --- Mathematics--Geschiedenis van --- Mathematics - History - 20th century. --- Histoire des mathematiques --- 20e siecle
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Mathematics --- -Mathematics --- -51 <09> --- 51 <09> Mathematics--Geschiedenis van ... --- Mathematics--Geschiedenis van ... --- Math --- Science --- History --- -History --- -Problems, exercises, etc --- 51 <09> --- Problems, exercises, etc --- Mathematics--Geschiedenis van .. --- Problems, exercises, etc. --- Mathematics--Geschiedenis van . --- Mathematics--Geschiedenis van --- Mathematics - History - 19th century --- Mathematics - History - 20th century --- Mathematics - Problems, exercises, etc.
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A glorious period of Hungarian mathematics started in 1900 when Lipót Fejér discovered the summability of Fourier series.This was followed by the discoveries of his disciples in Fourier analysis and in the theory of analytic functions. At the same time Frederic (Frigyes) Riesz created functional analysis and Alfred Haar gave the first example of wavelets. Later the topics investigated by Hungarian mathematicians broadened considerably, and included topology, operator theory, differential equations, probability, etc. The present volume, the first of two, presents some of the most remarkable results achieved in the twentieth century by Hungarians in analysis, geometry and stochastics. The book is accessible to anyone with a minimum knowledge of mathematics. It is supplemented with an essay on the history of Hungary in the twentieth century and biographies of those mathematicians who are no longer active. A list of all persons referred to in the chapters concludes the volume.
Mathematics. --- History of Mathematics. --- Analysis. --- Geometry. --- Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes. --- Global analysis (Mathematics). --- Mathematics_$xHistory. --- Distribution (Probability theory). --- Mathématiques --- Analyse globale (Mathématiques) --- Géométrie --- Distribution (Théorie des probabilités) --- Mathematics -- History -- 20th century. --- Mathematics -- Hungary -- History -- 20th century. --- Mathematics --- Mathematics - General --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- History --- Research --- Math --- History. --- Mathematical analysis. --- Analysis (Mathematics). --- Probabilities. --- History of Mathematical Sciences. --- History of Science. --- Science --- Distribution (Probability theory. --- Distribution functions --- Frequency distribution --- Characteristic functions --- Probabilities --- Euclid's Elements --- Analysis, Global (Mathematics) --- Differential topology --- Functions of complex variables --- Geometry, Algebraic --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Probability --- Statistical inference --- Combinations --- Chance --- Least squares --- Mathematical statistics --- Risk --- 517.1 Mathematical analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Probability Theory.
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