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Solving complex simulations while ensuring high accuracy is a challenge, as seen in simulations that involve free-surfaces and large displacements. One way to better solve them is via the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM). The Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) is a numerical method that discretizes the body into a set of points. This set of points is used to create a Finite Element mesh that moves in time following the cloud of points. PFEM then combines a Lagrangian description with the classical Finite Element Method. The strength of PFEM is that it solves problems that involve large displacements and severe topological changes. However, current PFEM implementations do not guarantee mass conservation. Therefore, it is necessary to find an approach that improves it. This work focuses on implementing numerical techniques related to the mesh to improve the conservation of mass in PFEM. In this study, the aforementioned techniques to improve mass conservation are implemented for the in-house PFEM Matlab code of the LTAS-MN2L group at the University of Liege. A study of the proposed methodologies is also presented, including: (1) a sloshing problem, (2) three different dam breaks. It is concluded that the Adjustment of the fluid’s height method that addresses both terms of mass variation yields the greatest improvement in mass conservation. Cruchaga’s approach is physically more coherent, as it corrects the free surface nodes’ positions based on the velocity of each node.
PFEM --- free-surface flows --- mass conservation --- CFD --- sloshing --- dam break --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Ingénierie aérospatiale
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Written by one of today's most highly respected astrophysicists, Foundations of High-Energy Astrophysics is an introduction to the mathematical and physical techniques used in the study of high-energy astrophysics. Here, Mario Vietri approaches the basics of high-energy astrophysics with an emphasis on underlying physical processes as opposed to a more mathematical approach. Alongside more traditional topics, Vietri presents new subjects increasingly considered crucial to understanding high-energy astrophysical sources, including the electrodynamics of cosmic sources, new developments in the theory of standard accretion disks, and the physics of coronae, thick disks, and accretion onto magnetized objects. The most thorough and engaging survey of high-energy astrophysics available today, Foundations of High-Energy Astrophysics introduces the main physical processes relevant to the field in a rigorous yet accessible way, while paying careful attention to observational issues. Vietri's book will quickly become a classic text for students and active researchers in astronomy and astrophysics. Those in adjoining fields will also find it a valuable addition to their personal libraries.
Astrophysics --- Infrared astronomy --- X-ray astronomy --- Gamma ray astronomy --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics --- Astronomy --- Space astronomy --- X-rays --- Infra-red astronomy --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- astrophysics, cosmic sources, electrodynamics, standard accretion disks, magnetized objects, coronae, physics, astronomy, mass conservation, momentum, energy, bernoullis theorem, conservative form, hydrodynamics, shock waves, discontinuity, small perturbations, viscous fluids, collisional shocks, noncollisional, de laval nozzle, magnetic fields, magnetohydrodynamics, nonfiction, science, radiative processes, nonthermal particles, spherical flows, explosion, pulsars, magnetospheres, black holes, orbits.
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This book offers a comprehensive exploration of geochemical kinetics--the application of chemical kinetics to geological problems, both theoretical and practical. Geochemical Kinetics balances the basic theories of chemical kinetics with a thorough examination of advanced theories developed by geochemists, such as nonisothermal kinetics and inverse theories, including geochronology (isotopic dating), thermochronology (temperature-time history), and geospeedometry (cooling rates). The first chapter provides an introduction and overview of the whole field at an elementary level, and the subsequent chapters develop theories and applications for homogeneous reactions, mass and heat transfer, heterogeneous reactions, and inverse problems. Most of the book's examples are from high-temperature geochemistry, with a few from astronomy and environmental sciences. Appendixes, homework problems for each major section, and a lengthy reference list are also provided. Readers should have knowledge of basic differential equations, some linear algebra, and thermodynamics at the level of an undergraduate physical chemistry course. Geochemical Kinetics is a valuable resource for anyone interested in the mathematical treatment of geochemical questions.
