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Artificial satellites use solar panels to produce their electric energy. Solar panels possess an operating voltage for which the power they deliver is maximal. This voltage is called the Maximum Power Point (MPP). The MPP of a given solar panel changes with respect to external conditions such as the sun irradiance or the temperature. In addition, the operating voltage of a solar array is fixed by the loads it is connected to. Techniques that put a solar array at its MPP are called Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques. Those techniques control a power converter that connects the solar array to the loads in order to track the MPP. Classical MPPT techniques require at least two measurements (current and voltage) per solar panel in order to work. This thesis described the design and the implementation of a disruptive MPPT technique applied to a system composed of solar arrays connected to a battery through buck converters. The technique relies on synchronous demodulation of orthogonal signals and requires a single measurement of current to control an undetermined number of solar panels. The technique proved to work with state of the art performances, therefore paving the way for a new generation of MPPT technique that are less demanding in hardware components.
Power electronics --- Space --- Solar arrays --- MPPT --- Pseudo random signals --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Ingénierie électrique & électronique
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Ce travail de fin d'études réalise une preuve de concept de la possibilité d'implémenter un algorithme du tracking de la puissance maximale du panneau solaire sur un convertisseur existant commercialisé par CE+T Power.
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In the first decades of the current millennium, the contribution of photovoltaic and wind energy systems to power generation capacity has grown extraordinarily all around the world; in some countries, these systems have become two of the most relevant sources to meet the needs of energy supply. This Special Issue deals with all aspects of the development, implementation, and exploitation of systems and installations that operate with both sources of energy.
wind energy conversion system --- distributed control --- battery energy storage system --- consensus algorithm --- photovoltaic --- voltage stability --- grid capacity --- penetration level --- frequency stability --- Egypt’s national grid --- renewable energies --- photovoltaic (PV) --- energy challenge --- policy options --- technological development --- market development --- battery storage --- concentrated solar power (CSP), installed capacity --- solar energy resources --- solar thermal plants --- thermal energy storage (TES) --- maximum power point (MPP) --- maximum power point tracking (MPPT) --- perturbe and observe (P& --- O) --- incremental conductance (IC) --- off-shore wind farms --- wind farm aggregation --- admittance model order reduction --- HVDC diode rectifiers --- grid-forming wind turbines --- efficiency improvement --- photovoltaic inverters --- parallel inverters --- wind turbine emulator --- wind turbine energy systems --- photovoltaics --- two-stage grid-connected PV inverters --- reduced DC-link --- sensorless MPPT
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In the first decades of the current millennium, the contribution of photovoltaic and wind energy systems to power generation capacity has grown extraordinarily all around the world; in some countries, these systems have become two of the most relevant sources to meet the needs of energy supply. This Special Issue deals with all aspects of the development, implementation, and exploitation of systems and installations that operate with both sources of energy.
Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- wind energy conversion system --- distributed control --- battery energy storage system --- consensus algorithm --- photovoltaic --- voltage stability --- grid capacity --- penetration level --- frequency stability --- Egypt’s national grid --- renewable energies --- photovoltaic (PV) --- energy challenge --- policy options --- technological development --- market development --- battery storage --- concentrated solar power (CSP), installed capacity --- solar energy resources --- solar thermal plants --- thermal energy storage (TES) --- maximum power point (MPP) --- maximum power point tracking (MPPT) --- perturbe and observe (P& --- O) --- incremental conductance (IC) --- off-shore wind farms --- wind farm aggregation --- admittance model order reduction --- HVDC diode rectifiers --- grid-forming wind turbines --- efficiency improvement --- photovoltaic inverters --- parallel inverters --- wind turbine emulator --- wind turbine energy systems --- photovoltaics --- two-stage grid-connected PV inverters --- reduced DC-link --- sensorless MPPT
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Photovoltaics, among the different renewable energy sources (RES), has become more popular. In recent years, however, many research topics have arisen as a result of the problems that are constantly faced in smart-grid and microgrid operations, such as forecasting of the output of power plant production, storage sizing, modeling, and control optimization of photovoltaic systems. Computational intelligence algorithms (evolutionary optimization, neural networks, fuzzy logic, etc.) have become more and more popular as alternative approaches to conventional techniques for solving problems such as modeling, identification, optimization, availability prediction, forecasting, sizing, and control of stand-alone, grid-connected, and hybrid photovoltaic systems. This Special Issue will investigate the most recent developments and research on solar power systems. This Special Issue "Computational Intelligence in Photovoltaic Systems" is highly recommended for readers with an interest in the various aspects of solar power systems, and includes 10 original research papers covering relevant progress in the following (non-exhaustive) fields: Forecasting techniques (deterministic, stochastic, etc.); DC/AC converter control and maximum power point tracking techniques; Sizing and optimization of photovoltaic system components; Photovoltaics modeling and parameter estimation; Maintenance and reliability modeling; Decision processes for grid operators.
