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Bij de moeilijk te identificeren bacteriën, zoals nonfermenters en mycobacteria, dienden alternatieve targetgenen gesequeneerd te worden om meer informatie te verschaffen betreffende de species status van de onbekende isolaat. Het recA gen en gyrB gen werden om deze reden onderzocht voor identificatie van het Burkholderia cepacia complex, Acinetobacter spp. en mycobacteria. Na analyse blijkt het recA gen in staat te zijn om een verbeterde identificatie tot op species niveau te geven bij leden van het Burkholderia cepacia complex. Een ultieme identi ficatieprocedure tot op species niveau voor alle kiemen, enkel en alleen op basis van sequencing van één of meerdere targetgenen, is nog niet mogelijk. Bijkomende alternatieve methodes zijn hierbij noodzakelijk.Als geen identificatie kan worden verkregen d.m.v. MALDI-TOF MS kan sequencing van het 16S rRNA worden aanzien als de eerste stap waarbij in de meeste gevallen een identificatie tot op species niveau kan worden verkregen. Als dit echter niet het geval is, kan sequencing van alternatieve targetgenen worden uitgevoerd om een verbeterde identificatie te verkrijgen tot op species niveau. Correcte identificatie van klinische bacteriële isolaten is belangrijk voor het opstarten van de geschikte behandeling en eventuele controlemaatregelen. Vooral bij immuunverzwakte patiënten, waaronder mucoviscidose patiënten, is een snelle en accurate identificatie van hun koloniserende pathogenen cruciaal, maar echter veelal problematisch gezien hun specifieke klinische context.Matrix asissted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight massaspectrometrie (MALDI-TOF MS) is een moleculaire identificatiemethode die recent zijn opmars heeft gemaakt in de klinische laboratoria. Deze techniek is snel en eenvoudig in gebruik, maar bevat nog een aantal tekortkomingen vooral bij de moeilijk te identificeren bacteriën, zoals nonfermenters en mycobacteria. Ter validatie van de MALDI-TOF MS identificatie van nonfermenters en mycobacteria kan identificatie door middel van sequencing dienst doen als alternatieve identificatiemethode.Sequencing van het 16S rRNA wordt in de literatuur beschreven als een goede identificatiemethode voor de meeste bacteriën, echter identificatie tot op species niveau bij nauw verwante bacteriën, waarbij onderling het 16S rRNA sterk gelijkend is, zorgt soms voor problemen. Dit blijkt na toepassing van de volledige sequencing procedure op een set van eenvoudig te identificeren Grampositieve en Gramnegatieve bacteriën, die via sequentie van het 16S rRNA gen aanleiding gaf tot een eenduidige identificatie.

16S rRNA. --- Cystic Fibrosis. --- H365-vertaalwetenschappen. --- H520-algemene-germaanse-filologie. --- Identificatie. --- Klinische genetica. --- MALDI-TOF MS. --- Mycobacteria. --- Nonfermenters. --- P320-nucleïnezuren. --- Pathogenen. --- Sequencing. --- T490-biotechnologie.

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This book represents a guide to the academic, scientific and clinical applications of saliva as a diagnostic fluid. This volume is written by leaders in multiple fields and fulfills a demand for a broad understanding of saliva across a range of disciplines.

salivary biomarkers --- oral neoplasia --- periodontal disease/periodontitis --- smoking --- ethanol consumption --- real-time quantitative PCR --- enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay --- immunohistochemistry --- bacteria --- HS-SPME-GC-MS --- MALDI-TOF MS --- silver nanoparticles --- VOCs --- obesity --- periodontitis --- cytokine --- inflammation --- saliva --- biomarkers --- oral cancer --- oral lichen planus --- psoriasis --- oral diseases --- oxidative stress --- antioxidants --- plaque psoriasis --- salivary glands --- cytokines --- nitrosative stress --- IgA --- alpha-amylase --- uric acid --- stress --- dental implants --- corrosion --- titanium --- metallic ions --- human papillomavirus --- oropharyngeal cancer --- meta-analysis --- n/a

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Ensuring microbiological safety in the food (of animal origin) chain is a challenging task due to the complex interactions among animals, humans and the environment. However, technological and analytical advances in recent years have provided a broader insight into microbiological hazards in the food chain and risk assessment. The objective of the proposed Special Issue “Study of Microbiological Safety in the Food Chain” was therefore to obtain scientific papers addressing microbiological hazards in the food chain, such as bacterial antimicrobial resistance, bacterial or fungal spoilage of foods, the antimicrobial potential of the indigenous microbiota, the aminogenic or amine-reducing capacity of the microbiota, and papers that apply novel methods to study the food microbiome to discover potential, previously unknown microbial hazards. This Special Issue of the journal Processes entitled “Study of Microbiological Safety in the Food Chain” consists of nine research papers and one review paper. Four papers focus on the microbiological aspects of milk and dairy products, three on meat and meat products, two on eggs, and one on various market foods. The microorganisms of interest were species of lactobacilli, enterococci and molds, Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus and the general microbiota in certain foods.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- antimicrobial resistance --- Lactobacillus johnsonii --- Lactobacillus zeae --- MALDI-TOF-MS --- milk --- PCR --- mold --- egg --- Penicillium --- colony morphology --- Ehrlich reaction --- creatine --- restriction enzyme --- PCR-ITS-RFLP --- egg quality --- Cladosporium --- Fusarium --- raw goat milk --- enterococcal species --- safety --- virulence factor --- bacteriocins --- meat safety --- biological hazards --- Yersinia enterocolitica --- Toxoplasma gondii --- food chain information --- emerging foodborne pathogens --- Bacillus --- probiotics --- ewe --- milk lump cheese --- microbiome --- microbial flora --- dry aged beef --- rancidity --- index --- meat products --- dry-cured hams --- sensory evaluation --- surface moulds --- Aspergillus --- Croatian regions --- biogenic amines --- enterococci --- lactobacilli --- lactococci --- ripened cheese --- n/a