Chemical kinetics --- Geochemistry --- Absorptivities. --- Activated complex. --- Activation energy. --- Advection. --- Arrhenius plot. --- Asymptotic cooling. --- Avogadro constant. --- Avrami equation. --- Backward reaction. --- Batch melting. --- Binary diffusivity. --- Boltzmann distribution. --- Catalyst. --- Chapman mechanism. --- Chemical reactions. --- Collision theory. --- Component exchange. --- Concordia. --- Conservation equations. --- Convective crystal growth. --- Cooling history. --- Darken equation. --- Decay chains. --- Decay reactions. --- Diffusion and flow. --- Diffusion distance. --- Diffusion. --- Diffusivity. --- Dodson’s equations. --- Eddy diffusion. --- Energy conservation. --- Equilibrium. --- Extinct nuclides. --- Falling sphere. --- Fick’s law. --- First-order precision. --- Ganguly’s method. --- Geochemical kinetics. --- Geochronology. --- Geospeedometry. --- Heat conduction. --- Heterogeneous reactions. --- Infrared spectroscopy. --- Integrated error function. --- Interstitial sites. --- Inverse problems. --- Isochrons. --- Jumping frequency. --- Kohlrausch’s law. --- Law of mass action. --- Many-body problems. --- Mass conservation. --- Nanoparticle aggregation.
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“Symmetry Breaking in Cells and Tissues” presents a collection of seventeen reviews, opinions and original research papers contributed by theoreticians, physicists and mathematicians, as well as experimental biologists, united by a common interest in biological pattern formation and morphogenesis. The contributors discuss diverse manifestations of symmetry breaking in biology and showcase recent developments in experimental and theoretical approaches to biological morphogenesis and pattern formation on multiple scales.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- actin waves --- curved proteins --- dynamic instability --- podosomes --- diffusion --- cell polarity --- Cdc42 --- stress --- cellular memory --- phase separation --- prions --- apoptotic extrusion --- oncogenic extrusion --- contractility --- actomyosin --- bottom-up synthetic biology --- motor proteins --- pattern formation --- self-organization --- cell motility --- signal transduction --- actin dynamics --- intracellular waves --- polarization --- direction sensing --- symmetry-breaking --- biphasic responses --- reaction-diffusion --- membrane and cortical tension --- cell fusion --- cortexillin --- cytokinesis --- Dictyostelium --- myosin --- symmetry breaking --- cytoplasmic flow --- phase-space analysis --- nonlinear waves --- actin polymerization --- bifurcation theory --- mass conservation --- spatial localization --- activator–inhibitor models --- developmental transitions --- cell polarization --- mathematical model --- fission yeast --- reaction–diffusion model --- small GTPases --- Cdc42 oscillations --- pseudopod --- Ras activation --- cytoskeleton --- chemotaxis --- neutrophils --- natural variation --- modelling --- activator-substrate mechanism --- mass-conserved models --- intracellular polarization --- partial differential equations --- sensitivity analysis --- GTPase activating protein (GAP) --- fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe --- CRY2-CIBN --- optogenetics --- clustering --- positive feedback --- network evolution --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- polarity --- modularity --- neutrality --- n/a
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“Symmetry Breaking in Cells and Tissues” presents a collection of seventeen reviews, opinions and original research papers contributed by theoreticians, physicists and mathematicians, as well as experimental biologists, united by a common interest in biological pattern formation and morphogenesis. The contributors discuss diverse manifestations of symmetry breaking in biology and showcase recent developments in experimental and theoretical approaches to biological morphogenesis and pattern formation on multiple scales.