artificial neural network --- online diagnosis --- genetic algorithm --- renewable energy --- unit commitment --- photovoltaic panel --- power forecasting --- metaheuristic --- monitoring system --- embedded systems --- firefly algorithm --- tracking system --- MPPT algorithm --- integrated storage --- day-ahead forecast --- solar radiation --- prototype model --- artificial neural networks --- parameter extraction --- thermal image --- thermal model --- solar cell --- PV cell temperature --- evolutionary algorithms --- uncertainty --- battery --- harmony search meta-heuristic algorithm --- single-diode photovoltaic model --- symbiotic organisms search --- photovoltaics --- tilt angle --- smart photovoltaic system blind --- orientation --- photovoltaic --- particle swarm optimization --- analytical methods --- computational intelligence --- statistical errors --- ensemble methods --- solar photovoltaic --- electrical parameters --- demand response --- metaheuristic algorithm
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Open-source electronics are becoming very popular, and are integrated with our daily educational and developmental activities. At present, the use open-source electronics for teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) has become a global trend. Off-the-shelf embedded electronics such as Arduino- and Raspberry-compatible modules have been widely used for various applications, from do-it-yourself (DIY) to industrial projects. In addition to the growth of open-source software platforms, open-source electronics play an important role in narrowing the gap between prototyping and product development. Indeed, the technological and social impacts of open-source electronics in teaching, research, and innovation have been widely recognized.
distributed measurement systems --- open-source platform --- n/a --- FPGA --- technology convergence --- distributed energy resource --- vision system --- infrared --- DC/DC converter --- modified sliding window algorithm --- virtual sensor --- open platform --- context --- maximum power point tracking (MPPT) --- ontology --- Python --- EPICS --- human-computer interface (HCI) --- visual algorithms --- open hardware --- automated vehicle --- interleaved --- electromyogram (EMG) --- sensor detection --- smart farming --- digital signal controllers --- blockchain --- PiCamera --- eye tracking --- smart cities --- Arduino --- smart converter --- OPC UA --- Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) --- wireless sensor networks --- Raspberry Pi --- BeagleBoard --- service learning --- embedded systems education --- individual management of livestock --- robotics --- sensor networks --- dsPIC --- thermal imaging --- photovoltaic (PV) system --- hardware trojan taxonomy --- science teaching --- side channel analysis --- coalition --- electrooculogram (EOG) --- automation networks --- robotic tool --- cloud computing --- Java --- industry 4.0 --- teaching robotics --- Digital Signal Processor (DSP) --- piecewise linear approximation (PLA) --- Internet of Things --- Cloud of Things --- STEM --- support vector regression --- cyber-physical systems --- interaction --- node-RED --- momentum data sensing --- remote sensing platform
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The electrical demands in several countries around the world are increasing due to the huge energy requirements of prosperous economies and the human activities of modern life. In order to economically transfer electrical powers from the generation side to the demand side, these powers need to be transferred at high-voltage levels through suitable transmission systems and power substations. To this end, high-voltage transmission systems and power substations are in demand. Actually, they are at the heart of interconnected power systems, in which any faults might lead to unsuitable consequences, abnormal operation situations, security issues, and even power cuts and blackouts. In order to cope with the ever-increasing operation and control complexity and security in interconnected high-voltage power systems, new architectures, concepts, algorithms, and procedures are essential. This book aims to encourage researchers to address the technical issues and research gaps in high-voltage transmission systems and power substations in modern energy systems.
Technology: general issues --- VFTO suppression --- GIS --- high-frequency inductance calculation --- damping busbar --- dynamic state estimation (DSE) --- synchronous machine --- ensemble square root filter (EnSRF) --- Sage–Husa algorithm --- grounding grid --- magnetic field --- orientation --- transient electromagnetic method (TEM) --- traction power-supply system --- protective relay --- digital simulator --- monitoring and controlling system --- railway --- transformer --- transmission line --- discrete wavelet transform --- mother wavelet --- fault classification --- multiprocessor system --- online non-clairvoyant scheduling --- weighted flow time --- potential analysis --- energy efficiency --- modular multilevel converter --- STATCOM --- optimization --- harmonics --- Harris Hawk’s optimization --- Atom search optimization --- laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy --- contamination --- insulators --- salt --- calibration curves --- PV water pumping --- high gain DC-DC converter --- modified LUO converter --- hybrid MPPT algorithm --- grey wolf optimizer --- cyber-physical security --- microgrid --- cyber-attacks --- n/a --- Sage-Husa algorithm --- Harris Hawk's optimization
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Microgrids are a growing segment of the energy industry, representing a paradigm shift from centralized structures toward more localized, autonomous, dynamic, and bi-directional energy networks, especially in cities and communities. The ability to isolate from the larger grid makes microgrids resilient, while their capability of forming scalable energy clusters permits the delivery of services that make the grid more sustainable and competitive. Through an optimal design and management process, microgrids could also provide efficient, low-cost, clean energy and help to improve the operation and stability of regional energy systems. This book covers these promising and dynamic areas of research and development and gathers contributions on different aspects of microgrids in an aim to impart higher degrees of sustainability and resilience to energy systems.
