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Imperfect Union offers the first political theory of special purpose jurisdictions, which constitute the most common form of local government in the United States today. Collectively, special purpose governments have more civilian employees than the federal government and spend more than all city governments combined. The proliferation of special purpose jurisdictions has fundamentally altered the nature of representation and taxation in local government. Citizens today are commonly represented by dozens - in some cases hundreds - of local officials in multiple layers of government. As a result, political participation in local elections is low and special interest groups associated with each function exert disproportionate influence. With multiple special-interest governments tapping the same tax base, the local tax base takes on the character of a common-pool resource, leading to familiar problems of overexploitation. Strong political parties can often mitigate the common-pool problem by informally coordinating the policies of multiple overlapping governments.

Special districts --- Local finance --- Social Sciences --- Political Science --- Special districts - United States --- Local finance - United States

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Finance, Public --- Local finance --- Intergovernmental fiscal relations --- States. --- 336.1 --- Public finance, government finance in general --- 336.1 Public finance, government finance in general --- States --- Finance, Public - United States - States. --- Local finance - United States. --- Intergovernmental fiscal relations - United States.

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In fiscal year 1981-82, state and local government spending actually exceeded federal nondefense spending. However, past research in public finance has focused on federal spending and policies and paid little attention to the economic problems of state and local governments. Studies in State and Local Public Finance goes far in correcting this omission. Developed from a National Bureau of Economic Research conference on state and local financing, the volume includes papers summarizing and extending recent research as well as commentaries. Covering a wide range of topics, the papers share an empirical orientation and a concern with policy issues. The first two papers look at the role of tax-exempt bonds in local public finance. Their findings suggest that tax policies significantly affect municipal borrowing practices and that financial advantage can be achieved under certain of these practices. Other papers address specific issues related to state and local tax policy: the impact of local taxes on location decisions; efficient road-use charges for trucks; and the relation of income and general sales tax systems over time. Examining issues related to United States federalism, the last paper focuses on the impact of federal grant aid to states. The research and findings these papers report make an important contribution to the study of local public finance and should be of particular interest to policymakers and those involved in private and public financing at the local, state, or federal level.

Public finance --- United States --- Finance, Public --- Local finance --- Finances publiques --- Finances locales --- States --- States. --- finances publiques --- finances publiques villes et communes --- openbare financien --- openbare financien steden en gemeenten --- E-books --- Specie payments --- Finance, Public - United States - States. --- Local finance - United States. --- financial, wealth, income, regional, economics, economy, academic, scholarly, research, federal, government, 1980s, history, historical, 20th century, defense, nondefense, spending, policies, political, national, bureau, financing, policy, tax, local, grant, aid, nonprofit, volunteer, charitable, giving, behavior, analysis, textbook. --- United States of America

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"The recent level of undocumented immigration to the United States has increased debates about the effect of these immigrants on the cost of public services, and states have begun to enact policies that limit the public services available to undocumented immigrants. The central issues are how many undocumented immigrants reside in particular local areas and states and their effect on public expenditures and revenues and the economy in general. The Local Fiscal Effects of Illegal Immigration workshop selected six studies for analysis. The six case studies focused on one specific aspect of the complex question of the demographic, economic, and social effects of immigration: the net public services costs of undocumented immigrants to selected geographical regions."-adapted from Amazon

Illegal aliens -- Services for -- United States -- Costs. --- Local finance -- United States. --- United States -- Emigration and immigration. --- Illegal aliens --- Local finance --- Immigration & Emigration --- Political Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Costs --- Services for --- Costs. --- United States --- Emigration and immigration. --- Aliens --- Aliens, Illegal --- Illegal immigrants --- Illegal immigration --- Undocumented aliens --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Immigration --- Alien detention centers --- Human smuggling --- Undocumented immigrants --- Enemy aliens --- Expatriates --- Foreign population --- Foreign residents --- Foreigners --- Non-citizens --- Noncitizens --- Resident aliens --- Unauthorized immigrants --- Unnaturalized foreign residents --- Persons --- Illegal immigration. --- Children of illegal aliens --- Illegal alien children --- Irregular migration --- Unauthorized immigration --- Undocumented immigration --- Women illegal aliens --- Emigration and immigration --- Noncitizen detention centers