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Malcolm X.

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African American Islam --- African American religion --- modern Islam --- cross-cultural understanding --- African Americans --- Muslims --- slavery --- black activism --- black Muslims --- the Nation of Islam --- Islamic orthodoxy --- the assassination of Malcolm X

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This book tracks the evolution of Malcolm X from a racist, espousing the essentialist ideals of the Nation of Islam to a human rights activist, aware of the broader early 1960's struggle against imperial forces. Central to this was his strategic use of race to unite African-American initially and then the oppressed people in the world. Race was used as a strategy with the aim to abolish racial oppression. In the first chapter of this study we look at the constraints, most notably the white power structure, present in the United States during the mid-1960's which, on one hand gave form to Malcolm

African Americans --- Black Muslims --- X, Malcolm, --- Ḥajj Malik al-Shabāẓz, --- Hajj Malik el-Shabazz, --- Iks, Mālkūm, --- Little, Malcolm, --- Malcolm X, --- Malik al-Shabāẓz, --- Malik el-Shabazz, --- Shabāz, Mālik, --- Shabazz, el-Hajj Malik, --- Shabazz, Malik,

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Less than three months before he was assassinated, Malcolm X spoke at the Oxford Union-the most prestigious student debating organization in the United Kingdom. The Oxford Union regularly welcomed heads of state and stars of screen and served as the training ground for the politically ambitious offspring of Britain's "better classes." Malcolm X, by contrast, was the global icon of race militancy. For many, he personified revolution and danger. Marking the fiftieth anniversary of the debate, this book brings to life the dramatic events surrounding the visit, showing why Oxford invited Malcolm X, why he accepted, and the effect of the visit on Malcolm X and British students. Stephen Tuck tells the human story behind the debate and also uses it as a starting point to discuss larger issues of Black Power, the end of empire, British race relations, immigration, and student rights. Coinciding with a student-led campaign against segregated housing, the visit enabled Malcolm X to make connections with radical students from the Caribbean, Africa, and South Asia, giving him a new perspective on the global struggle for racial equality, and in turn, radicalizing a new generation of British activists. Masterfully tracing the reverberations on both sides of the Atlantic, Tuck chronicles how the personal transformation of the dynamic American leader played out on the international stage.

Civil rights movements --- Anti-racism --- Antiracism --- Social justice --- Multiculturalism --- Racism --- Civil liberation movements --- Liberation movements (Civil rights) --- Protest movements (Civil rights) --- Human rights movements --- History --- X, Malcolm, --- Ḥajj Malik al-Shabāẓz, --- Hajj Malik el-Shabazz, --- Iks, Mālkūm, --- Little, Malcolm, --- Malcolm X, --- Malik al-Shabāẓz, --- Malik el-Shabazz, --- Shabāz, Mālik, --- Shabazz, el-Hajj Malik, --- Shabazz, Malik, --- Travel --- Oxford Union --- United Debating Society (University of Oxford) --- Oxford. --- Oxford Union Society --- University of Oxford. --- 20th century american history. --- african americans. --- american history. --- american racism. --- assassination. --- black advocacy. --- black power. --- british race relations. --- british students. --- civic. --- civil rights activist. --- civil rights movement. --- empire. --- global struggle. --- great britain. --- history. --- human rights activist. --- immigration. --- inequality. --- international politics. --- international. --- malcolm x. --- oxford. --- politics. --- race militancy. --- racial equality. --- radical politics. --- revolt. --- revolution. --- revolutionaries. --- segregated housing. --- student rights. --- united kingdom.

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Despite his association with the Nation of Islam, Malcolm X had an intimate relation with Christianity and Christians, which influenced his personal life and spirituality as well as his career. Lou Decaro's Malcolm and the Cross thoroughly explores the relation between Malcolm, the Nation of Islam, and Christianity. After revealing the religious roots of the Nation of Islam in relation to Christianity, DeCaro examines Malcolm's development and contributions as an activist, journalist, orator, and revolutionist against the backdrop of his familial religious heritage. In the process, DeCaro achieves nothing less than a radical rethinking of the way we understand Malcolm X, depicting him as a religious revolutionist whose analysis of Christianity is indispensable--particularly in an era when cultic Islam, Christianity, and traditional Islam continue to represent key factors in any discussion about racism in the United States.

Black Muslims. --- African Americans --- Islam --- Christianity and other religions --- Bilalians --- Black Muslims --- Nation of Islam (Movement) --- Black nationalism --- Muslims --- Religion. --- Relations --- Christianity. --- Islam. --- Religion --- X, Malcolm, --- Ḥajj Malik al-Shabāẓz, --- Hajj Malik el-Shabazz, --- Iks, Mālkūm, --- Little, Malcolm, --- Malcolm X, --- Malik al-Shabāẓz, --- Malik el-Shabazz, --- Shabāz, Mālik, --- Shabazz, el-Hajj Malik, --- Shabazz, Malik, --- Christianity and other religions. --- Christianity --- Syncretism (Christianity) --- Religions --- Mohammedanism --- Muhammadanism --- Muslimism --- Mussulmanism --- Relations. --- History