Technology: general issues --- microgrid --- distribution network operator --- double externalities --- subsidy --- PV system --- PI controller --- fuzzy control --- MPPT --- tracking speed --- error --- Micro Grid --- VSG --- power sharing --- inertia support --- energy support --- small signal stability --- day-ahead operational scheduling --- reconfigurable microgrid --- DRNN Bi-LSTM --- aggregated load forecasting --- bulk photovoltaic power generation forecasting --- solar potential assessment --- resource mapping --- geographic information systems (GIS) --- site selection --- Iran --- earthquake --- power distribution network --- resilience improvement planning --- water distribution network --- load disaggregation --- non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) --- dimensionality reduction --- principal component analysis (PCA) --- smart home --- solar renewable --- thermal load --- stochastic operation --- energy storage --- sustainability --- desalination --- renewable energy --- water–energy-nexus --- photovoltaic grid-connected system --- power fluctuation --- DC bus voltage stabilization --- prescribed performance --- command-filtered adaptive backstepping control --- centralized control architecture --- DC microgrid --- distributed control architecture --- electricity price constraint --- hybrid control architecture --- power flow control strategy --- data pre-processing --- electricity theft --- imbalance data --- parameter tuning --- smart grid
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Standalone (off-grid) renewable energy systems supply electricity in places where there is no access to a standard electrical grid. These systems may include photovoltaic generators, wind turbines, hydro turbines or any other renewable electrical generator. Usually, this kind of system includes electricity storage (commonly lead-acid batteries, but also other types of storage can be used). In some cases, a backup generator (usually powered by fossil fuel, diesel or gasoline) is part of the hybrid system. The modelling of the components, the control of the system and the simulation of the performance of the whole system are necessary to evaluate the system technically and economically. The optimization of the sizing and/or the control is also an important task in this kind of system.
Research & information: general --- renewable energy --- low-temperature energy storage --- SOC --- simulation --- sustainability --- greenhouse gas emission --- economic feasibility --- photovoltaic systems --- MPPT --- partial shading condition --- transfer reinforcement learning --- space decomposition --- microgrids --- energy management --- optimization --- photovoltaic --- energy storage --- demand response program (DRP) --- photovoltaic system (PV) --- pumped heat energy storage (PHES) --- critical peak pricing (CPP) DRP --- time-ahead dynamic pricing (TADP) DRP --- loss of power supply probability (LPSP) --- energy storage system (ESS) --- Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) --- pitch control --- permanent magnet-synchronous generator (PMSG) --- limit extracted power --- nonlinear adaptive control (NAC) --- perturbation observer --- vanadium redox flow battery --- genetic algorithm --- binary particle swarm optimization --- time-varying mirrored S-shaped transfer function --- greenhouse gas emissions --- heliostat --- sun tracking --- solar energy --- embedded system --- fuzzy logic control --- center of sums defuzzification method --- n/a
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Microgrids are a growing segment of the energy industry, representing a paradigm shift from centralized structures toward more localized, autonomous, dynamic, and bi-directional energy networks, especially in cities and communities. The ability to isolate from the larger grid makes microgrids resilient, while their capability of forming scalable energy clusters permits the delivery of services that make the grid more sustainable and competitive. Through an optimal design and management process, microgrids could also provide efficient, low-cost, clean energy and help to improve the operation and stability of regional energy systems. This book covers these promising and dynamic areas of research and development and gathers contributions on different aspects of microgrids in an aim to impart higher degrees of sustainability and resilience to energy systems.
microgrid --- distribution network operator --- double externalities --- subsidy --- PV system --- PI controller --- fuzzy control --- MPPT --- tracking speed --- error --- Micro Grid --- VSG --- power sharing --- inertia support --- energy support --- small signal stability --- day-ahead operational scheduling --- reconfigurable microgrid --- DRNN Bi-LSTM --- aggregated load forecasting --- bulk photovoltaic power generation forecasting --- solar potential assessment --- resource mapping --- geographic information systems (GIS) --- site selection --- Iran --- earthquake --- power distribution network --- resilience improvement planning --- water distribution network --- load disaggregation --- non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) --- dimensionality reduction --- principal component analysis (PCA) --- smart home --- solar renewable --- thermal load --- stochastic operation --- energy storage --- sustainability --- desalination --- renewable energy --- water–energy-nexus --- photovoltaic grid-connected system --- power fluctuation --- DC bus voltage stabilization --- prescribed performance --- command-filtered adaptive backstepping control --- centralized control architecture --- DC microgrid --- distributed control architecture --- electricity price constraint --- hybrid control architecture --- power flow control strategy --- data pre-processing --- electricity theft --- imbalance data --- parameter tuning --- smart grid
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