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Born Françoise d'Aubigné, a criminal's daughter reduced to street begging as a child, Madame de Maintenon (1653-1719) made an improbable rise from impoverished beginnings to the summit of power as the second, secret wife of Louis XIV. An educational reformer, Maintenon founded and directed the celebrated academy for aristocratic women at Saint-Cyr. This volume presents the dialogues and addresses in which Maintenon explains her controversial philosophy of education for women. Denounced by her contemporaries as a political schemer and religious fanatic, Maintenon has long been criticized as an opponent of gender equality. The writings in this volume faithfully reflect Maintenon's respect for social hierarchy and her stoic call for women to accept the duties of their state in life. But the writings also echo Maintenon's more feminist concerns: the need to redefine the virtues in the light of women's experience, the importance of naming the constraints on women's freedom, and the urgent need to remedy the scandalous neglect of the education of women. In her writings as well as in her own model school at Saint-Cyr, Maintenon embodies the demand for educational reform as the key to the empowerment of women at the dawn of modernity.

Women --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Education --- Conduct of life --- madame de maintenon, feminist theory, feminism, education, gender, women, rags to riches, power, monarchy, secret wife, louis xiv, equality, saint-cyr, aristocracy, academy, wealth, social hierarchy, class, duty, obligation, roles, virtue, experience, freedom, liberty, constraint, literacy, empowerment, piety, privilege, marriage, reputation, religion.

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Maintenon Madame de --- -Fiction --- Maintenon, Françoise d'Aubigné --- France --- Aubigné, d', Françoise --- 929 DE MAINTENON, FRANCOISE --- Maintenon, --- Aubigne, Francisca de, --- Aubigné, Françoise d', --- Aubigné y de Cardilhac, Francisca de, --- Cardilhac, Francisca de Aubigné y de, --- D'Aubigné, Françoise, --- De Aubigné y de Cardilhac, Francisca, --- De Cardilhac, Francisca de Aubigné y, --- De Maintenon, --- Maintenon, Françoise d'Aubigné, --- Mentenon, --- Scarron, Françoise, --- Fiction. --- Fiction --- Maintenon --- Maintenon, Françoise d'Aubigné marquise de --- madame de Maintenon --- Maintenon, - Madame de, - 1635-1719 - Fiction --- d'Aubigné, Françoise, marquise de Maintenon --- Maintenon - Fiction --- Maintenon, - Madame de, - 1635-1719

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The rise to power of Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon (1635-1719), a queen in all but name, was nothing short of extraordinary. Born into poverty and ignominy, she used her intellect, charisma, and connections to join the ranks of fashionable society, eventually establishing herself at the French court as governess to the legitimized children of Louis XIV. Her relationship with the Sun King gradually flourished, and after the death of the queen in 1683 the couple secretly married. Although their marriage was never made public, Maintenon came to wield unparalleled influence as Louis XIV's closest confidante and most trusted political adviser. The aging king required her daily presence in governmental meetings and relied on her for advice on crown appointments, state business, and policy making. Her modest suite of apartments at Versailles became the heart of the court and she was pursued by officials and dignitaries, popes and princes from across Europe, all anxious to appropriate her influence. She used her expansive social network to intervene in a range of political, religious, and royal family affairs, but not always with the king's knowledge, and her successes were often outweighed by controversy and failure. In Queen of Versailles Mark Bryant explores the remarkable life and court career of Madame de Maintenon. A study in queenship, it reveals how the dynamics of power and gender operated within the realms of early modern high politics, church-state affairs, and international relations while providing unique insights into the Sun King and his court.

Aubigné, d', Françoise --- Favorites, Royal --- Maintenon, --- Louis --- Relations with women. --- France --- Kings and rulers --- Paramours --- Court and courtiers --- History. --- History --- Lodewijk --- le Roi-Soleil --- Louis le Grand --- de Zonnekoning --- madame de Maintenon --- Aubigne, Francisca de, --- Aubigné, Françoise d', --- Aubigné y de Cardilhac, Francisca de, --- Cardilhac, Francisca de Aubigné y de, --- D'Aubigné, Françoise, --- De Aubigné y de Cardilhac, Francisca, --- De Cardilhac, Francisca de Aubigné y, --- De Maintenon, --- Maintenon, Françoise d'Aubigné, --- Mentenon, --- Scarron, Françoise, --- Bro-C'hall --- Fa-kuo --- Fa-lan-hsi --- Faguo --- Falanxi --- Falanxi Gongheguo --- Faransā --- Farānsah --- França --- Francia (Republic) --- Francija --- Francja --- Francland --- Francuska --- Franis --- Franḳraykh --- Frankreich --- Frankrig --- Frankrijk --- Frankrike --- Frankryk --- Fransa --- Fransa Respublikası --- Franse --- Franse Republiek --- Frant︠s︡ --- Frant︠s︡ Uls --- Frant︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Frantsuzskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Frantsyi︠a︡ --- Franza --- French Republic --- Frencisc Cynewīse --- Frenska republika --- Furansu --- Furansu Kyōwakoku --- Gallia --- Gallia (Republic) --- Gallikē Dēmokratia --- Hyãsia --- Parancis --- Peurancih --- Phransiya --- Pransiya --- Pransya --- Prantsusmaa --- Pʻŭrangsŭ --- Ranska --- República Francesa --- Republica Franzesa --- Republika Francuska --- Republiḳah ha-Tsarfatit --- Republikang Pranses --- République française --- Tsarfat --- Tsorfat --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- Γαλλία --- Франц --- Франц Улс --- Французская Рэспубліка --- Францыя --- Франция --- Френска република --- פראנקרייך --- צרפת --- רפובליקה הצרפתית --- فرانسه --- فرنسا --- フランス --- フランス共和国 --- 法国 --- 法蘭西 --- 法蘭西共和國 --- 프랑스 --- France (Provisional government, 1944-1946)