actin waves --- curved proteins --- dynamic instability --- podosomes --- diffusion --- cell polarity --- Cdc42 --- stress --- cellular memory --- phase separation --- prions --- apoptotic extrusion --- oncogenic extrusion --- contractility --- actomyosin --- bottom-up synthetic biology --- motor proteins --- pattern formation --- self-organization --- cell motility --- signal transduction --- actin dynamics --- intracellular waves --- polarization --- direction sensing --- symmetry-breaking --- biphasic responses --- reaction-diffusion --- membrane and cortical tension --- cell fusion --- cortexillin --- cytokinesis --- Dictyostelium --- myosin --- symmetry breaking --- cytoplasmic flow --- phase-space analysis --- nonlinear waves --- actin polymerization --- bifurcation theory --- mass conservation --- spatial localization --- activator–inhibitor models --- developmental transitions --- cell polarization --- mathematical model --- fission yeast --- reaction–diffusion model --- small GTPases --- Cdc42 oscillations --- pseudopod --- Ras activation --- cytoskeleton --- chemotaxis --- neutrophils --- natural variation --- modelling --- activator-substrate mechanism --- mass-conserved models --- intracellular polarization --- partial differential equations --- sensitivity analysis --- GTPase activating protein (GAP) --- fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe --- CRY2-CIBN --- optogenetics --- clustering --- positive feedback --- network evolution --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- polarity --- modularity --- neutrality --- n/a
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“Symmetry Breaking in Cells and Tissues” presents a collection of seventeen reviews, opinions and original research papers contributed by theoreticians, physicists and mathematicians, as well as experimental biologists, united by a common interest in biological pattern formation and morphogenesis. The contributors discuss diverse manifestations of symmetry breaking in biology and showcase recent developments in experimental and theoretical approaches to biological morphogenesis and pattern formation on multiple scales.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- actin waves --- curved proteins --- dynamic instability --- podosomes --- diffusion --- cell polarity --- Cdc42 --- stress --- cellular memory --- phase separation --- prions --- apoptotic extrusion --- oncogenic extrusion --- contractility --- actomyosin --- bottom-up synthetic biology --- motor proteins --- pattern formation --- self-organization --- cell motility --- signal transduction --- actin dynamics --- intracellular waves --- polarization --- direction sensing --- symmetry-breaking --- biphasic responses --- reaction-diffusion --- membrane and cortical tension --- cell fusion --- cortexillin --- cytokinesis --- Dictyostelium --- myosin --- symmetry breaking --- cytoplasmic flow --- phase-space analysis --- nonlinear waves --- actin polymerization --- bifurcation theory --- mass conservation --- spatial localization --- activator–inhibitor models --- developmental transitions --- cell polarization --- mathematical model --- fission yeast --- reaction–diffusion model --- small GTPases --- Cdc42 oscillations --- pseudopod --- Ras activation --- cytoskeleton --- chemotaxis --- neutrophils --- natural variation --- modelling --- activator-substrate mechanism --- mass-conserved models --- intracellular polarization --- partial differential equations --- sensitivity analysis --- GTPase activating protein (GAP) --- fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe --- CRY2-CIBN --- optogenetics --- clustering --- positive feedback --- network evolution --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- polarity --- modularity --- neutrality --- actin waves --- curved proteins --- dynamic instability --- podosomes --- diffusion --- cell polarity --- Cdc42 --- stress --- cellular memory --- phase separation --- prions --- apoptotic extrusion --- oncogenic extrusion --- contractility --- actomyosin --- bottom-up synthetic biology --- motor proteins --- pattern formation --- self-organization --- cell motility --- signal transduction --- actin dynamics --- intracellular waves --- polarization --- direction sensing --- symmetry-breaking --- biphasic responses --- reaction-diffusion --- membrane and cortical tension --- cell fusion --- cortexillin --- cytokinesis --- Dictyostelium --- myosin --- symmetry breaking --- cytoplasmic flow --- phase-space analysis --- nonlinear waves --- actin polymerization --- bifurcation theory --- mass conservation --- spatial localization --- activator–inhibitor models --- developmental transitions --- cell polarization --- mathematical model --- fission yeast --- reaction–diffusion model --- small GTPases --- Cdc42 oscillations --- pseudopod --- Ras activation --- cytoskeleton --- chemotaxis --- neutrophils --- natural variation --- modelling --- activator-substrate mechanism --- mass-conserved models --- intracellular polarization --- partial differential equations --- sensitivity analysis --- GTPase activating protein (GAP) --- fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe --- CRY2-CIBN --- optogenetics --- clustering --- positive feedback --- network evolution --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- polarity --- modularity --- neutrality
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