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Almost 25 years ago, the first mammalian transient receptor potential (TRP) channel was cloned and published. TRP channels now represent an extended family of 28 members fulfilling multiple roles in the living organism. Identified functions include control of body temperature, transmitter release, mineral homeostasis, chemical sensing, and survival mechanisms in a challenging environment. The TRP channel superfamily covers six families: TRPC with C for “canonical”, TRPA with A for “ankyrin”, TRPM with M for “melastatin”, TRPML with ML for “mucolipidin”, TRPP with P for “polycystin”, and TRPV with V for “vanilloid”. Over the last few years, new findings on TRP channels have confirmed their exceptional function as cellular sensors and effectors. This Special Book features a collection of 8 reviews and 7 original articles published in “Cells” summarizing the current state-of-the-art on TRP channel research, with a main focus on TRP channel activation, their physiological and pathophysiological function, and their roles as pharmacological targets for future therapeutic options.

n/a --- transient receptor potential channels --- photochromic ligands --- elementary immunology --- Purkinje cell --- EPSC --- substance P --- chemicals --- organ toxicity --- lymphocytes --- HSP70 --- physiology --- bioavailable --- inflammatory bowel disease --- platelets --- pollutants --- yeast --- regulatory T cells --- kinase --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- manganese --- cerebellum --- TRP channel --- NHERF --- inflammation --- nanoHPLC-ESI MS/MS --- TRPM7 --- chemical probes --- TRPM8 --- dorsal column nuclei --- TRPV2 --- TRPV3 --- calcitonin gene-related peptide --- TRPV1 --- ion channels --- transient receptor potential --- 2D gel electrophoresis --- MALDI-TOF MS(/MS) --- TRPV4 --- overproduction --- sulfur mustard --- oxidative stress --- graft versus host disease --- menthol --- topical --- chemosensor --- AP18 --- calcium signalling --- mucosal epithelium --- cuneate nucleus --- production platform --- TRPC channels --- ulcerative colitis --- channel structure --- xerostomia --- neutrophils --- cardiovascular system --- TRPC5 --- TRPC6 --- TRPC3 --- TRPC4 --- calcium signaling --- protein purification --- adipose tissue --- transient receptor potential (TRP) channels --- sodium --- TH17 --- diacylglycerol --- hypersensitivity --- TRPY1 --- GABAB --- HEK293 --- thrombosis --- ion channel --- TRPC --- pathophysiology --- SMAD --- toxicology --- endothelium --- calcium --- proteomics --- TRPA1 --- salivary glands --- TRP channels --- lipid mediators --- sensors --- radiation --- TRPM4 channel --- human medulla oblongata --- mGluR1 --- small molecules --- TRPC3 pharmacology

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This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Fungal Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts that was published in JoF

toxicity --- risk assessment --- species complex --- galactomannan --- taxonomy --- Aspergillus PCR --- candidemia --- adaptive immunity --- fungal immunity --- T2 Candida --- anti-fungal agents --- innate immunity --- antifungal stewardship --- Immunotherapy --- Candida meningoencephalitis --- liposomal amphotericin B --- anidulafungin --- liver disease --- invasive mold disease --- T2Candida --- AIDS --- (1?3)-?-d-glucan --- literature review --- yeast --- hepatic impairment --- prediction models --- IRIS --- invasive aspergillosis --- antifungal agent --- TNF inhibitors --- Aspergillus fumigatus --- fungal nomenclature --- micafungin --- non-culture-based diagnostics --- PCR --- paracoccidioidomycosis --- Candida auris --- multidrug resistance --- subcutaneous mycoses --- risk score --- mycoses of implantation --- Sporothrix brasiliensis --- antifungal resistance --- immunocompromised hosts --- Sporothrix schenckii --- Aspergillus --- fungus --- cell therapy --- MALDI-ToF MS --- lateral flow --- phylogenetics --- hematological malignancy --- candidiasis --- antifungal drug --- hematological malignancies --- mycoses --- invasive fungal infections --- lymphoma --- kidney transplant --- immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome --- mechanisms of antifungal resistance --- fungal infections --- cytokine therapy --- sporotrichosis --- beta-d-glucan --- invasive fungal infection --- HIV --- cat-transmitted sporotrichosis --- aspergillosis --- cancer --- prognostic risk model